Sayyid Ali Husayni Khamenei: Difference between revisions
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==Membership in The Council of the Islamic Revolution== | ==Membership in The Council of the Islamic Revolution== | ||
After Imam Khomeini immigrated to France, he ordered the formation of The Council of the Islamic Revolution in late October 1978 and its members were being gradually chosen by him. <ref>Sahifa-yi Imam, vol. 5, p. 426-428 </ref> The first members of the council were Mortaza Motahhari, Sayyid Mohammad Beheshti, Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim Musawi Ardabili, Muhammad Rida Mahdawi Kani, Sayyid Ali Khamenei, Muhammad Jawad Bahunar, and Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. | After Imam Khomeini immigrated to France, he ordered the formation of The Council of the Islamic Revolution in late October 1978 and its members were being gradually chosen by him. <ref>Sahifa-yi Imam, vol. 5, p. 426-428 </ref> The first members of the council were Mortaza Motahhari, Sayyid Mohammad Beheshti, Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim Musawi Ardabili, Muhammad Rida Mahdawi Kani, Sayyid Ali Khamenei, Muhammad Jawad Bahunar, and Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. | ||
Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei attended in the sessions of the council in late January 1979. <ref>Pa bi pa-yi aftab, vol. 2, p. 192 </ref> At that time, the council made very important decisions about fighting with the regime including negotiation with the officials of Pahlavi government and foreign countries, forming the committee of welcoming Imam Khomeini | Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei attended in the sessions of the council in late January 1979. <ref>Pa bi pa-yi aftab, vol. 2, p. 192 </ref> At that time, the council made very important decisions about fighting with the regime including negotiation with the officials of Pahlavi government and foreign countries, forming the committee of welcoming Imam Khomeini <ref>Qasimpur, Dahi-yi sarniwisht-saz, pp. 92-94 </ref> and introducing Mahdi Bazargan to Imam Khomeini as the president of the temporary government. <ref>Bashiri, Hashimi, inqilab wa piruzi, p. 169 </ref> | ||
After the Islamic Revolution, the Council was in charge of legislation in the absence of an official legislature, performing some of the duties of the cabinet after merging of the transitional government with the Council of Revolution in July 1979 and performing all duties of the government after the transitional government resigned on November 5, 1979. Beside all these duties, it was an authority for solving the problems and crises ahead of the newly born Islamic Republic and also a counseling body for Imam Khomeini. | After the Islamic Revolution, the Council was in charge of legislation in the absence of an official legislature, performing some of the duties of the cabinet after merging of the transitional government with the Council of Revolution in July 1979 and performing all duties of the government after the transitional government resigned on November 5, 1979. Beside all these duties, it was an authority for solving the problems and crises ahead of the newly born Islamic Republic and also a counseling body for Imam Khomeini. <ref>Sa'ili, Tarikhcha-yi shuwra-yi inqilab-i Islami, p. 11 </ref> Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei was a permanent member of this council until the end of its activity on July 20, 1980. <ref>Sa'ili, Tarikhcha-yi shuwra-yi inqilab-i Islami, pp. 49-62 </ref> | ||
He believed that the Council of the Revolution needed to be composed of different representatives from various groups and parts of the society. The problems of Kurdistan, Sistan and Baluchistan and other parts of the country and maintaining the unity of people, were among other important issues Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei focused on in the council. | He believed that the Council of the Revolution needed to be composed of different representatives from various groups and parts of the society. The problems of Kurdistan, Sistan and Baluchistan and other parts of the country and maintaining the unity of people, were among other important issues Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei focused on in the council. | ||
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In a military exercise on August 6, 1987 in Persian Gulf, during the presidency of Islamic Republic of Iran. | In a military exercise on August 6, 1987 in Persian Gulf, during the presidency of Islamic Republic of Iran. | ||
In late July 1979, Sayyid Ali Khamenei was chosen as the Deputy of Revolution Affairs in the Defense Ministry and also a member of the Commission of Security Ministers who was in charge of all police, military, and security affairs. | In late July 1979, Sayyid Ali Khamenei was chosen as the Deputy of Revolution Affairs in the Defense Ministry and also a member of the Commission of Security Ministers who was in charge of all police, military, and security affairs. <ref>Sa'ili, Tarikhcha-yi shuwra-yi inqilab-i Islami, pp. 117-118 </ref> Beside all his missions assigned by the Council of the Revolution, he also became the head of the Center for Documents of Islamic Revolution and the Chief of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution on November 24, 1979. On February 24, 1980, he resigned from this position due to his candidacy for the first period of the parliament. <ref>Bashiri, Hashimi, inqilab wa piruzi, p. 449 </ref> | ||
==Establishment of the Islamic Republic Party== | ==Establishment of the Islamic Republic Party== | ||
During the days leading to the success of the Islamic Revolution and after that, | During the days leading to the success of the Islamic Revolution and after that, <ref>Bashiri, Hashimi, inqilab wa piruzi, p. 125 </ref> Sayyid Ali Khamenei worked together with Sayyid Mohammad Beheshti, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Sayyid Abd al-Karim Musavi Ardabili, and Mohammad Javad Bahunar for the establishment of a revolutionary institution. <ref>Bashiri, Hashimi, inqilab wa piruzi, pp. 215-218 </ref> This institution officially announced its existence on February 18, 1979, but its background dated back to sessions held in Mashhad in the summer of 1977. <ref>Jasbi, Az ghubar ta baran, vol. 4, p. 149 </ref> | ||
Sayyid Ali Khamenei was among the ones who compiled the manifesto of the party and took the task of the party propagation. | Sayyid Ali Khamenei was among the ones who compiled the manifesto of the party and took the task of the party propagation. <ref>Jasbi, Az ghubar ta baran, vol. 4, p. 146 </ref> He was a founding member and a member of the central council and did more for the party during the time of its establishment and presented party positions in the form of pamphlets. He also played a role in the establishment of the branch of the party in Mashhad and opened its office on March 17, 1979. | ||
After Beheshti and Bahunar, Sayyid Ali Khamenei was chosen by the central council of the party as its third general director. | After Beheshti and Bahunar, Sayyid Ali Khamenei was chosen by the central council of the party as its third general director. <ref>Hashimi, Ubur az buhran, p. 263 </ref> In the first general congress of the party in May 1983, he was chosen as the general director of the party, a member of the central council <ref>Bakhshayish, Khatirat-i Sayyid Murtada Nabawi, p. 168 </ref> and the judgment council of the party. <ref>Jasbi, Az ghubar ta baran, vol. 4, p. 300 </ref> | ||
During his presidency, he participated in the sessions of the party in Tehran and other cities and while he explained the missions and goals of the party, he also answered questions of the members of offices and branches of the party. | During his presidency, he participated in the sessions of the party in Tehran and other cities and while he explained the missions and goals of the party, he also answered questions of the members of offices and branches of the party. <ref>Jumhuri-yi Islami Newspaper, no. 1541, p. 15; no.1543, p. 2 </ref> | ||
==Leader of Friday Prayer of Tehran== | ==Leader of Friday Prayer of Tehran== | ||
On January 14, 1980, Imam Khomeini appointed Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei as the leader of Friday prayer of Tehran, pointing to his good background and merits in knowledge and action. | On January 14, 1980, Imam Khomeini appointed Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei as the leader of Friday prayer of Tehran, pointing to his good background and merits in knowledge and action. <ref>Sahifa-yi Imam, vol. 12, p. 116 </ref> He led the first Friday prayer on January 18, 1980. From this time until June 27, 1981, when he was attacked in Abudhar Mosque in Tehran and he was seriously injured, he led the Friday prayer of Tehran except for a few days. He had this responsibility thereafter as well. | ||
Holding a seminar for the leaders of Friday prayer around Iran in order to make an integrated network of these leaders in the country and around the Islamic World was his idea and the first seminar was held in Faydiyya School in Qom, after the approval of Imam Khomeini. | Holding a seminar for the leaders of Friday prayer around Iran in order to make an integrated network of these leaders in the country and around the Islamic World was his idea and the first seminar was held in Faydiyya School in Qom, after the approval of Imam Khomeini. | ||
He also sometimes made Arabics sermons after the second Persian sermon of Friday prayer. | He also sometimes made Arabics sermons after the second Persian sermon of Friday prayer. | ||
==Membership of the Parliament== | ==Membership of the Parliament== | ||
Sayyid Ali Khamenei entered the first round of the parliament in March 1980 elected by the votes of Tehran, with the support of the Jami'a-yi Ruhaniyyat-i Mubariz, the Islamic Republic Party, and some other Islamic organizations and groups. | Sayyid Ali Khamenei entered the first round of the parliament in March 1980 elected by the votes of Tehran, with the support of the Jami'a-yi Ruhaniyyat-i Mubariz, the Islamic Republic Party, and some other Islamic organizations and groups. | ||
In October 1981, Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei became the president and left the parliament. | In October 1981, Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei became the president and left the parliament. | ||
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Sayyid Ali Khamenei was severely injured on June 27, 1981, after the blast of a bomb installed in an audio recorder while he was speaking after Noon Prayer in Abudhar Mosque in one of the southern neighborhoods of Tehran. After this terrorist attack, he received severe injury on his chest and his right hand, the effects of which still can be seen on his right hand which is not very functional. Non-official reports regarded the Mujahidin-i-Khalq Organization as the organizers of the attack. | Sayyid Ali Khamenei was severely injured on June 27, 1981, after the blast of a bomb installed in an audio recorder while he was speaking after Noon Prayer in Abudhar Mosque in one of the southern neighborhoods of Tehran. After this terrorist attack, he received severe injury on his chest and his right hand, the effects of which still can be seen on his right hand which is not very functional. Non-official reports regarded the Mujahidin-i-Khalq Organization as the organizers of the attack. | ||
Imam Khomeini sent a message to Sayyid Ali Khamenei and condemned the attack on him and praised him. | Imam Khomeini sent a message to Sayyid Ali Khamenei and condemned the attack on him and praised him. <ref>Sahifa-yi Imam, vol. 14. p. 304 </ref> He was released from the hospital on August 9, 1981 and continued his social and political duties and attended the parliament sessions again from August 17. | ||
=Presidency= | =Presidency= | ||
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After a terrorist attack by some radical Muslim groups in France in 2014 which led to a high anti-Muslim atmosphere in west, Ayatollah Khamenei sent a message to the youths in Europe and North America. In this message, he asked the youth that in order to know Islam, they need to refer to the original references for Islam which are the Qur'an and the life of the Prophet (s). | After a terrorist attack by some radical Muslim groups in France in 2014 which led to a high anti-Muslim atmosphere in west, Ayatollah Khamenei sent a message to the youths in Europe and North America. In this message, he asked the youth that in order to know Islam, they need to refer to the original references for Islam which are the Qur'an and the life of the Prophet (s). | ||
This message was widely spread in online social networks in several languages with a hash-tag of "Letter4u". It seems that such a message has been unprecedented among Muslim and Shi'a scholars. | This message was widely spread in online social networks in several languages with a hash-tag of "Letter4u". It seems that such a message has been unprecedented among Muslim and Shi'a scholars. <ref>https://en.wikishia.net/view/Sayyid_Ali_Husayni_Khamenei</ref> | ||
=Notes= | =Notes= | ||