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Draft:Jabir ibn Abdullah Ansari

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Jabir ibn Abdullah Ansari
File:Jabir ibn Abdullah Ansari.jpg
NameJabir ibn Abdullah Ansari
Personal Details
Birth PlaceMedina, Hejaz
Death PlaceMedina
ReligionIslam

Jabir ibn Abdullah Ansari, along with his student Atiyyah Awfi, were the first pilgrims to the shrine of Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) who departed from Medina to Iraq after the Event of Ashura in the year 61 AH and arrived in Karbala on the 20th of Safar. The visit of Arba'een for Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) is his legacy. Jabir was a Companion of the Messenger of God and pledged allegiance to him before the Prophet's (peace be upon him and his progeny) migration to Medina, in the region of Mina. He participated in many battles alongside the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny) and the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), and was always a defender of the Prophet and the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). Jabir's report of the Farewell Pilgrimage and his presence among the narrators of the Hadith of Ghadir, indicates his knowledgeable and courageous character. This revered Companion never remained silent against the oppression of the Umayyad Caliphs and had a prominent presence in the events of early Islam.


Lineage of Jabir

Jabir's father, Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Hazam (Haram)[1] ibn Tha'labah[2] was among those who pledged allegiance to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) in the Second Pledge of Aqabah along with 70 people from Medina[3], and became one of the 12 naqibs (chiefs) chosen by the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny)[4]. Abdullah Ansari was martyred alongside Hamza (the Prophet's uncle) in the Battle of Uhud in the ranks of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny)[5]. Jabir's mother was Nusaybah (Anisah)[6] bint Uqbah ibn Adi ibn Sinan[7].


Children and Descendants of Jabir

Three direct children are named for Jabir. In the Kitab Qamus al-Rijal it is said: Jabir Ansari had two sons: Abd al-Rahman and Muhammad[8]. In the Kitab Tahdhib al-Tahdhib it is stated: Jabir's children are: Abd al-Rahman, Aqil, and Muhammad[9]. However, we mention those of his descendants and relatives whom we have knowledge of: Ibn Athir says: In Shaban of the year 512 AH, Abu al-Fadl Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn al-Fadl al-Ansari, a descendant of Jabir ibn Abdullah Ansari from the city of Bukhara, passed away[10].

In the footnote of "Nuqaba al-Bashar" in the biography of the complete scholar and owner of miracles and holy soul, Ayatollah al-Uzma Molla Husayn-Quli Hamadani (1239–1311), it is stated that he is from the progeny of Jabir ibn Abdullah Ansari[11].

Another of his descendants is the famous jurist and deep principles scholar, Ayatollah al-Uzma Haj Sheikh Murtada Ansari Dezfuli (1214–1281)[12]. In the book "Life and Personality of Sheikh Ansari", a genealogy for Sheikh Ansari is included which reaches Jabir with 16 intermediaries[13]. Of course, in our opinion, this genealogy is not complete and half of it is missing.

Another relative of Jabir ibn Abdullah is Sheikh Jabir Kazemi who is the owner of a poetry divan[14].

Other relatives of Jabir ibn Abdullah are a famous and large family in Isfahan known as "Jabiri Ansari". The elder of this family named "Jalal al-Din" migrated to Iran seven hundred years ago.

The large and famous family of "Mashayekh Ansari" are also attributed to him, who live in the village of "Nuday Jan" from the district of "Sarkuh" eight farsangs from Darab in Fars province. A group of contemporary scholars have also emerged from this large family, the most famous of whom is Allamah Mujahid Zahid Haj Sheikh Yahya Ansari Darabi Shirazi who is currently a teacher of philosophy and Islamic wisdom in the blessed seminary of Qom. He is a descendant of Sheikh Zakariya and Sheikh Abd al-Rahman.

Regarding the motive for the migration of Jabir's children from Medina to Fars province and the time of its beginning, it is probable that at the time when the children of Imam Musa al-Kazim (peace be upon him) moved from Medina to Merv for the pilgrimage of Imam Reza (peace be upon him), children of Jabir were also present in their caravan. When this caravan reached Shiraz, the ruler of Fars was commissioned by Ma'mun to prevent their movement, and no battle took place between the two sides, and Hazrat Ahmad ibn Musa Shah Cheragh and his brother were martyred. The descendants of Jabir who were present in that caravan scattered and settled in the village of "Nuday Jan", and from their generation until now, they reside there.

The First Visitor of Imam Hussein's Grave

Jabir along with Atiyah al-Kufi went to Karbala for visiting the grave of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him). When they arrived in Karbala, Jabir performed ritual washing in the Euphrates River. Then he tied a loincloth around his waist and placed another piece (like ihram clothing) on his shoulder and perfumed himself and went towards the Holy Grave. When he neared the grave, he told Atiyah, "Place my hand on the grave." As soon as his hand reached the grave, he fell unconscious upon it.

