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Boko Haram: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with " '''Boko Haram''' '''The name of the movement is Boko Haram''' '''Leaders:Mohammad Yusuf-Abu Bakr Shekao''' '''Objectives : implementing of Sharia throughout Nigeria''' '''Orientation : generally in conflict with the government''' '''<br />Boko Haram in Hausa language means "forbidden to study in the Western way". With its official name (Arabic: جماعة اهل السنة للدعوۃ و الجهاد) is an Islamic insurgent and jihadist group in northern Nigeria...") |
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'''Orientation : generally in conflict with the government''' | '''Orientation : generally in conflict with the government''' | ||
'''<br />Boko Haram in Hausa language means "forbidden to study in the Western way". With its official name (Arabic: جماعة اهل السنة للدعوۃ و الجهاد) is an Islamic insurgent and jihadist group in northern Nigeria that demands the closure of all modern schools and the imposition of Islamic Sharia on all 36 states of Nigeria. This group, which is also active in Niger, Chad and northern Cameroon, was founded in 2002 and was previously associated with the Al-Qaeda network, but in March 2015, it pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and changed its name to the West African Province of the Islamic State [1].''' | '''<br />Boko Haram in Hausa language means "forbidden to study in the Western way". With its official name (Arabic: جماعة اهل السنة للدعوۃ و الجهاد) is an Islamic insurgent and jihadist group in northern Nigeria that demands the closure of all modern schools and the imposition of Islamic Sharia on all 36 states of Nigeria. This group, which is also active in Niger, Chad and northern Cameroon, was founded in 2002 and was previously associated with the Al-Qaeda network, but in March 2015, it pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and changed its name to the West African Province of the Islamic State [1].''' | ||
'''Their model is very similar to the Afghan Taliban, and their followers have long beards and wear a red or black cloth on their heads. Boko Haram began its activities in 2003 and carried out its first attack in 2004. Their main headquarters is in the northeast of Nigeria around the city of Maiduguri [2].''' | '''<nowiki>http://shiafrica.blogfa.com</nowiki>''' | ||
'''Their model is very similar to the Afghan Taliban, and their followers have long beards and wear a red or black cloth on their heads. Boko Haram began its activities in 2003 and carried out its first attack in 2004. Their main headquarters is in the northeast of Nigeria around the city of Maiduguri [2].'''https://www.yjc.ir | |||
'''Background | '''Background | ||
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'''On February 7, 2015, the five countries involved in the war with the Boko Haram terrorist group (Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon, Niger, and Benin) pledged in the final statement of their joint meeting to form 8,700 people of troops to fight with this terrorist group. This five African countries that held an anti-Boko Haram meeting in Yaounde, the capital of Cameroon, each will provide a share of these forces. This force included military, security and civilian personnel.''' | '''On February 7, 2015, the five countries involved in the war with the Boko Haram terrorist group (Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon, Niger, and Benin) pledged in the final statement of their joint meeting to form 8,700 people of troops to fight with this terrorist group. This five African countries that held an anti-Boko Haram meeting in Yaounde, the capital of Cameroon, each will provide a share of these forces. This force included military, security and civilian personnel.''' | ||
'''In Feb 2015, Abu Bakr Shekau, the leader of the Boko Haram group, officially declared his allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the self-proclaimed caliph of the Islamic State (ISIS), by publishing an audio message on the Internet. This group has given its official name as "Jamaat Ahl-e-Sunni for Da'wa and Jihad" [3] Abubakar Shako said that his goal is to "swallow" Goodluck Jonathan (president of Nigeria) and overthrow his government [4].''' | '''In Feb 2015, Abu Bakr Shekau, the leader of the Boko Haram group, officially declared his allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the self-proclaimed caliph of the Islamic State (ISIS), by publishing an audio message on the Internet. This group has given its official name as "Jamaat Ahl-e-Sunni for Da'wa and Jihad" [3]<nowiki>http://shiafrica.blogfa.com</nowiki>''' | ||
'''Abubakar Shako said that his goal is to "swallow" Goodluck Jonathan (president of Nigeria) and overthrow his government [4].'''https://www.yjc.ir | |||
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Muhammad Yusuf was the former leader and founder of Boko Haram born in Girgir town in Yobe state. He chose the official name of the group "Jama'ah Ahl as-Sunnah for Prayers and Jihad" (community of Sunni people who consider themselves obliged to spread teachings and Jihad). Contrary to appearances, according to B. B. C. this controversial Salafi was educated, spoke fluent English, lived a rich life and had a Mercedes Benz car.''' | Muhammad Yusuf was the former leader and founder of Boko Haram born in Girgir town in Yobe state. He chose the official name of the group "Jama'ah Ahl as-Sunnah for Prayers and Jihad" (community of Sunni people who consider themselves obliged to spread teachings and Jihad). Contrary to appearances, according to B. B. C. this controversial Salafi was educated, spoke fluent English, lived a rich life and had a Mercedes Benz car.''' | ||
