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Abdullah ibn Hasan
NameAbdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him)
Other NamesAbdullah, Abdullah al-Asghar
Personal Details
Birth Place{{{birth_place}}}
Brith Date{{{birth_date}}}
Death PlaceKarbala, Iraq
Death Date61 AH (680 CE)
ReligionIslam

Abdullah ibn Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba (peace be upon them both) was among the martyrs of the Husayni uprising in Karbala[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].

Mother of Abdullah

Scholars of biographical evaluation, History, and genealogy have spoken differently regarding the mother of Abdullah ibn Hasan:

Umm Walad

A group considered her an Umm Walad[18][19][20][21] named Nafila[22] or Habiba[23].

Ramla

Another group considered her the daughter of Salil[24][25] or Shalil[26][27] ibn Abdullah Bajali, and wrote her name as Ramla[28] [29].

Rubab

Others consider her Rubab[30][31]. In some versions of Al-Rijal by Shaykh Tusi, the name of the mother of Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) is given as Rubab, daughter of Imri' al-Qays ibn Adi ibn Aws ibn Jabir ibn Ka'b ibn Ulaym, from the tribe of Banu Kalb ibn Wabara[32]. However, according to some biographers, this statement is incorrect; since Rubab—with the aforementioned lineage—was the wife of Imam Husayn (peace be upon him)[33][34][35].

Umm Rubab

Some have called his mother Umm Rubab, daughter of Imri' al-Qays[36][37][38]. Mamqani, in justifying the theory that the mother of Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) was Umm Rubab—without citing a source—writes: Imri' al-Qays (father of Umm Rubab) came to Medina during the time of the Second Caliph and had three daughters. Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) chose one of his daughters for himself, and from the other two, one named "Rubab" was married to Imam Husayn (peace be upon him); and the other daughter whose kunya was "Umm Rubab" was married to Imam Hasan (peace be upon him). However, this theory has also been objected to[39].

Abdullah's Age at Martyrdom

Most sources have written that Abdullah ibn Hasan was a minor on the Day of Ashura and at the time of martyrdom; however, some have said that Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) had betrothed his honorable daughter, Lady Sukayna (peace be upon her), to Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him)[40][41]. In A'lam al-Wara it is stated that Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) was martyred before consummating the marriage with his wife[42].

Martyrdom of Abdullah

Some have considered his martyrdom after fighting on the battlefield. The author of Al-Futuh writes: After the martyrdom of Awn ibn Abdullah Ja'far, Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) headed to the field. His face was like the shining moon. He wore a shirt and trousers, and held a sharp sword in his hand[43].

Abdullah's Rajaz on Ashura

He recited the following rajaz in the field:

If you deny me, I am the branch of Hasan • The grandson of the chosen, trusted Prophet This is Husayn, like a prisoner pledged • Among people whom God will not water with rain[44][45]

If you do not know me, I am the son of Hasan (peace be upon him), the grandson of the chosen and trusted Prophet. This is Husayn (peace be upon him); who has become captive among people whom God will not water with rain.

Khwarizmi has narrated another rajaz for Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him):

If you deny me, I am the son of Haydar • The lion of thickets and the lion of the forest Against enemies like a cold wind • I will kill you with the sword like grinding grain[46].

If you do not know me, I am the son of Haydar; like the lion of the thickets of Tahamtan and the brave lion. I am like a storm against enemies and I will massacre them.

Killer of Abdullah

Abdullah, after killing fourteen of the enemies, was finally martyred by Hani ibn Shubayb Hadhrami[47]. It is stated in the book Manaqib that the face of the killer of Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) turned black[48]. In Tadhkirat al-Khawass[49] the name of the killer of Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) is said to be Sa'd ibn Umar ibn Nufayl Azdi. At the time of his martyrdom, Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) addressed him and the rest of the Ahl al-Bayt: O my son and O all my family, be patient. I swear by God, after today you will never see hardship and adversity[50].

Visitation Text for Abdullah

In the visitation text attributed to the Holy Region, blessings and congratulations are sent to this great martyr and curses and condemnation to his killer[51].

