Draft:Hamid Karzai
| Hamid Karzai | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Hamid Karzai |
| Personal Details | |
| Birth Place | Afghanistan, Kandahar, Karz |
| Brith Date | 24 December 1957 |
| Religion | Islam |
Hamid Karzai is an Afghan politician and the former president of the country Afghanistan. He has held the leadership of this country for about thirteen years since the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001.
Biography
Hamid Karzai was born on 24 December 1957, in the village of Karz near Kandahar. His grandfather, Khair Mohammad Khan, and his father, Abdul Ahad Karzai, were influential figures of the Popalzai tribe, and his father was the Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Afghanistan during the 1960s; his father was killed by the Taliban in the city of Quetta, Pakistan, in the late 1990s. Hamid Karzai's grandfather played a significant role during the war for Afghanistan's independence and the struggles thereafter, and served for a time as Deputy of the House of Elders of Afghanistan; he speaks Pashto, Persian, English, and Urdu fluently.
Career
On 5 December 2001, Hamid Karzai was selected as the Head of the Interim Administration of Afghanistan based on the decision of the important and historic Bonn Conference in Germany. Shortly after, on 13 June 2002, Karzai was chosen by the members of the Loya Jirga (Grand Assembly) as the Head of the Islamic Transitional State of Afghanistan. After two years of leading the transitional government, the first presidential elections of Afghanistan were held in 2004, in which Hamid Karzai was also one of the candidates. Karzai was announced as the elected president of the country by securing the majority of votes in this election. Hamid Karzai's thirteen-year government brought significant changes in military, educational, human rights, democracy, freedom of speech, media freedom, information technology and telecommunications, and women's rights sectors, with freedom of speech and media always being remembered as one of the greatest achievements of Hamid Karzai's government.
Hamid Karzai graduated in 1982 with a master's degree in Political Science and International Relations from Shimla University (India), and traveled to Italy and England for further studies, succeeding in obtaining a doctoral degree. Karzai is fully proficient in English, and given that he spent most of his life in Kabul, he is also proficient in Persian just like his native language (Pashto). Hamid Karzai is a soft-spoken, moderate, calm, well-mannered, and alert man, and at the same time a politician who is more inclined towards the West.
Jihad Period
During the resistance movement, Hamid Karzai fought as a mujahid (member of the National Liberation Front office led by Sibghatullah Mojaddedi) against the Communist government and the occupying army of the former Soviet Union and during the first period of the Mujahideen government (1992–94), he was appointed as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Interim Government of Afghanistan led by Sibghatullah Mojaddedi.
Relation with Zahir Shah
Considering that Abdul Ahad, Hamid Karzai's father (who was murdered in 1999 by order of Mullah Mohammed Omar), was one of the senators of the Afghan Parliament during the reign of Zahir Shah, Hamid Karzai, although native to Kandahar, is familially close to Mohammed Zahir Khan (former King of Afghanistan) and has maintained his connections with Zahir Shah over the past years, supporting his idea of establishing a Loya Jirga (Grand Assembly). Hamid Karzai was one of the main and official advisors to Zahir Shah and, before heading the Interim and Transitional Government, was in charge of leading delegations sent by the former King of Afghanistan to foreign countries including Germany, England, France, Russia, America, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Pakistan, and India. Regarding Karzai's father, it is said that during the Zahir Shah era, he was a special guest of the Americans at all gatherings and events of the US Embassy, where he would drink Liquor at the same table with the US Ambassador and Mohammed Zahir.
Civil War Period
During the civil war period, Hamid Karzai resided in Pakistan and, in addition to a personal residence in Quetta, Pakistan, he traveled to various countries including America, Germany, and Italy, and also had a residence in America; the most famous hotel that distributed Eastern foods, especially Afghan, among American and Afghan customers belonged to him.
Relation with Taliban
Karzai cooperated with this group in the early period of the Taliban government and was selected as the Taliban representative at the UN, but after the September 11 events and due to the group's hardline policies, he separated from the Taliban and organized his forces against the Taliban in Pakistan. Currently, Karzai also has connections with moderate Taliban members, including Wakil Ahmad Mutawakkil, and attempts to utilize them in the new cabinet.
On the Eve of the Taliban's Fall
As the Americans' initial choice for the post-Taliban government was Abdul Haq, following his murder by the Taliban and Pakistan's I.S.I., the Americans had no other loyal figure besides Karzai. Therefore, on 12/8/80, he was dispatched along with a number of his subordinate forces via American helicopters to the Chenarak Zarji mountains, part of the Dehrawood District of Uruzgan Province, and commenced his operations against the Taliban. Karzai came under complete siege by Taliban forces on 13/8/80 and was nearly met with the same fate as his father and brother, but was ultimately rescued by American forces. Following the intensification of American air strikes on Afghanistan and the dispersal of the Taliban, Hamid Karzai, under the guidance and planning of Zahir Shah and the U.S. intelligence organization (it is said that Karzai himself was one of the active assets of that organization), departed for Afghanistan in line with the Loya Jirga plan and to garner public support for Zahir Shah.
From Interim Government to Presidency
Following the defeat of the Taliban and the occupation of Afghanistan by American and multinational forces, Karzai was appointed at the Bonn Conference by the Afghan groups and Western representatives present at the meeting as the head of the Afghan Interim Administration for a period of six months, and after this period, was designated for 18 months as the head of the Islamic Transitional Administration of Afghanistan. During the two years of interim and transitional government, Karzai, through strong diplomacy and travel to various countries, sought to attract aid from different nations for the reconstruction of Afghanistan and was able to achieve successes in this regard. After the end of this period, on the date of 18 Mehr, the first presidential election was held in Afghanistan, and Karzai was appointed as the first President of Afghanistan by securing more than half of the so-called votes of the people of this country.
Reaction to the Ramadan War
Hamid Karzai, in reaction to the outbreak of the Ramadan War, emphasizing the necessity of respecting international rules in protecting individuals and civilian areas by both parties, expressed hope that the people of Iran and Afghan immigrants in that country, and the people of other countries in the region, would remain spared and safe from damages and attacks.
References
- Adapted from the website Complete Biography "Hamid Karzai" + Images - Mizan News Agency, Date of publication: Date of access:
- Adapted from the website Summary Biography of Hamid Karzai - Kilklin, Date of publication: Date of access: