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Research has highlighted concerns regarding the surveillance practices employed by intelligence agencies like CSIS towards Muslim communities in Canada. Reports indicate that many Muslims experience random questioning or visits from CSIS agents without just cause, contributing to a climate of fear and anxiety within these communities. This surveillance often leads to stigmatization and a chilling effect on political activism among Muslims, who may feel discouraged from expressing dissent due to potential repercussions<ref>Nagra, Baljit, and Paula Maurutto. “Anti-Muslim Surveillance: Canadian Muslims’ Experiences with CSIS.” Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, vol. 9, no. 3, July 2023, pp. 311–25. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1177/23326492231151587.</ref>.
Research has highlighted concerns regarding the surveillance practices employed by intelligence agencies like CSIS towards Muslim communities in Canada. Reports indicate that many Muslims experience random questioning or visits from CSIS agents without just cause, contributing to a climate of fear and anxiety within these communities. This surveillance often leads to stigmatization and a chilling effect on political activism among Muslims, who may feel discouraged from expressing dissent due to potential repercussions<ref>Nagra, Baljit, and Paula Maurutto. “Anti-Muslim Surveillance: Canadian Muslims’ Experiences with CSIS.” Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, vol. 9, no. 3, July 2023, pp. 311–25. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1177/23326492231151587.</ref>.


===Racialized Targeting===
* Racialized Targeting
The surveillance tactics have been critiqued as part of broader racialized targeting that disproportionately affects Muslim individuals. This includes monitoring activities at mosques and employing informants within communities under the guise of national security.<ref>Nagra, Baljit, and Paula Maurutto. “Anti-Muslim Surveillance: Canadian Muslims’ Experiences with CSISSociology of Race and Ethnicity, vol. 9, no. 3, July 2023, pp. 311–25. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1177/23326492231151587.</ref>.”   
The surveillance tactics have been critiqued as part of broader racialized targeting that disproportionately affects Muslim individuals. This includes monitoring activities at mosques and employing informants within communities under the guise of national security.<ref>Nagra, Baljit, and Paula Maurutto. “Anti-Muslim Surveillance: Canadian Muslims’ Experiences with CSISSociology of Race and Ethnicity, vol. 9, no. 3, July 2023, pp. 311–25. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1177/23326492231151587.</ref>.”   


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