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10:2910:29, 27 January 2026 Bilal Habashi (hist | edit) [8,086 bytes] Rahmani (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Bilal Habashi''', son of Riyah, was a black slave from Abyssinia who was brought to Mecca and enslaved by Umayyah ibn Khalaf (one of the fierce enemies of the Prophet of Islam). Bilal, who converted to Islam after the Prophet's mission, was tortured by the Umayyah to turn back from Islam, but he did not give up Islam. After a while, on the advice of the Messenger of God (PBUH), he was bought and released and joined to the Muslim community and became the companions...") Tag: Visual edit

14:0214:02, 19 January 2026 Political concepts and terms (hist | edit) [80 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Political concepts and terms''' is a subcategory of '''Concepts and Terms.'''")
14:0114:01, 19 January 2026 Religious concepts and terms (hist | edit) [80 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Religious concepts and terms''' is a subcategory of '''Concepts and Terms.'''")
14:0014:00, 19 January 2026 Islamic concepts and terms (hist | edit) [78 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Islamic concepts and terms''' is a subcategory of '''Concepts and Terms'''.")
13:5813:58, 19 January 2026 Draft:Islamic ecumenism concepts and terms (hist | edit) [44 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "This is a subcategory of Concepts and Terms.") originally created as "Islamic ecumenism concepts and terms"

11:1511:15, 6 January 2026 Unity in Diversity: Interfaith Dialogue in the Middle East (Book) (hist | edit) [5,079 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Unity in Diversity: Interfaith Dialogue in the Middle East''' is a scholarly volume edited by Mohammed Abu-Nimer, Amal I. Khoury, and Emily Welty, first published in 2007 by the United States Institute of Peace Press. The book examines the practice, challenges, and outcomes of interfaith dialogue (IFD) across several Middle Eastern contexts, including Israel–Palestine, Lebanon, Egypt, and Jordan.<ref>Mohammed Abu-Nimer, Amal I. Khoury & Emily Wel...") originally created as "Unity in Diversity: Interfaith Dialogue in the Middle East"
10:5110:51, 6 January 2026 Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah and Islamic Unity (hist | edit) [5,362 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah''' (1935–2010) was a Lebanese Twelver Shia cleric, jurist, Qur’anic exegete, and public intellectual. He is widely noted for his emphasis on '''Islamic unity''' (''wahdat al-ummah''), advocating cooperation and mutual respect among Sunni and Shia Muslims, and for his rejection of sectarian incitement in favor of shared ethical and religious foundations within Islam.<ref>Encyclopædia B...")
10:4410:44, 6 January 2026 Muhammad al Ghazali and Islamic Unity (hist | edit) [5,523 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Muhammad al-Ghazali''' (1917–1996) was an Egyptian Sunni Muslim scholar, theologian, jurist, and public intellectual associated with the reformist tradition of modern Islam. He is widely recognized for his advocacy of '''Islamic unity''' (''wahdat al-ummah''), emphasizing shared beliefs, ethical objectives, and civilizational concerns among Muslims while criticizing sectarianism, extremism, and intra-Muslim hostility.<ref>John L. Esposito, ''Islam: T...")

14:5714:57, 5 January 2026 Mortada Motahhari and Islamic Unity (hist | edit) [5,852 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "== Mortada Motahhari and Islamic Unity == '''Morteza Motahhari''' (also transliterated '''Mortada Motahhari'''; 1919–1979) was an Iranian Twelver Shia scholar, philosopher, theologian, and public intellectual whose works addressed Islamic philosophy, theology, ethics, and society. He is widely recognized for his advocacy of '''Islamic unity''' (''wahdat-e eslami''), emphasizing common foundations shared by Sunni and Shia Islam|...")
14:3014:30, 5 January 2026 Muhammad Baqer as-Sadr and the Sunni-Shia Paradigm (hist | edit) [4,992 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Muhammad Baqer as-Sadr''' (1935–1980) was a prominent Iraqi Twelver Shia jurist, philosopher, and political thinker whose writings addressed jurisprudence, economics, and modern political theory. Beyond his contributions to Shia legal thought, as-Sadr is frequently discussed in relation to the broader '''Sunni–Shia paradigm''', particularly for his emphasis on Islamic unity, methodological pluralism, and shared ethical foundations across S...")

