Draft:Mohamed Hamed Aboul-Nasr
| Mohamed Hamed Aboul-Nasr | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Mohamed Hamed Aboul-Nasr |
| Other Names | {{{other_names}}} |
| Personal Details | |
| Birth Place | Asyut Governorate, Egypt |
| Brith Date | 25 March 1913 |
| Death Place | Cairo, Egypt |
| Death Date | 20 January 1996 |
| Works | The Reality of Disputes between "Muslim Brotherhood" and Abdel Nasser |
Mohamed Hamed Aboul-Nasr was the fourth General Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood.
Birth and Family
He was born on 6 Rabi' al-Thani 1331 AH, corresponding to 25 March 1913 CE, in Asyut Governorate, Egypt. His family traced back to Sheikh Ali Ahmed Aboul-Nasr, a pioneer of the literary movement in Egypt and a scholar of Al-Azhar. After obtaining his high school certificate, Mohamed Hamed dedicated all his time to managing his family's substantial wealth.
Presence in the Muslim Brotherhood
He met Hassan al-Banna, the founder of the Brotherhood, in late 1933 CE and pledged allegiance to work under the banner of the group. He was the first person to join the Brotherhood's ranks in Upper Egypt. He rose from the position of Deputy of the Manfalut section to higher positions, eventually becoming a member of the Founding Body (General Council) and then a member of the General Guidance Bureau of the group. Aboul-Nasr was arrested and imprisoned during the incidents of 1954 and was sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labour for (25) years. He spent twenty years in Egyptian prisons until his release in mid-1974 CE. He was elected as the head of the group to succeed Omar al-Tilmessani in March 1986.
During his tenure, the Muslim Brotherhood experienced significant political events, most notably its infiltration into many professional syndicates, university training clubs, and non-governmental organisations.
During his presidency, the group participated in the April 1987 parliamentary elections, allying with the Labor Party and the Liberal Party, which allowed 36 Brotherhood representatives to enter the People's Assembly for the first time in the group's history, leading to effective opposition leadership. In 1990, the remaining opposition parties protested the continuation of the emergency law and demanded sufficient guarantees for the validity of the 1992 elections. The group nominated candidates for the Local Council elections.
In 1993, the group's leaders refused to grant President Mubarak an extension for a third presidential term, which angered the ruling power, and (82) of its leaders were referred to military courts in 1995 CE, where they were sentenced to imprisonment. The group then participated in the Parliament elections held in November 1995.
The most prominent achievements at the internal group level were the leadership's success in completing the administrative and organisational structure through the implementation of the Shura principle in selecting leaders at all levels up to membership in the Guidance Bureau, for the first time since its establishment.
Political Activities
Aboul-Nasr participated in social and Islamic work at the beginning of his life, thus:
- Member of the Social Reform Society in Manfalut in 1932.
- Member of the Muslim Youth Society in 1933.
- Member of the Muslim Brotherhood in 1934.
- Member of the Muslim Brotherhood Guidance Bureau.
- Head of the Brotherhood after the death of Omar al-Tilmessani in 1986.
In Prison
Hamed Aboul-Nasr, along with his colleagues from the Guidance Bureau and other group members, was arrested in 1954 during the July Revolution era with other Muslim Brotherhood members and sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labour. He remained in detention until he was released during the presidency of Mohamed Anwar Sadat.
Return to Political Activity
After his release from prison, he resumed his activity in the Brotherhood. Following the death of Omar al-Tilmessani in 1986, he was elected as the head of the Brotherhood. During his tenure as head of the group, the highest number of Brotherhood members entered the Egyptian Parliament, and the group witnessed increasing growth.
Death
Mohamed Hamed Aboul-Nasr died at dawn on Saturday, 20 January 1996 CE, at the age of 83 in Cairo.
Works
The Reality of Disputes between "Muslim Brotherhood" and Abdel Nasser[1].