Draft:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Jadid
| Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Jadid | |
|---|---|
| Name | Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Jadid |
| Other Names | Sharif Abu Jadid |
| Personal Details | |
| Birth Place | Hadhramaut, Yemen |
| Brith Date | {{{birth_date}}} |
| Death Place | Mecca |
| Death Date | 620 AH (1223 CE) |
| Teachers | Salim ibn Fadl
|
| Students | Muhammad ibn Ali Baalawi
|
| Religion | Islam |
Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Jadid (died 620 AH [1223 CE]) was one of the nobles of Hadhramaut[1] and during his time, he had widespread fame in Islamic countries and lands, as he traveled extensively to India, Iraq, Hejaz, Yemen, and Tihamah. He lived in Yemen for teaching and gained fame there, and people from all over Yemen gathered around him to learn the science of Hadith. He was known among his family as "Sharif Abu Jadid"[2]. He went to Iraq to establish the lineage of the Alavid Sayyids.
Lineage
Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Jadid ibn Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Jadid ibn Ubaydallah ibn Ahmad al-Muhajir ibn Isa ibn Muhammad al-Naqib ibn Ali al-Uraydi ibn Ja'far ibn Muhammad (al-Sadiq) ibn Muhammad ibn Ali (Baqir al-Ulum) ibn Ali ibn al-Husayn (Zayn al-Abidin) ibn al-Husayn al-Sibt ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, and Ali is the husband of Fatimah bint Muhammad (al-Zahra) daughter of Muhammad ibn Abdullah (Khatam al-Anbiya) (peace be upon him and his progeny).[3] He is the sixteenth grandson of Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny).
Birth and Upbringing
He was born in Hadhramaut, memorized the Quran, and then worked in Islamic and Arabic sciences. Then, after research, he went to Yemen, Damascus, and Iraq and met with several people.[4]
Teachers
Some of his teachers include:
- Salim ibn Fadl
- Muhammad ibn Ismail ibn Abi al-Sayf
- Ibrahim ibn Ahmad al-Quraydi
- Mudaafi ibn Ahmad al-Maayani
Students
Some of his students include:[5]
- Muhammad ibn Ali Baalawi
- Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Hadrami
- Muhammad ibn Masoud al-Saffali
- Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Nasir al-Himyari
- Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Junayd
- Hasan ibn Rashid
- Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Fashli
- Amr ibn Ali al-Taba'i
Activities
He was primarily concerned with the dissemination and realization of the science of Hadith. He was the first person to omit the isnad (chain of narration) of hadith, although some others are introduced as the first omitters of hadith isnad. When hadith narrators mentioned the chain of narration up to the Prophet when narrating traditions. But Sharif Abu Jadid omitted the chain for brevity and wrote: 'an Rasul Allah (PBUH). And writers followed him and accepted this method. He collected many hadiths and delivered forty lectures on the virtues of deeds and also authored other books.[6]
His Role in Proving the Lineage of the Alavids
Hadhramaut in past centuries was under the influence of Ibadis, and there was a long-standing enmity between them and the Sunni, and they tried to harm righteous and Sunni scholars from inside and outside and sought help from external invaders such as Uthman al-Zanjabili and Umar ibn Mahdi. In these conditions, Abu Jadid went to Iraq and there testified to the lineage of the Alavid Sayyids of Hadhramaut before the scholars and judges of Basra and proved it, and 100 Iraqi pilgrims to Mecca in that year, who testified in it, and brought legal documents in the year 591 AH (1195 CE) to Hadhramaut, and the Imams and scholars of Hadhramaut confirmed them in turn.[7] This method of stabilization is the highest method of proving lineage; because people merely rely on a genealogy tree that exists with fame among tribes.[8]
References
- ↑ Al-Jundi, Muhammad ibn Yusuf (1416 AH). Al-Suluk fi Tabaqat al-Ulama wa al-Muluk (PDF). Part II. Sana'a, Yemen: Maktabat al-Irshad. p. 135. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 August 2021.
- ↑ Al-Rasuli, Al-Malik Al-Afdal (1425 AH). Al-Ataya al-Saniyya wa al-Mawahib al-Haniyya fi al-Manaqib al-Yamaniyya (PDF). Sana'a, Yemen: Ministry of Culture and Tourism. p. 460.
- ↑ Bamakhrama, Al-Tayyib ibn Abdullah (1411 AH). Tarikh Thaghr Aden. Part II. Cairo, Egypt: Maktabat Madbouli. p. 157.
- ↑ Khard, Muhammad ibn Ali (2002). Ghurar al-Baha al-Dawi wa Durar al-Jamal al-Badi al-Bahi. Cairo, Egypt: Al-Azhariyya Library for Heritage. pp. 154, 466.