15:5115:51, 31 December 2025 Umm Kulthum (hist | edit) [17,194 bytes] Rahmani (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Umm Kulthum''' Kubra was the fourth child of Imam Ali (a.s.) and Fatima Zahra (a.s.) after Imam Hassan (a.s.), Imam Hussein (a.s.), and Zeinab Kubra (a.s.). Historical sources have spoken of her marriage to Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second calipha. Some consider her to be one of the women present at the Battle of Karbala, whose speeches and sermons are mentioned in some sources. == Birth and lineage == There is disagreement among historians about the date of Umm Kulth...") Tag: Visual edit

14:4214:42, 30 December 2025 Ahmad Moballeghi: Iranian Representative at the IIFA (hist | edit) [10,528 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Ayatollah Ahmad Moballeghi''' (Persian: احمد مبلغی‎; born 14 January 1961, Khorramabad, Iran) is an Iranian Twelver Shiʿa cleric, scholar of Islamic jurisprudence (*fiqh*), and prominent figure in Islamic unity and inter‑school dialogue. He serves as a member of the Assembly of Experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran and is widely recognized for his contributions to jurisprudential discourse, academic scholarship, and efforts to foster rapprochement...")
14:3514:35, 30 December 2025 International Islamic Fiqh Academy: Representative Office in Iran (hist | edit) [11,598 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "The '''International Islamic Fiqh Academy: Representative Office in Iran''' is a regional liaison of the International Islamic Fiqh Academy (IIFA), an international scholarly body affiliated with the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. The representative office functions to support Iran’s academic and religious engagement with the Academy, facilitate scholarly cooperation, and promote the exchange of jurisprudential research between Iranian Islamic scholars an...")
14:1014:10, 30 December 2025 International Islamic Fiqh Academy (hist | edit) [12,502 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "The '''International Islamic Fiqh Academy''' ({{lang-ar|مجمع الفقه الإسلامي الدولي}}) is an international Islamic scholarly organization and a subsidiary organ of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), dedicated to the advanced study of Islamic jurisprudence (*fiqh*) and related contemporary issues. Based in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, the Academy seeks to provide Shariah‑based legal opinions and resolutions on modern legal, social, eco...")
14:0314:03, 30 December 2025 World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought (hist | edit) [12,277 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''The World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought''' (WFPIST) is an international Islamic organization founded in October 1990 in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, aimed at promoting rapprochement, mutual understanding, and cooperation among the diverse schools of Islamic thought. The forum convenes scholars, leaders, and thinkers from Sunni, Shiʿa, and other Islamic traditions to foster dialogue and ease sectarian tensions within the global Muslim com...")
13:5913:59, 30 December 2025 The Islamic Unity: Ayatullah Khamenei's Perspective (hist | edit) [10,571 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''The Islamic unity: Ayatullah Khamenei’s perspective''' refers to the emphasis placed by Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, on unity within the global Muslim community (Islamic Ummah) as a religious, social, and political imperative. In his speeches, public addresses, and written statements, Khamenei frames unity among Muslims as both a principled religious duty rooted in the Qur’an and a strategic necessity for confronting e...")
11:4811:48, 30 December 2025 Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr (hist | edit) [8,280 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr''' (Arabic: محمد باقر الصدر‎; 1 March 1935 – 9 April 1980) was an Iraqi Shiʿa Islamic scholar, philosopher, jurist, and political activist. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential Muslim intellectuals of the twentieth century for his contributions to Islamic philosophy, economics, jurisprudence, and modern Islamic political thought. Al-Sadr is known for his efforts to articulate Islam as a comprehensive and coheren...")
11:2711:27, 30 December 2025 The Islamic unity in the works of Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr (hist | edit) [9,549 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''The unity of Islamic thought''' in the intellectual corpus of Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr refers to the consistent theme in his scholarly and religious activities that emphasizes coherence, solidarity, and rapprochement within the Muslim community. Al-Sadr (1935–1980) was an Iraqi Shi‘a cleric, philosopher, jurist, and political activist whose work combined classical Islamic scholarship with contemporary concerns, including the necessity of unity among Muslims. His...") originally created as "The Unity of Islamic Thought in the Works of Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr"

13:3213:32, 28 December 2025 Twelver Shiʿism (hist | edit) [5,652 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Twelver Shiʿism''' (Arabic: '''الشيعة الاثنا عشرية''', ''al-Shīʿa al-Ithnā ʿAshariyya''), also known as '''Imami Shiʿism''' or the '''Jaʿfari school''', is the largest branch of Shiʿism within Islam. Twelvers believe in a succession of twelve divinely appointed leaders, known as Imams, beginning with Ali ibn Abi Talib and ending with Muhammad al-Mahdi, who is believed to be in occultation and expec...")
13:2813:28, 28 December 2025 Brill Publishers (hist | edit) [4,161 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "== Brill Publishers == '''Brill''' (also known as '''Brill Publishers''' or '''Koninklijke Brill NV''') is an international academic publishing house based in Leiden, the Netherlands. Founded in 1683, Brill is one of the oldest continuously operating scholarly publishers in the world and is known for its publications in the humanities, social sciences, international law, and religious studies, with a particular strength in Islamic studies, ...")
13:2213:22, 28 December 2025 Rainer Brunner (hist | edit) [5,037 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Rainer Brunner''' is a German scholar of Islamic studies, known for his research on Sunni–Shia relations, modern Shiʿism, and intra-Islamic ecumenism. He is best known for his monograph ''Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century: The Azhar and Shiism between Rapprochement and Restraint'' (2004), which is widely cited as a foundational study of modern Sunni–Shiʿi rapprochement.<ref name="PerseeReview">[https://www.persee.fr/doc/rhpr_0035-2403_2006_num_86_1_1...")
10:5810:58, 28 December 2025 Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century: The Azhar and Shiism between Rapprochement and Restraint (Book) (hist | edit) [5,455 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century: The Azhar and Shiism between Rapprochement and Restraint''' is a 2004 academic monograph by German historian of Islam Rainer Brunner. Published by Brill Publishers, the book examines twentieth-century efforts at Sunni–Shiʿi rapprochement (''taqrīb'') with a particular focus on Al-Azhar University and its engagement with Twelver Shiʿism. The study is widely regarded as a foundational...") originally created as "Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century: The Azhar and Shiism between Rapprochement and Restraint (Bookreview)"
09:1909:19, 28 December 2025 Umm Salamah (hist | edit) [13,575 bytes] Rahmani (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Umm Salamah''' is one of the wives of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) who married the Prophet after the martyrdom of her first husband while she was twenty-five years old. Murrah ibn Ka'ab is the common ancestor of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and Umm Salamah. During her time with the Prophet, she was always his supporter and was with him in various events and events. Due to her maturity, intelligence and wisdom, Umm Salamah'...") Tag: Visual edit

11:1411:14, 27 December 2025 The Sunna and Shi'a in History: Division and Ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East (Book report) (hist | edit) [6,615 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''''The Sunna and Shi'a in History: Division and Ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East''''' is a 2011 edited academic volume published by Palgrave Macmillan. The book is edited by Ofra Bengio and Meir Litvak and examines the historical development of relations between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims from the early Islamic period to the contemporary Middle East. The volume emphasizes both patterns of division and periods of coexistence an...") originally created as "Creating The Sunna and Shi'a in History: Division and Ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East (Book report)"

