Battle of Khandaq: Difference between revisions
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==Muslim's Tough Situation== | ==Muslim's Tough Situation== | ||
Muslims feared very much, since they were nervous about their family condition inside Medina (situated at the back of their domicile), and they had to confront those enemy warriors passing the trench every now and then. The Qur'an depicted Muslim's fear and their suspicion about God's promises very plainly.[ | Muslims feared very much, since they were nervous about their family condition inside Medina (situated at the back of their domicile), and they had to confront those enemy warriors passing the trench every now and then. The Qur'an depicted Muslim's fear and their suspicion about God's promises very plainly. <ref>And when the hypocrites were saying, as well as those in whose hearts is a sickness, ‘Allah and His Apostle did not promise us [anything] except delusion.’ (12) And when a group of them said, ‘O people of Yathrib! [This is] not a place for you, so go back!’ And a group of them sought the Prophet’s permission, saying, ‘Our homes lie exposed [to the enemy],’ although they were not exposed. They only sought to flee. (Quran 33:12-13) </ref> The fear was so deep that Mu'attib b. Qushayr, a hypocrite, said that Muhammad promised us the conquest of Iran and Rome; however, no one dares to go out even to ease his nature. | ||
Muslims guarded the trench in turn, day and night, enduring severe cold weather and hunger. Some miracles ascribed to the Prophet (s) about satisfying Muslim's hunger have been narrated. One time, there were so many attacks from the enemy that the Prophet (s) didn't manage to say Noon and Afternoon prayers, and had to perform them later along with Sunset and Dusk prayer. | Muslims guarded the trench in turn, day and night, enduring severe cold weather and hunger. Some miracles ascribed to the Prophet (s) about satisfying Muslim's hunger have been narrated. One time, there were so many attacks from the enemy that the Prophet (s) didn't manage to say Noon and Afternoon prayers, and had to perform them later along with Sunset and Dusk prayer. | ||
Some of the Muslims like Banu Haritha asked the Prophet (s) for the permission to leave, putting forward the excuse that their houses are unprotected and they worry about enemy's attacks or burglary. There have been some narrations about shooting arrows, hard fighting, and injuries from both sides such as Sa'd b. Mu'adh. Also, it has been said that Khalid b. al-Walid, 'Amr b. al-'As, and Abu Sufyan had some attacks against the Muslims army. | Some of the Muslims like Banu Haritha asked the Prophet (s) for the permission to leave, putting forward the excuse that their houses are unprotected and they worry about enemy's attacks or burglary. There have been some narrations about shooting arrows, hard fighting, and injuries from both sides such as Sa'd b. Mu'adh. Also, it has been said that Khalid b. al-Walid, 'Amr b. al-'As, and Abu Sufyan had some attacks against the Muslims army. | ||
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Nu'aym met the Prophet (s) covertly. He told Nu'aym to undermine the enemy and to arise disputes among them. Nu'aym asked the Prophet (s) for the permission to say whatever he wants to achieve this goal. The Prophet (s) allowed him and said, "war is deceit". Nu'aym b. Mas'ud met Banu Qurayza, whom he already had intercourse with. He recommended that they had better ask Quraysh and Ghatafan for hostages, on account that they had no worry about their houses being accessible, thus they could easily leave Banu Qurayza alone. Then, he visited Quraysh and Ghatafan and informed them about Banu Qurayza's regret and disloyalty. He told them Banu Qurayza had decided to take a hostage from them and give the hostages up to Muhammad (s), and then establish peace between themselves and Muslims. He recommended that they not give any hostages to Banu Qurayza. Consequently, disputes arose among them. | Nu'aym met the Prophet (s) covertly. He told Nu'aym to undermine the enemy and to arise disputes among them. Nu'aym asked the Prophet (s) for the permission to say whatever he wants to achieve this goal. The Prophet (s) allowed him and said, "war is deceit". Nu'aym b. Mas'ud met Banu Qurayza, whom he already had intercourse with. He recommended that they had better ask Quraysh and Ghatafan for hostages, on account that they had no worry about their houses being accessible, thus they could easily leave Banu Qurayza alone. Then, he visited Quraysh and Ghatafan and informed them about Banu Qurayza's regret and disloyalty. He told them Banu Qurayza had decided to take a hostage from them and give the hostages up to Muhammad (s), and then establish peace between themselves and Muslims. He recommended that they not give any hostages to Banu Qurayza. Consequently, disputes arose among them. | ||
• As al-Waqidi narrates, when the polytheists' army arrived in Medina, there was no cultivation left, and people had already harvested their plantations a month before. As a result, the remaining fodder on the ground was not adequate for Quraysh and Ghatafan horses. Camels were about to die due to starvation and Medina ground was totally dry because of no rain. | • As al-Waqidi narrates, when the polytheists' army arrived in Medina, there was no cultivation left, and people had already harvested their plantations a month before. As a result, the remaining fodder on the ground was not adequate for Quraysh and Ghatafan horses. Camels were about to die due to starvation and Medina ground was totally dry because of no rain. | ||
