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Show new changes starting from 16:53, 14 December 2025
 
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10 December 2025

      15:29  Template:Main page/third featured article diffhist −378 Peysepar talk contribs
      15:28 Move log Peysepar talk contribs moved page Fatima to Fatima bint Muhammad (AS)
 N    15:26  Fatima 9 changes history +6,163 [Peysepar (9×)]
      
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15:06 (cur | prev) +1,668 Peysepar talk contribs (→References) Tag: Manual revert
      
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14:55 (cur | prev) +7,109 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "''Fatima bint Muhammad''' (Arabic: فَاطِمَة بِنْت مُحَمَّد, c. 605/615 – 632 CE), commonly known as '''Fatima al-Zahra''', was the youngest daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his first wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid. She is venerated by all Muslims, with a status of particular spiritual and historical significance in Shia Islam, where she is considered an infallible figure and the mother of the Imams. Her marriage to Ali ibn Abi Talib, Muh...")
      11:25  Islamic Ecumenism (Taqrīb): Historical Definitions and Evolution diffhist +1 Peysepar talk contribs (→20th Century: Institutionalization and the "Taqrīb Movement")
 N    09:04  Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib diffhist +1,613 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib''' (1886-1969) was a prominent Syrian Arab nationalist, journalist, and a leading Sunni polemicist against '''Shia Islam''' and the '''taqrib''' movement. A staunch defender of a '''Salafi'''-oriented orthodoxy, he used his editorial control over publications like the journal ''al-Fath'' and the ''al-Matba’a al-Salafiyya'' in Cairo to disseminate anti-Shia literature <ref>Commins, D. (1990). ''Islamic Reform: Politics and Social Change in Lat...")
 N    09:00  Nikah mut'ah diffhist +1,834 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Mut'a''', or temporary marriage, is a form of time-bound matrimonial contract in Islamic law. Its permissibility is derived from a '''Qur’anic verse (4:24)''' which mentions a "reward" given to women, interpreted by Shia scholars as sanctioning fixed-term marriage <ref>Haeri, S. (1989). ''Law of Desire: Temporary Marriage in Shi’i Iran''. Syracuse University Press.</ref>. In this contract, the duration and dowry are specified in advance, dissolving automatically u...")
 N    08:57  Succession to Muhammad diffhist +1,678 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "The '''Succession to Muhammad''', known as the ''Saqifa'' event, is the foundational historical and theological rift between Sunni and Shia Islam. Following the Prophet Muhammad’s death in 632 CE, an immediate crisis emerged over the leadership of the nascent '''Muslim community (Ummah)'''. A gathering resulted in the selection of '''Abu Bakr''' as the first '''caliph (khalifa)''', a decision based on communal consensus <ref>Hazleton, L. (2009). ''After the Prophet: Th...")
 N    08:53  Jamāʿat al-Taqrīb Bayn al-Madhāhib al-Islāmiyya diffhist +2,117 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "The '''Jamāʿat al-Taqrīb Bayn al-Madhāhib al-Islāmiyya''' (Society for the Rapprochement of Islamic Schools of Thought) was founded in Cairo in 1947 as the central institution of the 20th-century Islamic ecumenical movement. Its establishment signaled a shift from informal calls for '''Muslim unity''' to a structured, scholarly effort aimed at bridging the historical divide between '''Sunni and Shia''' Islam <ref>Rizk, Y. (2013). Modern Islamic Ecumenism: A Historic...")

9 December 2025

      15:08 Move log Peysepar talk contribs moved page Islamic History to Islamic history
      15:05  Template:Main page/Second featured article 2 changes history −130 [Peysepar (2×)]
      
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 N    15:01  Islamic Ecumenism (Taqrīb): Historical Definitions and Evolution 4 changes history +7,426 [Peysepar (4×)]
      
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14:07 (cur | prev) +8,914 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Islamic Ecumenism (Taqrīb): Historical Definitions and Evolution''' '''Introduction: The Pursuit of Unity in a Diverse Tradition''' The narrative of Islam is deeply marked by its theological, juridical, and political diversity. Yet, running parallel to the history of sectarian division is a significant, though often overlooked, tradition of '''intra-faith dialogue''' and the pursuit of reconciliation. This modern conceptual strand is broadly termed '''Islamic ecume...")
 N    14:48  Imamate in Shia doctrine diffhist +1,701 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "The '''Imamate in Shia doctrine''' is a fundamental theological tenet that distinguishes Shia Islam. It refers to the belief in a divinely appointed, sinless (''ma‘sum''), and infallible leader (Imam) who succeeds the Prophet Muhammad in all functions except receiving revelation <ref>Momen, M. (1985). ''An Introduction to Shi‘i Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shi‘ism''. Yale University Press.</ref>. For '''Twelver Shiism''', this line began with Imam ''...")

