Draft:Abu Bakr ibn Hasan
| Abu Bakr ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| name | Abu Bakr ibn Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) |
| Personal details | |
| religion | Islam |
Abu Bakr ibn Hasan was among the sons of Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) and one of the martyrs of Karbala.
Family
His name, according to the most widely held view, was Abu Bakr, though some sources have recorded it as Abdullah or Abdullah al-Akbar[1]. Abu Bakr was the son of Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba (peace be upon him), and his mother was an Umm Walad (a concubine)[2]. Her name has been recorded as Nufaylah[3], Umm Ishaq[4], and also "Ramlah"[5]. According to some beliefs, he and Qasim ibn Hasan shared the same mother[6]. (In Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, his name is mentioned as Abu Bakr ibn al-Husayn[7]. However, this appears to be an error, and the intended reference is Abu Bakr ibn al-Hasan; for in another section of the same Tarikh Tabari[8], Abu Bakr ibn al-Hasan is explicitly mentioned). According to certain narrations, Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) married his daughter Sukaynah to him[9].
Presence in Karbala
Abu Bakr accompanied his uncle, Imam Husayn (peace be upon him), from Medina to Mecca, and subsequently to Karbala. On the day of Ashura, he entered the battlefield and, after a valiant fight, was martyred by an arrow shot by "Abdullah Uqba al-Ghanawi" (from the Ghani tribe). Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (peace be upon him) identified his killer as Uqba al-Ghanawi in a hadith[10]. However, some sources attribute his killing to Harmala ibn Kahil al-Asadi[11]. Therefore, as indicated by the author of Bihar al-Anwar, it is probable that both Abdullah ibn Uqba and Harmala participated in his martyrdom[12]. Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani placed the martyrdom of Abu Bakr ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) before that of Qasim ibn Hasan[13]. Yet other sources (Tarikh Tabari and al-Irshad) recorded his martyrdom after that of Qasim[14][15]. The poet Maqsud (Ibn Abi Uqab) referred to this same Abu Bakr ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) in the following verse: "Wa 'inda Ghaniyyin qatratun min dima'ina wa fi Asadin ukhra tu'addu wa tudhkar." (Among the tribe of Ghani lies a drop of our blood—for which we must seek vengeance—and among the tribe of Asad lies another drop (referring to the blood of the infant son of Imam Husayn (peace be upon him)) that we shall never forget.)
The Name Abu Bakr in the Ziyarat Nahiyah
In the visitation prayer attributed to al-Nahiyah al-Muqaddasah, he is commemorated as follows: "Al-salamu 'ala Abi Bakri ibn al-Hasan ibn Aliyy al-Zakiyy al-Waliyy al-Marma bi-al-sahm al-Rawi, la'an Allahu qatilahu Abdallahi ibn Uqbata al-Ghanawiyy"[16]. Peace be upon Abu Bakr, son of Imam Hasan ibn Ali (peace be upon him), the pure, the helper, struck by the arrow; may God curse his killer, Abdullah ibn Uqba al-Ghanawi.
Mukhtar's Revenge on Abu Bakr's Killer
When Mukhtar al-Thaqafi rose in revolt and assumed governance in Kufa, he sought out Abdullah al-Ghanawi, but was informed that he had fled to "al-Jazira"[17]. Consequently, Mukhtar ordered his house to be demolished and leveled to the ground[18].
Footnotes
- ↑ Alawi, Ali ibn Muhammad, al-Majdi fi Ansab al-Talibin, p. 19
- ↑ Husayni Jalali, Muhammad Reza, Tasmiyat man Qutil, p. 150
- ↑ Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Tadhkirat al-Khawass, p. 195
- ↑ Ibn Shahr Ashub, Muhammad ibn Ali, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, Vol. 3, p. 192
- ↑ Shabbar, Jawad, Adab al-Tuf aw Shu'ara' al-Husayn alayhi al-salam, Vol. 1, p. 162
- ↑ Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Ali ibn Husayn, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, p. 92
- ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, Vol. 5, p. 448
- ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, Vol. 5, p. 468
- ↑ Tusi, Muhammad ibn Hasan, A'lam al-Wara bi-A'lam al-Huda, p. 418
- ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, Vol. 3, p. 406
- ↑ Ibn Athir, Abu al-Hasan, al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, Vol. 4, p. 92
- ↑ Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 45, p. 375
- ↑ Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Ali ibn Husayn, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, p. 92
- ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh Tabari, Vol. 5, p. 465
- ↑ Ibn Athir, Abu al-Hasan, al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, Vol. 4, p. 75
- ↑ Abi Mikhnaf, Maqtal al-Husayn alayhi al-salam, p. 174
- ↑ Masum Qazwini, Muhammad Hasan ibn Muhammad, Riyad al-Shahada wa Kunuz al-Sa'ada, p. 192
- ↑ Qadi Nu'man, Sharh al-Akhbar, Vol. 3, p. 179