Atiyah sprinkled some water on Jabir's face until he regained consciousness. Then he said three times: "O Hussein," after that he said: "A friend who does not answer his friend!" Then he said, "How can you answer; since blood has flowed from the veins of your neck to your back and shoulder, and separation has occurred between your body and your honored head." Then he began reciting this ziyarat nameh: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّک ابْنُ النَّبِیینَ وَ ابْنُ سَیدِ الْمُؤْمِنِینَ وَ ابْنُ حَلِیفِ التَّقْوَی وَ سَلِیلُ الْهُدَی وَ خَامِسُ أَصْحَابِ الْکسَاءِ وَ ابْنُ سَیدِ النُّقَبَاءِ وَ ابْنُ فَاطِمَهَ سَیدَهَ النِّسَاءِ ...[15]. It is reported that during these same days, the family of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) also arrived in Karbala and joined Jabir in mourning and grieving [16].


Death of Jabir

Among the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him and his progeny), he was the last person to pass away. His death occurred during the era of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan [17]. and in one of the years 68, 74, 77, or 78 AH and at the age of 94 [18] in the city of Medina [19] and prayer was offered over him by Aban ibn Uthman [20].


Where is Jabir's Grave

In some books, it is written that Jabir ibn Abdullah is among the Companions who are buried in Al-Baqi'. However, from some historical narrations it is understood that he was buried in the cemetery of the "Banu Salimah" tribe in the west of Medina; because Jabir was also from Banu Salimah. Ibn Asakir has cited a hadith that "Aban ibn Uthman", the governor of Medina, sent a message to Jabir's children: Whenever your father dies, do not bury him until I offer prayer over him. When Jabir passed away, Aban came and asked: Where will he be buried? They said: Where we bury the dead of Banu Salimah [21].


Footnotes

  1. ↑ Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 46, p. 60, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 2nd ed., 1403 AH
  2. ↑ Kashi, Muhammad ibn Umar, Rijal al-Kashi (Ikhtiyar Ma'rifat al-Rijal with comments by Mir Damad al-Astarabadi), researcher, corrector, Rajai, Mehdi, Vol. 1, p. 205, Qom, Al al-Bayt Institute (peace be upon them), 1st ed., 1363 SH
  3. ↑ Ibn al-Jawzi, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali, Al-Muntazam, researcher, Ata, Muhammad Abd al-Qadir, Ata, Mustafa Abd al-Qadir, Vol. 3, p. 189, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1st ed., 1412 AH
  4. ↑ Ibn al-Jawzi, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali, Al-Muntazam, researcher, Ata, Muhammad Abd al-Qadir, Ata, Mustafa Abd al-Qadir, Vol. 3, p. 189, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1st ed., 1412 AH
  5. ↑ Al-Ma'arif, p. 307
  6. ↑ Ibn Asakir, Abu al-Qasim Ali ibn Hasan, Tarikh Madinat Dimashq, Vol. 11, p. 213, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1415 AH
  7. ↑ Usd al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifat al-Sahabah, Vol. 1, p. 307
  8. ↑ Muhammad Taqi Shushtari, Qamus al-Rijal, Vol. 2, p. 526
  9. ↑ Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, Vol. 2, p. 42
  10. ↑ Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, Vol. 10, p. 545
  11. ↑ Agha Bozorg Tehrani, Nuqaba al-Bashar, p. 674
  12. ↑ Muhaddith Nuri, Khatimat Mustadrak al-Wasa'il, Vol. 2, p. 43
  13. ↑ Murtada Ansari, Life and Personality of Sheikh Ansari, p. 57–63
  14. ↑ This matter was narrated to the author by the late Ayatollah al-Uzma Najafi Marashi
  15. ↑ Bisharat al-Mustafa li-Shi'at al-Murtada, Vol. 2, p. 74
  16. ↑ Ibn Nama al-Hilli, Ja'far ibn Muhammad, Muthir al-Ahzan, p. 107, Qom, Imam Mahdi School, 3rd edition, 1406 AH
  17. ↑ Al-Rijal (by Ibn Dawud), p. 79
  18. ↑ Al-Ma'arif, p. 307
  19. ↑ Al-Mas'udi, Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn al-Husayn, Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma'adin al-Jawhar, research by Dagher, As'ad, Vol. 3, p. 115, Qom, Dar al-Hijra, 2nd edition, 1409 AH
  20. ↑ Al-Ma'arif, p. 307
  21. ↑ Tarikh Dimashq, Vol. 11, p. 237
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