Palestine: Difference between revisions

According to historical documents, the first signs of life of primitive humans, dating back to twelve thousand years before Christ, have been seen in Palestine. For example, cities such as Gaza, Jericho, and Magdala are among the oldest cities in the world. Of course, the favorable geographical situation has not been ineffective in this matter, and based on this, agriculture and business have flourished in this land thousands of years before the birth of Christ.

The people who live in Palestine today are the descendants of the people who have always lived in this land. They are mostly related to the Arab race in terms of culture and language. Genetic studies have shown that the majority of Muslims who live in this land, as well as the Arab citizens of Israel, are the children of Jews, Christians, and other inhabitants of the southern regions of Syria, whose presence dates back to prehistoric times. A large part of the population of Palestine converted to Islam after the victories of Muslims in the seventh century, and of course, many also remained Christian, such as the Druze and the Samaritans.

==Population, Race, and Ethnicity of the People of Palestine==

Today, an organization called the Palestinian Authority is in charge of affairs in Palestine. The history of the Palestinian Authority dates back to 1939. At that time, an agreement called the Israeli Declaration of Principles was signed and continued with many clauses between Mahmoud Abbas, representing Yasser Arafat, the leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization and Fatah party, and Shimon Peres, the Israeli prime minister, representing Yitzhak Rabin, the Israeli president. The result of this agreement was that Israel would withdraw from areas such as Gaza and Jericho for five years and hand over the administration of these areas to the Palestinian Authority. However, in late 1995, Israel returned to the areas under its control and only handed over 27 percent of the agreed land to the Palestinian Authority, which gradually changed the situation. At that time, Yasser Arafat was able to obtain the veto right in the Palestinian Council. Then, following the protests in the Palestinian Council in 2003, Arafat used the veto right to establish the position of prime minister and Mahmoud Abbas, a member of the Fatah party, served as the prime minister of Palestine. But, due to the lack of strong supports, Mahmoud Abbas was forced to resign soon. After the death of Yasser Arafat in 2004, new elections were held in 2005. This time 62 percent of the Palestinian people voted for Mahmoud Abbas. Also in January 2005, the elections related to the Palestinian Legislative Council were held, in which Hamas organization won 44.45 percent of the majority of votes and Ismail Haniyeh was elected as the prime minister of the Palestinian Authority. Hamas organization, which was called a terrorist group, was sanctioned by the United States, Israel, and many European countries. For this reason, in December 2006, Ismail Haniyeh announced that his government would never recognize Israel. On June 14, 2007, the Fatah and Hamas movements clashed and at this time Mahmoud Abbas announced the dissolution of the Haniyeh government and appointed a person named Salam Fayyad in his place. Some Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Egypt, considered the Fayyad government, which was based in Jericho, as the only legal government of Palestine and even Egypt moved its embassy from Gaza to Jericho.

Palestine, like many countries, has different political currents and parties with religious origins. Parties such as Hamas, Islamic Jihad, Muslim Brotherhood, and Fatah are among the most famous of them.