• Ibn Sa'd has told about the Prophet's (s) prayer, its fulfillment, and divine assistance. The Prophet (s) prayed in a place later named as al-Ahzab Mosque, on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday: "O God! Make the confederates defeated and run-away". Finally, his supplication was fulfilled on Wednesday between his Noon and Afternoon prayer. At a cold winter night, a terrible storm destroyed their belongings. Qur'an has mentioned this divine help. | • Ibn Sa'd has told about the Prophet's (s) prayer, its fulfillment, and divine assistance. The Prophet (s) prayed in a place later named as al-Ahzab Mosque, on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday: "O God! Make the confederates defeated and run-away". Finally, his supplication was fulfilled on Wednesday between his Noon and Afternoon prayer. At a cold winter night, a terrible storm destroyed their belongings. Qur'an has mentioned this divine help. <ref>O you who have faith! Remember Allah's blessing upon you when the hosts came at you, and We sent against them a gale and hosts whom you did not see. And Allah sees best what you do. (Qur'an 33:9) </ref> | ||
Consequences | Consequences | ||
Polytheists' defeat and withdrawal in the Battle of Khandaq paralyzed them in a way that it was impossible for them to rearrange their army and devise another scheme for a fight. Moreover, it built up the newly-established Islamic government of Medina. After the death of 'Amr b. 'Abd Wudd by Ali (a) or after the polytheists' defeat which occurred two or three days after Amr's death, the Prophet of Islam (s) said: "We will make war against them afterwards, and they will not go to war with us". The same as what the Prophet (s) said happened until God released Mecca by his Prophet (s). | Polytheists' defeat and withdrawal in the Battle of Khandaq paralyzed them in a way that it was impossible for them to rearrange their army and devise another scheme for a fight. Moreover, it built up the newly-established Islamic government of Medina. After the death of 'Amr b. 'Abd Wudd by Ali (a) or after the polytheists' defeat which occurred two or three days after Amr's death, the Prophet of Islam (s) said: "We will make war against them afterwards, and they will not go to war with us". The same as what the Prophet (s) said happened until God released Mecca by his Prophet (s). | ||
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The blockade of Muslims kept on for fifteen days. Except for the siege and shooting, no fighting took place during this period. The Prophet (s) had selected Ibn Maktum as his stand-in in Medina. | The blockade of Muslims kept on for fifteen days. Except for the siege and shooting, no fighting took place during this period. The Prophet (s) had selected Ibn Maktum as his stand-in in Medina. | ||
Muslims had six martyrs during this war, and eight people of polytheists were killed. The Quran 2:214 [ | Muslims had six martyrs during this war, and eight people of polytheists were killed. The Quran 2:214 <ref>Do you suppose that you shall enter paradise though there has not yet come to you the like of [what befell] those who went before you? Stress and distress befell them and they were convulsed until the apostle and the faithful who were with him said, ‘When will Allah’s help [come]?’ Look! Allah’s help is indeed near! </ref>, Qur'an 4:51-55, Qur'an 33:9-25 point to Battle of Khandaq. | ||
==Constructions of Some Mosques at War Place== | ==Constructions of Some Mosques at War Place== | ||
On Mount Dhubab (well-known as Jabal al-Raya), about 1400 meters away from the Northwest of al-Masjid al-Nabawi and 150 meters far from the North of Mount Sal', there is a mosque which recently was renewed and repaired, so-called as Masjid al-Raya. It is the area where the Prophet (s) supervised digging the trench from, had put up his tent and said prayers. | On Mount Dhubab (well-known as Jabal al-Raya), about 1400 meters away from the Northwest of al-Masjid al-Nabawi and 150 meters far from the North of Mount Sal', there is a mosque which recently was renewed and repaired, so-called as Masjid al-Raya. It is the area where the Prophet (s) supervised digging the trench from, had put up his tent and said prayers. | ||
Other mosques by the names of Masjid al-Fath (also known as Masjid al-Ahzab or Masjid al-A'la) were built on Mount Sal' around seven hundred meters away al-Masjid al-Nabawi, where the Prophet's (s) tent had been put up, a place in which he said prayers, monitored everything, and received God's blessing promise of victory over the polytheists.[ | Other mosques by the names of Masjid al-Fath (also known as Masjid al-Ahzab or Masjid al-A'la) were built on Mount Sal' around seven hundred meters away al-Masjid al-Nabawi, where the Prophet's (s) tent had been put up, a place in which he said prayers, monitored everything, and received God's blessing promise of victory over the polytheists. <ref>Certainly Allah has fulfilled His Apostle’s vision in all truth: You will surely enter the Sacred Mosque, God willing, in safety and without any fear, with your heads shaven or hair cropped. So He knew what you did not know, and He assigned [you] besides that a victory near at hand. Qur'an 48:27 </ref> This mosque along with some other mosques on the foot of Mount Sal' are famous as Masajid al-Fath or al-Masajid al-Sab'a (the seven mosques). In 1424/2003-2004, a very large mosque named Masjid al-Khandaq was constructed, having some of the seven mosques inside. | ||
Mosque of Fatima al-Zahra (a) is one of the seven mosques. Unfortunately, it has been shut off by some cement blocks for a long time. | Mosque of Fatima al-Zahra (a) is one of the seven mosques. Unfortunately, it has been shut off by some cement blocks for a long time. | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||