Notes

  1. ↑ Al-Irshad, Shaykh Mufid, vol. 2, p. 26
  2. ↑ Al-Irshad, Shaykh Mufid, vol. 2, p. 110-111
  3. ↑ Al-Irshad, Shaykh Mufid, vol. 2, p. 125
  4. ↑ Al-Rijal, Tusi, vol. 1, p. 102
  5. ↑ Tarikh al-Tabari, Ibn Jarir, vol. 4, p. 359
  6. ↑ Tasmiyat man qutila ma'a al-Husayn (peace be upon him), Fadl al-Kufi, vol. 1, p. 24
  7. ↑ Muruj al-Dhahab, Masudi, vol. 3, p. 61
  8. ↑ Manaqib Al Abi Talib (peace be upon them), Ibn Shahr Ashub, vol. 3, p. 255
  9. ↑ Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, vol. 1, p. 58-59
  10. ↑ Lubab al-Ansab wa al-Alqab wa al-A'qab, Bayhaqi, vol. 1, p. 342-343
  11. ↑ Jamharat Ansab al-Arab, Ibn Hazm, vol. 1, p. 38-39
  12. ↑ Al-Rijal, Ibn Dawud, p. 118
  13. ↑ Al-Rijal, Allamah al-Hilli (Khulasat al-Aqwal), vol. 1, p. 104
  14. ↑ Majma al-Rijal, Qahpa'i, vol. 3, p. 278
  15. ↑ Jami al-Ruwat, Muhammad Ali Ardabili, vol. 1, p. 481
  16. ↑ Muntaha al-Maqal, Mazandarani, vol. 4, p. 175
  17. ↑ Naqd al-Rijal, Husayni Tafreshi, vol. 3, p. 98
  18. ↑ Al-Irshad, Shaykh Mufid, vol. 2, p. 20
  19. ↑ Tarikh al-Tabari, Ibn Jarir, vol. 4, p. 359
  20. ↑ Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, vol. 1, p. 58-59
  21. ↑ Tasmiyat man qutila ma'a al-Husayn (peace be upon him), Fadl al-Kufi, vol. 1, p. 24
  22. ↑ Tadhkirat al-Khawass, Ibn al-Jawzi, vol. 1, p. 195
  23. ↑ Lubab al-Ansab wa al-Alqab wa al-A'qab, Bayhaqi, vol. 1, p. 342
  24. ↑ Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, vol. 1, p. 58-59
  25. ↑ Ansar al-Husayn, Shams al-Din, vol. 1, p. 132
  26. ↑ Absar al-Ayn, Muhammad ibn Tahir Samawi, vol. 1, p. 73
  27. ↑ Dhakhirat al-Darayn, Group of Authors, vol. 1, p. 281
  28. ↑ Dhakhirat al-Darayn, Group of Authors, vol. 1, p. 281
  29. ↑ Tanqih al-Maqal, Abdullah Mamqani, vol. 2, p. 178
  30. ↑ Al-Rijal, Tusi, vol. 1, p. 102
  31. ↑ Majma al-Rijal, Qahpa'i, vol. 3, p. 288
  32. ↑ Al-Rijal, Tusi, vol. 1, p. 102
  33. ↑ Qamus al-Rijal, Muhammad Taqi Shushtari, vol. 6, p. 317
  34. ↑ Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith, Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, vol. 10, p. 175-176
  35. ↑ Al-Rijal, Tusi, vol. 1, p. 102
  36. ↑ Jami al-Ruwat, Muhammad ibn Ali Ardabili, vol. 1, p. 481
  37. ↑ Muntaha al-Maqal, Mazandarani, vol. 4, p. 175
  38. ↑ Tanqih al-Maqal, Abdullah Mamqani, vol. 2, p. 178
  39. ↑ Qamus al-Rijal, Muhammad Taqi Shushtari, vol. 6, p. 317
  40. ↑ Al-Majdi fi Ansab al-Talibiyyin, Ali ibn Muhammad al-Alawi, vol. 1, p. 19
  41. ↑ A'lam al-Wara, Shaykh Tabarsi, vol. 1, p. 418
  42. ↑ A'lam al-Wara, Shaykh Tabarsi, vol. 1, p. 418
  43. ↑ Al-Futuh, Ibn A'tham, vol. 5, p. 112
  44. ↑ Al-Futuh, Ibn A'tham, vol. 5, p. 112
  45. ↑ Manaqib Al Abi Talib (peace be upon them), Ibn Shahr Ashub, vol. 3, p. 255
  46. ↑ Maqtal al-Husayn (peace be upon him), Khwarizmi, vol. 2, p. 32
  47. ↑ Manaqib Al Abi Talib (peace be upon them), Ibn Shahr Ashub, vol. 3, p. 255
  48. ↑ Manaqib Al Abi Talib (peace be upon them), Ibn Shahr Ashub, vol. 3, p. 255
  49. ↑ Tadhkirat al-Khawass, Ibn al-Jawzi, vol. 1, p. 229
  50. ↑ Al-Futuh, Ibn A'tham, vol. 5, p. 112
  51. ↑ Al-Iqbal, Sayyid Ibn Tawus, vol. 3, p. 75