13:5913:59, 24 December 2025 Category:Concepts and Terms (hist | edit) [1,290 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Concepts and terminologies''' is the name of a main category in "Wiki Vahdat" which includes Islamic, religious, approximate, scientific, political, social, etc. concepts and terms.'''Bold text'''") originally created as "Concepts and Terminologies"
13:5713:57, 24 December 2025 Category:Events (hist | edit) [172 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Events''' is the name of a main category in "Wiki Vahdat" which includes events, occurrences, events, occasions, calendars and events of the world.") originally created as "Events"
13:5513:55, 24 December 2025 Category:Geography (hist | edit) [125 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "Geography is the name of a main category in "Wiki Vahdat" which includes continents, countries, cities.") originally created as "Geography"
13:5313:53, 24 December 2025 Category:Religions and Rituals (hist | edit) [200 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Religions and rituals''' is the name of a main category in "Wiki Vahdat" which includes different religions as well as customs, rituals and customs related to those religions.") originally created as "Religions and Rituals"
13:4913:49, 24 December 2025 Category:Works (hist | edit) [159 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "Works is the name of a main category in "Wiki Vahdat" which includes books, articles, magazines, notes, analyses, videos and other works.") originally created as "Works"
10:3910:39, 24 December 2025 Abu Ayyub Ansari (hist | edit) [31,766 bytes] Rahmani (talk | contribs) (Created page with "With his constant presence on the battlefields, his love and complete devotion to the Ahlul Bayt of the Prophet (peace be upon him), and his adherence to the leadership of Ali (peace be upon him) after the Prophet (peace be upon him). Having these qualities, Abu Ayyub Ansari enjoys a high position among the companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him). This selfless and sincere person dedicated his home and simple life to the Prophet (peace be upon him) from the first d...") Tag: Visual edit

15:5515:55, 21 December 2025 Qurʾan (hist | edit) [6,722 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''The Qurʾān''' (Arabic: ''al-Qurʾān'', lit. “the Recitation”) is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the word of God (*Allāh*) revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over a period of approximately twenty-three years. It serves as the primary source of Islamic belief, law, ethics, and spirituality, and is recited and memorized as an act of worship (Britannica, 2024).<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2024). ''Qurʾān''. https://www.br...")
15:3615:36, 21 December 2025 Islamic philosophy (hist | edit) [6,921 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Islamic philosophy''' refers to philosophical inquiry developed within the intellectual traditions of Islam from the eighth century onward. Drawing upon the Qurʾan, Hadith, Greek philosophy, and earlier Persian and Indian thought, Islamic philosophy addresses questions of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political theory, and the relationship between reason and revelation (Adamson, 2016).<ref>Adamson, P. (2016). ''Philosophy in the Islamic World''. Oxfo...")
15:3215:32, 21 December 2025 Sufism (hist | edit) [6,493 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Sufism''' (Arabic: ''taṣawwuf'') is the mystical and spiritual dimension of Islam, emphasizing inner purification, remembrance of God, and the realization of divine proximity. It has historically functioned as an integral part of Islamic religious life, rather than as a separate sect, and is practiced across Sunni, Shiʿi, and other Islamic contexts (Ernst, 2011).<ref>Ernst, C. (2011). ''Sufism: An Introduction to the Mystical Tradition of Islam''. Shambhala.</r...")
15:2715:27, 21 December 2025 Seyyed Hossein Nasr (hist | edit) [6,548 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Seyyed Hossein Nasr''' (born April 7, 1933) is an Iranian-American philosopher, Islamic scholar, and university professor known for his work on Islamic philosophy, Sufism, comparative religion, and environmental ethics. He is University Professor of Islamic Studies at George Washington University and is widely regarded as one of the most influential contemporary interpreters of Islamic intellectual and spiritual traditions in the English-speaking world (St...")
15:1615:16, 21 December 2025 Islam and the Path of Unity: A Book Report (hist | edit) [5,420 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Islam and the Path of Unity''' (often referenced by its published title *''A Treasury of Sufi Wisdom: The Path of Unity''*) is a 2015 anthology of classical Islamic mystical texts edited by Peter Samsel with a foreword by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, an Iranian-American Islamic philosopher and university professor at George Washington University. The volume brings together sayings, aphorisms, poetry, and doctrinal excerpts from more than one hundred Sufi authors acros...")

10:3910:39, 17 December 2025 Islam (hist | edit) [17,450 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Islam''' ({{lang-ar|الإسلام|al-’Islām}}) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder and the final prophet and messenger of God (Allah). Adherents of Islam, called Muslims, believe that the Quran is the verbatim word of God as revealed to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel. Muslims...")
10:2910:29, 17 December 2025 Political Islam (hist | edit) [7,507 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Short description|Political ideologies and movements derived from Islam}} {{Infobox ideology | name = Political Islam | native_name = {{lang|ar|الإسلام السياسي}} | image = 300px | caption = A collection of flags used by various Islamist movements. | school_tradition = Islamism, Islamic fundamentalism, Islamic democracy, Islamic socialism | region = Muslim world | leaders = {{hlist|Hassan al-Banna...")
10:2510:25, 17 December 2025 Islamic thought (hist | edit) [8,510 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Short description|Intellectual traditions and philosophical discourse within Islam}} {{Infobox philosophy | name = Islamic Thought | native_name = {{lang|ar|الفكر الإسلامي}} | image = 300px | caption = A folio from the 11th-century Blue Quran, representing the centrality of scripture in Islamic intellectual tradition. | region = Muslim world | language = Primarily Arabic, Persian, Turkish lan...")
09:5809:58, 17 December 2025 Middle East (hist | edit) [7,837 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Short description|Transcontinental region centered on Western Asia and Egypt}} {{Infobox region | name = Middle East | native_name = {{hlist|{{lang|ar|الشرق الأوسط}}|{{lang|fa|خاورمیانه}}|{{lang|tr|Orta Doğu}}}} | image = 300px | caption = The Middle East, a geopolitical region spanning parts of Western Asia and North Africa. | area_km2 = ~7,250,000 | population = ~490 million | population_ref = <r...")
09:5109:51, 17 December 2025 Sunni–Shia relations (hist | edit) [7,956 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Short description|Major religious and political division within Islam}} {{Infobox religious conflict | width = 300px | conflict = Sunni–Shia Divide | partof = Islamic schisms | image = 300px | caption = Approximate distribution of Sunni and Shia Muslims worldwide. Sunni majority. Shia majority. | date = Emerged c. 632 CE after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad | place = Throughout the Muslim world | cause...")
09:3109:31, 17 December 2025 Vali Nasr (hist | edit) [7,826 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Short description|Iranian-American academic and former diplomat (born 1960)}} {{Infobox person | name = Vali Nasr | image = Vali Nasr, 2015 (cropped).jpg | alt = A middle-aged man with glasses and short dark hair, wearing a suit and tie. | caption = Nasr in 2015 | birth_name = Seyed Vali Reza Nasr | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1960|12|20}} | birth_place = Tehran, Iran | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = Iranian, American | alma mater = Tufts Universi...")

13:1313:13, 16 December 2025 The Shia Revival: How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future (hist | edit) [5,528 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''The Shia Revival: How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future''' is a 2006 book by Iranian-American scholar Vali Nasr. The work examines the modern political significance of the Sunni–Shia divide and argues that sectarian identity has become a central force shaping the politics of the Middle East.<ref name="Nasr2006">{{cite book |last=Nasr |first=Vali |title=The Shia Revival: How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future |p...")

