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Template:جعبه اطلاعات شخصیت Zahir bin Amr Kindi is one of the martyrs of Karbala[1]. He was among the companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny). He has been reported as the slave of Amr bin Hamq Khuzai, who lived secretly due to the order for their execution by Muawiyah. He is mentioned in the events of Treaty of Hudaybiyyah and Khaybar. He joined the caravan of Husayn ibn Ali (peace be upon him) in Mecca. He is mentioned in Ziyarat Nahiyah Muqaddasah and Ziyarat Rajabiyyah. His age at the time of martyrdom is stated as 70 years, and he was considered to belong to the Kindah tribe[2] [3].


Name

Some have stated his name as Zahid[4] and others as Zahir[5]. Zahir bin Amr was among the elders of the Kindah tribe and a resident of Kufa. He was among the Shia elders and a warrior of his time. Ibn Athir[6] and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani[7] considered him the son of al-Aswad bin Hajjaj al-Aslami and from the Qahtani Arabs and from the Banu Aslam tribe, but some have distinguished between Zahir bin Amr Kindi and Zahir Aslami.


Zahir bin Amr or Zahir bin Aswad

Zahir bin Amr, was among the friends and companions of Amr bin Hamq Khuzai and among the martyrs of Karbala[8][9][10][11]. In some sources, it is stated that he is the same Zahir -bin Amr or Aswad- Aslami who was present in the Pledge of the Tree and the Battle of Khaybar, and his son "Bahzah" narrated a hadith from the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny) through him[12][13][14][15]. While others have introduced these two personalities - namely Zahir and Zahir Aslami - separately[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].


Struggle Against Muawiyah's Oppression

Zahir was a tested champion, brave and renowned for his love for the Prophet's family (peace be upon him and his progeny)[25][26]. After the martyrdom of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), alongside Amr bin Hamq, he rose up against the oppressive government of Muawiyah and his puppet agent, Ziyad. When Muawiyah issued the order for the arrest and killing of Zahir and Amr, both fled the city and took to the mountains and deserts. Until Amr bin Hamq was bitten by a snake in his hiding place and then was arrested by government agents to be martyred, but Zahir remained alive.


Presence in Karbala

Zahir was honored to meet Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) in the 60th year of Hijrah during the season of Hajj and came to Karbala with him and attained the honor of martyrdom in the first attack on the Day of Ashura[27][28][29][30].


Status of Zahir

In the Ziyarat attributed to Nahiyah Muqaddasah and Ziyarat Rajabiyyah, such greetings have been sent upon him: السَّلامُ عَلی زَاهِرٍ مَولَی‌ عَمْروِ بْنِ الْحمق[31][32].


Descendants of Zahir

Muhammad bin Sinan, Abu Ja'far Zahiri (d. 220 AH), companion of Imam Reza (peace be upon him) and author of the books Al-Tara'if, Al-Azillah, Al-Makasib and ..., is from the descendants of this "Zahir"[33].


Footnotes

Template:پانویس

  1. ↑ Zahir bin Amr Kindi
  2. ↑ Binesh and others, Research on the Martyrs of Karbala, 164–165. Sangari, Mirror Bearers of the Sun, Vol 1, p 534
  3. ↑ Zahir
  4. ↑ Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar, Vol 45, p 72
  5. ↑ Imadzadeh, Hossein, What Day is Ashura?, Vol 1, p 254
  6. ↑ Usd al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifat al-Sahabah, Ibn Athir, Izz al-Din Ali bin Ahmad bin Abi al-Karam, edited by Adel Ahmad Refai, Beirut: 1417 AH / 1966 AD. Fi Ma'rifat al-Sahabah, Ibn Athir, Izz al-Din Ali bin Ahmad bin Abi al-Karam, edited by Adel Ahmad Refai, Beirut: 1417 AH / 1966 AD., Vol 2, p 138
  7. ↑ Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali, edited by Ali Muhammad Bajawi, Beirut: Mu'assasat al-Tarikh al-Arabi, 1328 AH., Vol 1, p 523
  8. ↑ Kufi, Fadil, Tasmiyah man Qutila ma'a al-Husayn, Vol 1, p 29
  9. ↑ Hamid bin Ahmad, Al-Hada'iq al-Wardiyyah, Vol 1, p 104
  10. ↑ Tusi, Muhammad bin Hasan, Rijal al-Tusi, Vol 1, p 101
  11. ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Muhammad bin Ali, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, Vol 3, p 240
  12. ↑ Ibn Athir, Abu al-Hasan, Usd al-Ghabah, Vol 2, p 192- 193
  13. ↑ Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah, Vol 2, p 451- 452
  14. ↑ Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, Vol 10, p 45
  15. ↑ Mamaqani, Abdullah, Tanqih al-Maqal, Vol 28, p 30
  16. ↑ Mamaqani, Abdullah, Tanqih al-Maqal, Vol 28, p 26
  17. ↑ Testari, Muhammad Taqi, Qamus al-Rijal, Vol 4, p 402- 404
  18. ↑ Khui, Abu al-Qasim, Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith, Vol 8, p 221
  19. ↑ Ardabili, Muhammad Ali, Jami' al-Ruwat, Vol 1, p 324
  20. ↑ Husayni Tafreshi, Mustafa, Naqd al-Rijal, Vol 2, p 251- 252
  21. ↑ Qahpai, Inayatullah bin Ali, Majma' al-Rijal, Vol 4, p 403- 404
  22. ↑ Amin, Muhsin, A'yan al-Shi'ah, Vol 7, p 41- 42
  23. ↑ Tusi, Muhammad bin Hasan, Rijal al-Tusi, Vol 1, p 101
  24. ↑ Tusi, Muhammad bin Hasan, Rijal al-Tusi, Vol 1, p 39
  25. ↑ Mamaqani, Abdullah, Tanqih al-Maqal, Vol 28, p 30
  26. ↑ Samawi, Muhammad bin Tahir, Absar al-Ayn, Vol 1, p 173
  27. ↑ Ibn Asakir, Ali bin Hasan, Tarikh Madinat Dimashq, Vol 45, p 502- 503
  28. ↑ Mamaqani, Abdullah, Tanqih al-Maqal, Vol 28, p 30-31
  29. ↑ Samawi, Muhammad bin Tahir, Absar al-Ayn, Vol 1, p 173
  30. ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Muhammad bin Ali, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, Vol 3, p 260
  31. ↑ Ibn Tawus, Ali bin Musa, Al-Iqbal bi-l-A'mal al-Hasanah, Vol 3, p 79
  32. ↑ Ibn Tawus, Ali bin Musa, Al-Iqbal bi-l-A'mal al-Hasanah, Vol 3, p 346
  33. ↑ Najashi, Ahmad bin Ali, Rijal al-Najashi, Vol 1, p 328
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