8 December 2025

 N    14:23  Takfir diffhist +314 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Takfīr''' refers to pronouncing another Muslim an unbeliever, often deepening sectarian conflict. Modern Taqrīb movements consistently reject takfīr as an obstacle to unity and a driver of extremism (Brunner, 2004). <ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    14:21  Najaf diffhist +351 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Najaf''' is a central center of Shia learning, home to the Hawza and the shrine of Imam Ali. Scholars from Najaf contributed significantly to the jurisprudential depth of Taqrīb discussions with Sunni institutions during the 20th century (Brunner, 2004). <ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    14:20  Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i diffhist +366 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Muhammad Husayn Tabataba’i''' was an influential Iranian philosopher and Quranic exegete whose theological dialogues in Cairo enriched the philosophical dimensions of Taqrīb. His engagement with Sunni scholars highlighted shared doctrinal foundations (Brunner, 2004). <ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    14:06  Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya diffhist +348 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya''' was a Lebanese Shia scholar whose writings emphasized legal compatibility and mutual respect between Sunni and Shia traditions. His role in dialogue with Sunni institutions was central to mid-century Taqrīb (Brunner, 2004). <ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    13:50  Mahmud Shaltut diffhist +323 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Mahmud Shaltut''' served as Grand Shaykh of al-Azhar and became one of the most important Sunni voices in Taqrīb. His 1959 fatwa validating Jaʿfarī jurisprudence remains a milestone in Sunni–Shia relations (Brunner, 2004).<ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    09:47  Al-Azhar University diffhist +383 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Al-Azhar University''' is a globally influential Sunni institution whose scholars played key roles in Sunni–Shia ecumenical engagement. Although institutional positions varied, prominent Azhari scholars actively facilitated Taqrīb dialogues throughout the 20th century (Brunner, 2004).<ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    09:46  Al-Urwa al-Wuthqa diffhist +321 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''al-Urwa al-Wuthqā''' was a groundbreaking 1884 reformist journal promoting Muslim unity and awakening. It directly inspired the mid-20th-century journal ''Risālat al-Islām'' and the broader Taqrīb movement (Brunner, 2004).<ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    09:44  Islamic modernism diffhist +363 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Islamic modernism''' sought to harmonize Islamic tradition with modern political, social, and scientific realities. Modernist scholars considered sectarian reconciliation a prerequisite for Muslim revival, influencing the spirit and purpose of Taqrīb (Brunner, 2004).<ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ==References==")
 N    09:43  Muhammad Abduh 2 changes history +340 [Peysepar (2×)]
      
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09:40 (cur | prev) +368 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "'''Muhammad Abduh''' advanced theological reform, rational interpretation, and Muslim solidarity. His engagement with Sunni and Shia ideas laid the groundwork for future institutional dialogue such as the Cairo-based Taqrīb movement (Brunner, 2004). <ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref> ________________________________________")
 N    09:42  Nahda 3 changes history +347 [Peysepar (3×)]
      
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09:41 (cur | prev) +332 Peysepar talk contribs (Created page with "The '''Nahda''' (“Arab Renaissance”) encouraged scientific, cultural, and intellectual renewal across the Arab world. Its reformist environment created fertile ground for later ecumenical projects, including Sunni–Shia rapprochement (Brunner, 2004). <ref>Brunner, R. (2004). Islamic Ecumenism in the 20th Century. Brill.</ref>")
      09:33 Move log Peysepar talk contribs moved page Islamic Reform to Islamic reform
      09:27  Taqrīb (Islamic Rapprochement): Concept, History, and Institutional Development 5 changes history +87 [Peysepar (5×)]
      
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