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Children of Muslim
NameMuhammad and Ibrahim ibn Muslim ibn Aqil ibn Abi Talib
Other Names{{{other_names}}}
Personal Details
Birth Place{{{birth_place}}}
Brith Date{{{birth_date}}}
Death PlaceMusayyib, Iraq
Death Date{{{death_date}}}
ReligionIslam

Tiflan Muslim (Children of Muslim) is a title used in some historical sources to refer to two adolescents from the caravan of captives of Karbala named Muhammad and Ibrahim, who were martyred by one of the soldiers of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad after the martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali (peace be upon him).

There are differing opinions in historical sources regarding the name of the father of these two adolescents and how they escaped. Shaykh Saduq in the book Al-Amali considers them to be the two children of Muslim ibn Aqil who were imprisoned in Kufa and escaped from there; in contrast, Al-Tabari and Al-Khwarizmi introduce them as the children of Ja'far al-Tayyar or Abdullah ibn Ja'far who escaped from Karbala towards Musayyib after the event of the Day of Ashura.

There is a shrine in the city of Musayyib near Karbala which is attributed to the Children of Muslim. A series has also been produced under the name Children of Muslim on television in Iran[1].


Muhammad and Ibrahim

No information is available regarding the birth date and life of Muhammad and Ibrahim known as the Children of Muslim ibn Aqil, and only in some historical sources including Al-Amali by Shaykh Saduq, Maqtal al-Husayn by Al-Khwarizmi, and History of al-Tabari is there reference to the story of the captivity and martyrdom of two adolescents from the companions of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) after the event of Karbala[2].


Story of the Killing of the Children of Muslim

According to the report of Shaykh Saduq and Al-Khwarizmi, after the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) and his companions in the event of Karbala in the year 61 AH (680 CE) and the captivity of the Ahl al-Bayt, two young boys named Muhammad and Ibrahim escaped from the army of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad. After walking for some time, they took refuge in the house of a woman whose husband, Abdullah ibn Qutbah al-Ta'i al-Nabhani[3], was among the soldiers of Ibn Ziyad; but despite the woman's efforts to hide Muhammad and Ibrahim, they were eventually caught by her husband. The man took the two children to the side of the Euphrates and beheaded them and threw their bodies into the Euphrates, and took their heads to Ibn Ziyad to receive a reward. After hearing the story, Ibn Ziyad ordered the killing of that man and he was killed in the same place where the children were killed[4].


Differences in Narrations

The report of the story of the martyrdom of the two adolescents from the caravan of captives of Karbala differs in sources such as History of al-Tabari, Al-Amali by Saduq, and Maqtal al-Husayn by Khwarizmi. Shaykh Saduq, without mentioning names, considers them the children of Muslim ibn Aqil who were imprisoned in Kufa and after one year of harsh captivity, with the help of an old jailer who was a devotee of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), escaped from prison and took refuge in the city of Musayyib and were martyred there[5]. Al-Khwarizmi mentions their names as Ibrahim and Muhammad, stating that they are from the lineage and children of Ja'far al-Tayyar and after the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) escaped from the soldiers of Ibn Ziyad and took refuge in the city of Musayyib[6]. Al-Tabari and Al-Baladhuri consider the two adolescents to be from the children of Abdullah ibn Ja'far who took refuge in the house of a man from the Tayy tribe and he martyred them[7].

Muhaddith Qomi, after narrating the report of Shaykh Saduq, says: "The killing of these two adolescents with this quality and this detail is unlikely in my opinion, but I mentioned it due to reliance on Shaykh Saduq and the men of his chain of narration."


Viewpoints

Allamah Sha'rani, after narrating the story of Shaykh Saduq, pointing to the presence of Ibrahim Raja, Ali ibn Jabir, and Uthman ibn Dawud in the chain of narration of Saduq who are unknown and weak, believes that this narration is weak and cannot be relied upon, but on the other hand, from the weakness of the chain of narration, knowledge of the falsehood of the narration is not found[8]. Allamah Sha'rani also, after narrating the narration of Manaqib by Ibn Shahrashub about the two adolescents fleeing from the army of Ibn Ziyad, says: Since this story has been narrated through two methods, the original story can be accepted, but whether they were from the children of Muslim ibn Aqil or from the children of Abdullah ibn Ja'far is not clear. According to Sha'rani, the narration of Manaqib that they escaped from Karbala and took refuge in the city of Musayyib seems more correct; because the distance from Karbala to Musayyib is five farsakhs and it is more possible for two children to traverse this path than to traverse the distance from Kufa to Musayyib which is very long[9].

The authors of the Encyclopedia of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) also consider the reports of Shaykh Saduq and Al-Khwarizmi, in addition to the weakness of the chain of narration, to be more like storytelling; for this reason, they have evaluated the text of their narrations as weak[10].


Shrine

Next to the Euphrates, four farsakhs from Karbala, there is a city named Musayyib. Near this city, there is a shrine where it is said the grave of Muhammad and Ibrahim is located[11].


Television Series

The life of the Children of Muslim was produced in a series with the same title directed by Seyyed Mojtaba Yasini in 12 episodes of 35 minutes and has been broadcast several times on Iranian television so far[12].

Notes

  1. ↑ Children of Muslim
  2. ↑ Saduq, Al-Amali, 1997 CE, pp. 83-88; Khwarizmi, Maqtal al-Husayn, vol. 2, pp. 54-58
  3. ↑ Ibn Sa'd, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1993 CE, vol. 1, p. 478
  4. ↑ Saduq, Al-Amali, 1997 CE, pp. 83-88; Khwarizmi, Maqtal al-Husayn, 2002 CE, vol. 2, pp. 54-58; Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1983 CE, vol. 45, p. 100
  5. ↑ Saduq, Al-Amali, 1980 CE, p. 83
  6. ↑ Khwarizmi, Maqtal al-Husayn, 2002 CE, vol. 2, pp. 54-58
  7. ↑ Tabari, History of al-Tabari, 1989 CE, vol. 4, p. 296; Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1996 CE, vol. 3, p. 226
  8. ↑ Sha'rani, Dam' al-Sujum, 2002 CE, p. 136
  9. ↑ Sha'rani, Dam' al-Sujum, 2002 CE, pp. 136-137
  10. ↑ Reyshahri, Encyclopedia of Imam Hussein (AS), 2009 CE, vol. 8, p. 203
  11. ↑ Kamuna, Shrines of the Pure Family of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny), 1992 CE, p. 302
  12. ↑ Series: The Two Children of Muslim

References

Ta'ziyeh

The Ta'ziyeh of the Children of Muslim (peace be upon him) is among the Ta'ziyehs of the first decade of Muharram.

The subject of this Ta'ziyeh, which is usually performed on the third day, is the martyrdom of the two sons of Muslim ibn Aqil, who came from Medina to Kufa with their father and were captured.

In this Ta'ziyeh, the story of the captivity and martyrdom of Muslim's children and the fate of their killer is recounted[1].

Notes

  1. ↑ Salehi Rad, Majalis-e Ta'ziyeh, Ta'ziyeh of the Children of Muslim, 2001 CE
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