11:5411:54, 15 December 2025 Islamic studies (hist | edit) [8,432 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with " '''Islamic studies''' is an academic field dedicated to the study of Islam, including its theology, law, history, culture, and contemporary developments. The discipline encompasses the examination of religious texts, social structures, political movements, and cultural practices among Muslim communities worldwide (Esposito, 2002).<ref>Esposito, J. L. (2002). ''What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam''. Oxford University Press. https://global.oup.com/academic/product...")
11:2411:24, 15 December 2025 John L. Esposito and Critiques of His Thought (hist | edit) [6,350 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''John L. Esposito''' (born 1940) is an American scholar of Islamic studies and contemporary Islamic thought. He is widely recognized for his work on political Islam, Islamic history, and interfaith dialogue. Esposito's scholarship emphasizes the diversity of Islam and Muslims worldwide and seeks to promote accurate understanding in both academic and public spheres (Esposito, 2023).<ref>Esposito, J. L. (2023). John L. Esposito. ''Encyclopaedia Britannica...")
10:5810:58, 15 December 2025 John L. Esposito (hist | edit) [5,320 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''John L. Esposito''' (born 1940) is an American scholar of Islamic studies and contemporary Islamic thought. He is widely recognized for his work on political Islam, Islamic history, and interfaith dialogue. Esposito's scholarship emphasizes the diversity of Islam and Muslims worldwide and seeks to promote accurate understanding in both academic and public spheres (Esposito, 2023).<ref>Esposito, J. L. (2023). John L. Esposito. ''Encyclopaedia Britannica...")
09:3409:34, 15 December 2025 Khadija bint Khuwaylid (hist | edit) [5,520 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Khadījah bint Khuwaylid''' (c. 555 – 619 CE) '''Khadījah bint Khuwaylid ibn Asad''' (Arabic: خديجة بنت خويلد) was the '''first wife of Muhammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh''' and the '''first person to convert to Islam''' (Esposito, 2023).<ref>Esposito, J. L. (2023). Khadījah. ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Khadijah</ref> She is widely revered across all Islamic traditions as a model of faith, moral integr...")
09:2109:21, 15 December 2025 Muhammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh (hist | edit) [5,854 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Muhammad''' ''Prophet of Islam'' (c. 570 – 632 CE) '''Muhammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh''' (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الله) is regarded by Muslims as the '''final prophet and messenger of God (Allah)'''. Muslims believe that he received and conveyed the '''Qur’an''', Islam’s sacred scripture, through divine revelation delivered by the angel Gabriel (Jibrīl) (Esposito, 2023).<ref>Esposito, J. L. (2023). Muhammad. ''Encyclopaedia Britannica''. https://www.bri...") originally created as "Muhammad"

14:5514:55, 10 December 2025 Fatima bint Muhammad (AS) (hist | edit) [6,163 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "''Fatima bint Muhammad''' (Arabic: فَاطِمَة بِنْت مُحَمَّد, c. 605/615 – 632 CE), commonly known as '''Fatima al-Zahra''', was the youngest daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his first wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid. She is venerated by all Muslims, with a status of particular spiritual and historical significance in Shia Islam, where she is considered an infallible figure and the mother of the Imams. Her marriage to Ali ibn Abi Talib, Muh...") originally created as "Fatima"
09:0409:04, 10 December 2025 Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib (hist | edit) [1,613 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib''' (1886-1969) was a prominent Syrian Arab nationalist, journalist, and a leading Sunni polemicist against '''Shia Islam''' and the '''taqrib''' movement. A staunch defender of a '''Salafi'''-oriented orthodoxy, he used his editorial control over publications like the journal ''al-Fath'' and the ''al-Matba’a al-Salafiyya'' in Cairo to disseminate anti-Shia literature <ref>Commins, D. (1990). ''Islamic Reform: Politics and Social Change in Lat...")
09:0009:00, 10 December 2025 Nikah mut'ah (hist | edit) [1,834 bytes] Peysepar (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Mut'a''', or temporary marriage, is a form of time-bound matrimonial contract in Islamic law. Its permissibility is derived from a '''Qur’anic verse (4:24)''' which mentions a "reward" given to women, interpreted by Shia scholars as sanctioning fixed-term marriage <ref>Haeri, S. (1989). ''Law of Desire: Temporary Marriage in Shi’i Iran''. Syracuse University Press.</ref>. In this contract, the duration and dowry are specified in advance, dissolving automatically u...")

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