References

Abdullah or Abdullah Akbar

In a few sources, it has been narrated that Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) had two sons named Abdullah and Abdullah Asghar. However, when these same sources name the martyred sons of Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) in Karbala, they only mention one Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him)[1][2][3]. In several later books, Abdullah Akbar and Abdullah Asghar have also been mentioned as the sons of Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) and martyrs of Karbala, and what has been stated in ancient sources about Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) has been recounted partly for Abdullah Akbar and partly for Abdullah Asghar[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In some of these books, the sons of Imam Hasan have been named Abdullah ibn Hasan (without the epithet "Asghar") and Abdullah Akbar. The author of Wasilat al-Darayn says: "In my opinion, Abdullah Akbar is the same as Abdullah ibn Hasan; and Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) did not have two sons named Abdullah."[12] Additionally, some sources have narrated that Abdullah ibn Hasan (peace be upon him) is the same as Abubakr ibn Hasan (peace be upon him)[13][14][15]. However, most sources have introduced these two individuals and their killers separately[16].


Notes

  1. ↑ Tadhkirat al-Khawass, Ibn Jawzi, vol. 1, pp. 194–195
  2. ↑ Tadhkirat al-Khawass, Ibn Jawzi, vol. 1, p. 229
  3. ↑ Manahil al-Darab, Sayyid Ja'far A'raji, vol. 1, pp. 89–90
  4. ↑ Fursan al-Hayija, Zabihullah Mahallati, vol. 1, pp. 238–240
  5. ↑ Yaran Paydar, Muhammad Hadi Amini, vol. 1, pp. 101–103
  6. ↑ Nasikh al-Tawarikh, Muhammad Taqi Sepehr Kashani, vol. 2, pp. 329–330
  7. ↑ Da'irat al-Ma'arif al-Husayniyya, Muhammad Sadiq Karbasi, vol. 5, p. 163
  8. ↑ Da'irat al-Ma'arif al-Husayniyya, Muhammad Sadiq Karbasi, vol. 6, p. 257
  9. ↑ Maqtal al-Husayn (peace be upon him), Musawi Muqarram, vol. 1, p. 264
  10. ↑ Maqtal al-Husayn (peace be upon him), Musawi Muqarram, vol. 1, p. 280
  11. ↑ Wasilat al-Darayn, Musawi Zanjani, vol. 1, pp. 248–250
  12. ↑ Wasilat al-Darayn, Musawi Zanjani, vol. 1, pp. 248–250
  13. ↑ Al-Majdi fi Ansab al-Talibiyyin, Ali ibn Muhammad Alawi, vol. 1, p. 19
  14. ↑ Umdat al-Talib, Ibn Inaba, vol. 1, p. 68
  15. ↑ Maqtal al-Husayn (peace be upon him), Musawi Muqarram, vol. 1, p. 264
  16. ↑ Abdullah ibn Hasan
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