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Abdullah ibn Ali
NameAbdullah ibn Ali (peace be upon him)
Other NamesAbdullah al-Akbar
Personal Details
Birth Place{{{birth_place}}}
Brith Date{{{birth_date}}}
Death PlaceKarbala, Iraq
Death Date61 AH (680 CE)
ReligionIslam

Abdullah, son of Commander of the Faithful Ali (peace be upon him), was one of the four sons of Umm al-Banin, daughter of Hizam, who was martyred in Karbala[1][2][3][4][5][6].


Name and Kunya

Some have written his name as Abdullah al-Akbar and his kunya as Abu Muhammad[7][8].


Life

He was eight years younger than Lord Abbas and lived for six years during the time of his father, Ali (peace be upon him), and 25 years—that is, his entire life—during the era of Imam Hasan and Imam Husayn (peace be upon them), and he left no offspring behind[9][10].


Presence in Karbala

Abdullah came with Imam Husayn (peace be upon him) from Medina to Mecca and then to Karbala; and he is among the sons of Umm al-Banin for whom Shimr ibn Dhil-Jawshan obtained a letter of amnesty from Ibn Ziyad and brought to Karbala[11]. On the day of Ashura, after Lord Abbas (peace be upon him) witnessed the martyrdom of many of his family members, he addressed his brothers: My brothers, may my soul be sacrificed for you! Step forward and make your lives a shield for your Master and Lord, support him, and stand firm until you attain martyrdom beside him. They obeyed their brother's command, went to the battlefield, and accepted all arrows, spears, and swords with their lives, attaining the grace of martyrdom.

Recitation of Rajaz

Abdullah ibn Ali (peace be upon him) went to the battlefield before his brothers and recited the following rajaz:

ANA IBNU DHI al-NAJDAH WA al-AFDAL • DHAKA ALA al-KHAIR DHU al-FI'AL SAYFA RASUL ALLAH DHI al-NIKAL • FI KULLI YAWMI ZAHIRU al-AHWAL[12][13].

I am the son of the brave and virtuous man, that man—Imam—Ali (peace be upon him) is the doer of good; the Sword of the Messenger of God and the punisher whose fear was evident every day.

Martyrdom

Abdullah fought fiercely until he engaged with Hani ibn Thubayt al-Hadrami and after exchanging two blows, he was martyred by a strike that fell upon his head[14]. Some have reported: Khawli ibn Yazid al-Asbahi struck him with a spear and a man from Banu Tamim ibn Darim martyred him. It is reported that Abdullah ibn Ali (peace be upon him) said: O Brother—Imam Husayn (peace be upon him)—my patience has ended from the grief of separation from my brothers and my soul has reached my throat from thirst. Grant me permission to join them and deliver myself from the grief of this fleeting world. His Holiness granted permission with tearful eyes. Abdullah went to the battlefield and in the first attack caused the demise of one hundred and twenty men from the enemy army and was then martyred by Hani ibn Urwah al-Hadrami or another individual[15][16].


Al-Nahiyah Al-Muqaddasah

In the visitation attributed to Al-Nahiyah Al-Muqaddasah, peace has been sent upon him as follows: "Al-Salamu Ala Abdullah ibn Amir al-Mu'minin, Mubli al-Bala' wa al-Munadi bi al-Wala' fi Arsat Karbala' wa al-Madribu Muqbilan wa Mudbiran, La'ana Allah Qatilahu Hani ibn Thubayt al-Hadrami". Peace be upon Abdullah son of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him); tested in calamity and the caller to loyalty (to the family of the Messenger of God) in the field of Karbala, the one who was struck and wounded from every side. May God curse his killer "Hani ibn Thubayt al-Hadrami"[17].


Notes

  1. ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 4, p. 118
  2. ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 4, p. 314
  3. ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 4, p. 358
  4. ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 4, p. 342
  5. ↑ Masudi, Ali ibn Husayn, Muruj al-Dhahab, Vol. 3, p. 63
  6. ↑ Shaykh Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Al-Irshad, Vol. 2, p. 109
  7. ↑ Sepehr Kashani, Muhammad Taqi, Nasikh al-Tawarikh, Vol. 1, p. 336-337
  8. ↑ Mahallati, Dhibh Allah, Fursan al-Hayija, Vol. 1, p. 250
  9. ↑ Abu al-Faraj Isfahani, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, Vol. 1, p. 53-54
  10. ↑ Group of Authors, Absar al-Ayn, Vol. 1, p. 66
  11. ↑ Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 4, p. 314-315
  12. ↑ Ibn Shahrashub, Manaqib Al Abi Talib (peace be upon them), Vol. 3, p. 255
  13. ↑ Ibn A'tham, Ahmad, Al-Futuh, Vol. 5, p. 113
  14. ↑ Ibn Shahrashub, Manaqib Al Abi Talib (peace be upon them), Vol. 3, p. 255-256, Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 4, p. 342, Abu al-Faraj Isfahani, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, Vol. 1, p. 53-54, Khwarizmi, Muwaffaq ibn Ahmad, Maqtal al-Husayn, Vol. 2, p. 34, Shaykh Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Al-Irshad, Vol. 2, p. 109, Group of Authors, Absar al-Ayn, Vol. 1, p. 66, Qumi, Shaykh Abbas, Muntaha al-Amal, Vol. 1, p. 702, Qumi, Shaykh Abbas, Nafs al-Mahmum, Vol. 1, p. 295-296, Group of Authors, Dhakhirat al-Darayn, Vol. 1, p. 266, Musawi Zanjan, Ibrahim, Wasilat al-Darayn, Vol. 1, p. 257-258
  15. ↑ Masum Qazvini, Muhammad Hasan, Riyad al-Shahada, Vol. 2, p. 197-198
  16. ↑ Mahallati, Dhibh Allah, Fursan al-Hayija, Vol. 1, p. 250
  17. ↑ Sayyid Ibn Tawus, Al-Iqbal, Vol. 3, p. 74
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