- ↑ Al-Ahdal, Husayn ibn Abd al-Rahman. Tuhfat al-Zaman fi Tarikh Sadat al-Yemen. Part I. Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: Al-Majma al-Thaqafi. p. 459.
- ↑ Al-Shami, Ahmad ibn Muhammad (1407 AH). Tarikh al-Yemen al-Fikri fi al-Asr al-Abbasi. Part III. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Nafa'is. p. 286.
- ↑ Bahannan, Muhammad ibn Ali (1420 AH). Jawahir Tarikh al-Ahqaf (PDF). Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Dar al-Minhaj. p. 401.
- ↑ Al-Shatiri, Muhammad ibn Ahmad (1415 AH). Adwar al-Tarikh al-Hadrami. Part I. Medina, Saudi Arabia: Dar al-Muhajir. p. 206.
Travels
After studying in Tarim in 592 AH (1196 CE)[1], although Tarim was known at that time for its abundance of scholars, he went to Hejaz and elsewhere to continue acquiring knowledge and stayed in Mecca, where he began teaching books of the Sunni. When his brother Abdullah passed away in Tarim in 608 AH (1211 CE), prominent figures of Tarim, including Muhammad bin Abi al-Hubb, who wrote his famous letter to him in Hadhrami literature, asked him to return to Tarim. Thus, Ibn Jadid returned to his homeland.
Then he went to Yemen and stayed there for many years, and seekers of knowledge benefited from him. He went to Aden and met Qadi Ibrahim bin Ahmad al-Qaridi and learned the book Al-Mustasfa fi Sanad al-Mustafa[2] from him. He and his brother Abd al-Malik were determined to go to Shaykh Dafi' bin Ahmad al-Ma'ini and acquire knowledge from him. So they went to "Al-Wahiz", the city of the teacher, and stayed there for a while; the teacher also married his two daughters to them. After that, they settled in Wadi Dhi Hazim. Afterwards, they were always with the teacher. Teacher Dafi' bin Ahmad al-Ma'ini also bestowed the khirqah (Sufi cloak) upon them and they studied many books with him. His brother Abd al-Malik passed away in 614 AH (1217 CE) in the village of Al-Wahiz.[3]
Due to a disagreement between him and his teacher Dafi' with King Mas'ud al-Ayyubi, an order for their arrest was issued in Ramadan 617 AH (1220 CE), and they were imprisoned in Taizz Castle and remained in prison until the end of Rabi' al-Awwal, then they were sent to Aden and afterwards to India. They stayed for two months in the port of Dabul, India, and there they found great respect among the people.[4] Afterwards, in the month of Ramadan 618 AH (1221 CE), they traveled to Yemen again and entered Zafar (which is now called Salalah) and lived there for 18 days. Shaykh Dafi' passed away there and his shrine is famous there. Then Abu Jadid returned to Yemen and went to the city of Zabid, then went towards Al-Mahjam and stayed for a while in the village of Al-Marjaf, a dependency of Sardd, and taught, then he went to Mecca and passed away there.[5]
Death
He lived in Mecca in his later years and engaged in teaching until he passed away in 620 AH (1223 CE).[6]
Notes
- ↑ Shanbal, Ahmad bin Abdullah (1424 AH). Tarikh Shanbal. Sana'a, Yemen: Maktabat Sana'a al-Athariyah. p. 57.
- ↑ Al-Fasi, Muhammad bin Ahmad (1419 AH). Al-Iqd al-Thamin fi Tarikh al-Balad al-Amin (PDF). Vol. 5. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah. p. 304.
- ↑ Al-Shali, Muhammad bin Abi Bakr (1402 AH). Al-Mashra' al-Rawi fi Manaquib al-Sadah al-Kiram Al Abi Alawi (PDF). Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). p. 508. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 December 2020.
- ↑ Al-Khazraji, Ali bin Hasan (1430 AH). Al-Iqd al-Fakhir al-Hasan fi Tabaqat Akabir Ahl al-Yemen. Vol. 3. Sana'a, Yemen: Maktabat al-Jil al-Jadid. p. 1486.
- ↑ Bamakhrama, al-Tayyib bin Abdullah (1428 AH). Qiladat al-Nahr fi Wafayat A'yan al-Dahr (PDF). Vol. 5. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Dar al-Manhaj. p. 78.
- ↑ Al-Habashi, Ahmad bin Zayn. Sharh al-Ayniyyah. Singapore: Kerjaya Limited Press. p. 140.
References
Al-Mashhur, Abu Bakr bin Ali (1422 AH). Al-Ashraf Banu Jadid Silsilat A'lam Hadhramaut 4 (PDF). Aden, Yemen: Cultural Creativity Center for Studies and Heritage Service.
Al-Hamid, Salih bin Ali (1423 AH). Tarikh Hadhramaut. Vol. 2. Sana'a, Yemen: Maktabat al-Irshad. p. 701.