Draft:Abdullah Abdullah
| Abdullah Abdullah | |
|---|---|
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| Name | Abdullah Abdullah |
| Other Names | {{{other_names}}} |
| Personal Details | |
| Birth Place | Kabul, Afghanistan |
| Brith Date | 5 September 1960 (CE) |
| Death Place | {{{death_place}}} |
| Death Date | {{{death_date}}} |
Abdullah Abdullah (born 5 September 1960 (CE) in Kabul) is a politician from Afghanistan. He served in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan as the former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Chief Executive of Afghanistan, and Head of the High Council for National Reconciliation.[1]. Abdullah was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of Hamid Karzai between 2001 (CE) and 2005 (CE). In the 2014 (CE) presidential election, based on initial results with approximately 30 percent of the vote, he secured the highest number of votes and advanced to the second round of the election alongside Ashraf Ghani. Due to low votes in the second round, ultimately, through a political deal between him and Ashraf Ghani, power was shared between them, and he assumed the position of Chief Executive. Abdullah also participated in the 2019 (CE) presidential election, and after protesting the election results and holding an inauguration ceremony, he signed another agreement with Ashraf Ghani. As a result of this agreement, he assumed the position of Head of the High Council for National Reconciliation, which, in terms of ceremony and protocol regarding national reconciliation issues, holds the position of the second highest rank in the country. Abdullah was a close associate of Ahmad Shah Massoud. During the fight against the Taliban, he was known as the spokesman for the Northern Alliance.
Biography
Childhood and Early Education
Abdullah Abdullah was born in Shahrivar 1339 SH (August/September 1960 (CE)) in the Karte Parwan area of western Kabul to a Pashtun father and a Tajik mother. His father was from Kandahar and his mother was from Panjshir. His father, Ghulam Mohiuddin Khan, was from the Pashtun people of Kandahar and was a high-ranking official in the government of Zahir Shah, and was selected by Zahir Shah as a senator for Kandahar Province[2]. Abdullah had seven sisters and one brother, and his childhood was spent in Kabul and Panjshir. Abdullah completed his elementary education at Ghazi Mohammad Ayub Khan School and graduated from Naderia High School in 1976 (CE), and in 1977 (CE) entered the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Kabul. He completed his studies in 1983 (CE) and until 1984 (CE) served as an ophthalmologist at Noor Hospital in Kabul. In 1984 (CE), he became a refugee in Pakistan and until 1985 (CE) served Afghan refugees at Sayyed Jamaluddin Afghani Hospital in Peshawar.
University Education and Medical Practice
In 1985 (CE), he entered the front against Soviet forces, and began his activities by activating a medical clinic to care for and treat the wounded of the Jihad, and served as the head of health for the Panjshir front and then as an advisor and associate of Ahmad Shah Massoud until the liberation of Kabul. From 1992 (CE) to 1996 (CE), he served in Kabul as the Head of Office and Spokesman of the Ministry of National Defense, and in 1997 (CE) as Deputy/Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs. Also, in 1999 (CE), he served as the Acting Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic State of Afghanistan[3].
Personal Life
Abdullah Abdullah married Ms. Fakhria Abdullah, originally from Ghorband District, Parwan Province, in 1993 (CE). After the fall of Kabul to the Taliban, they went to Panjshir and after a while, along with their family, went to New Delhi, India, and lived there for some time. They have 3 daughters and 1 son. Abdullah is fluent in Pashto, Persian, and English, and also has some familiarity with Arabic and French.
References
Political Activities
Following the defeat of the Taliban in 2001, he assumed responsibility for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the Interim Administration and later in the Transitional Administration.
2009 Presidential Election
Abdullah Abdullah was one of the candidates in the 2009 Afghan presidential election. His running mates in this election were Humayun Shah Asifi and Cheraghali Cheragh. In the first round of this election, Abdullah Abdullah managed to secure 1,406,242 votes, constituting 30.59% of the total votes[1]. Initially, Hamid Karzai was announced with 55 percent, but upon investigation of electoral fraud, Karzai's votes fell below 50 percent, and it was decided to hold a second round. However, Abdullah withdrew from the second round in protest against the improper performance of the government and the Independent Election Commission, and as a result, Hamid Karzai was elected President[2].
2014 Presidential Election
Abdullah Abdullah was introduced as the official candidate of the National Front of Afghanistan to participate in the country's presidential election, and was also one of the presidential candidates in 2014. With the announcement of the election results in the second round, obtaining about 43% of the votes, he trailed Mohammad Ashraf Ghani. Abdullah Abdullah questioned the credibility of the Independent Election Commission, which caused a prolonged deadlock in the Afghan elections. Finally, on 29 September 2014, Abdullah Abdullah was announced as Chief Executive and Mohammad Ashraf Ghani as President. The National Front of Afghanistan is considered the largest political organization opposing the Hamid Karzai government[3].
2019 Presidential Election
In the 2019 presidential election, he nominated himself for this term of the election along with Enayatullah Babur Farhamand as First Vice President and Asadullah Saadati as Second Vice President. His team's slogan in this term was "Stability and Convergence" and he promised to change the presidential structure to a prime ministership and amend the constitution[4]. After protesting the election results and holding an inauguration ceremony, Abdullah Abdullah signed another agreement with Mohammad Ashraf Ghani, as a result of which he assumed the position of "Chairman of the High Council for National Reconciliation", which holds the second highest position in the country in terms of protocol and ceremonies regarding national reconciliation issues.