'''Mohammad Yusuf in an interview withB. B. C. channel had falsely claimed that the sphericity of the earth is against the teachings of the Quran and is not acceptable. He does not accept that the origin of rain is water evaporated by the sun. They demand the implementation of Sharia throughout Nigeria and consider all those who do not follow them - both Muslim and Christian - to be infidels [5].''' | '''Mohammad Yusuf in an interview withB. B. C. channel had falsely claimed that the sphericity of the earth is against the teachings of the Quran and is not acceptable. He does not accept that the origin of rain is water evaporated by the sun. They demand the implementation of Sharia throughout Nigeria and consider all those who do not follow them - both Muslim and Christian - to be infidels [5].'''https://www.yjc.ir | ||
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During Shikau's leadership, this group has been able to compensate for its human losses by recruiting new forces, relying on three factors. Exploiting money among the unemployed and the poor, using girls and women to persuade and encourage the youth, and by adopting the tactics of intimidation and coercion, it has managed to attract many people from different countries, and with this action, it has been able to compensate its human losses. These are three main aspects of recruitment in the Boko Haram organization after Abubakar Shikau took over the power [6]. | During Shikau's leadership, this group has been able to compensate for its human losses by recruiting new forces, relying on three factors. Exploiting money among the unemployed and the poor, using girls and women to persuade and encourage the youth, and by adopting the tactics of intimidation and coercion, it has managed to attract many people from different countries, and with this action, it has been able to compensate its human losses. These are three main aspects of recruitment in the Boko Haram organization after Abubakar Shikau took over the power [6].http://www.css.ir | ||
'''<br />Activity | '''<br />Activity | ||
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'''While 50% of Nigerians are Muslims and 40% are Christians, this group is responsible for the heinous killings of both Muslims and non-Muslims in northern Nigeria. They bomb both mosques and churches and commit suicide attacks. | '''While 50% of Nigerians are Muslims and 40% are Christians, this group is responsible for the heinous killings of both Muslims and non-Muslims in northern Nigeria. They bomb both mosques and churches and commit suicide attacks. | ||
In one of the car bomb attacks in Abuja, United Nations buildings were targeted in 2011. More recent conflicts - especially in the rural area of Borno state in northeastern Nigeria - have left tens of dead [7]. | In one of the car bomb attacks in Abuja, United Nations buildings were targeted in 2011. More recent conflicts - especially in the rural area of Borno state in northeastern Nigeria - have left tens of dead [7].https://www.yjc.ir | ||
'''The main operations of Boko Haram | '''The main operations of Boko Haram | ||
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While the Boko Haram group set fire to some Christian villages in Nigeria and treated 200 kidnapped girls as slaves, ISIS beheaded hundreds of Yazidi and Christian minorities in the city of Mosul in Iraq and took women and girls to got enslaved as well. | While the Boko Haram group set fire to some Christian villages in Nigeria and treated 200 kidnapped girls as slaves, ISIS beheaded hundreds of Yazidi and Christian minorities in the city of Mosul in Iraq and took women and girls to got enslaved as well. | ||
while the members of the ISIS group beheaded dozens of people, including the American journalist James Foley, the armed forces of the Boko Haram group brutally killed at least 200 residents of the Ghoza region in Borno state in the northeast of Nigeria. | while the members of the ISIS group beheaded dozens of people, including the American journalist James Foley, the armed forces of the Boko Haram group brutally killed at least 200 residents of the Ghoza region in Borno state in the northeast of Nigeria. | ||
Also, Boko Haram declared an Islamic caliphate in Nigeria by following the example of ISIS in Iraq and Syria. Therefore, it seems that there are many similarities between ISIS and Boko Haram in terms of intellectual foundations, belief tendencies, goals, strategies and implementation methods [8]. | Also, Boko Haram declared an Islamic caliphate in Nigeria by following the example of ISIS in Iraq and Syria. Therefore, it seems that there are many similarities between ISIS and Boko Haram in terms of intellectual foundations, belief tendencies, goals, strategies and implementation methods [8].http://shiafrica.blogfa.com | ||
'''<br /> | '''<br /> | ||
Funds | Funds | ||
The ivory trade is one of the most important financial sources for Boko Haram and al-Shabaab. In the country of origin, ivory is sold to middlemen for a hundred dollars per kilo, but when it reaches China or Thailand, the price of ivory is $2,100 per kilo [9]. | The ivory trade is one of the most important financial sources for Boko Haram and al-Shabaab. In the country of origin, ivory is sold to middlemen for a hundred dollars per kilo, but when it reaches China or Thailand, the price of ivory is $2,100 per kilo [9].http://shiafrica.blogfa.com | ||
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