Draft:Martyr of Fakh
| Martyr of Fakh | |
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| Name | Martyr of Fakh |
| Personal Details | |
| Birth Place | {{{birth_place}}} |
| Death Date | 169 AH |
| Religion | Islam |
Hussein bin Ali, known as the Martyr of Fakh, was a grandson of Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba (peace be upon him). He was one of the prominent, virtuous, and courageous figures of the Hashemite lineage. He was a devout, generous, and noble man, considered a famous and distinguished figure in terms of sublime human qualities.
He was born to a virtuous and chaste father and mother, who were known as the "Righteous Couple" due to their sublime human qualities, and was raised in a family of virtue, piety, and courage.
His father, uncle, grandfather, maternal uncle, and several other relatives had been martyred by Al-Mansur al-Dawaniqi, and this great family, which had sacrificed several of its men in the fight against the enemies of Islam, was constantly immersed in deep grief and sorrow.
Hussein, having been raised in such a family, never forgot the memory of the martyrdom of his father and relatives at the hands of the executioners of "Al-Mansur", and the remembrance of their martyrdom deeply distressed his passionate and brave heart, which was filled with anti-Abbasid sentiments, but due to unfavorable conditions and circumstances, he was forced into a painful silence.
His feelings had been previously hurt, the tyrannies of Al-Hadi and especially the governor of Medina, overflowed his cup of patience and led him to rise against the government of Al-Hadi.
He rose up in Medina and took control of it, then went to Mecca to utilize the gathering of the Hajj season against the Banu Abbas, but he faced Al-Hadi's army in the land of Fakh and in an unequal war, he and his companions were martyred.
Who Was the Martyr of Fakh
Hussein bin Ali bin Hasan al-Muthallath, a descendant of Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba (peace be upon him), was born in the year 143 AH in Medina. He is one of the devout and exalted figures of the family of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny), whose virtue and courage were evident to all. History regards him as a devout, generous, and noble man who was considered a famous and distinguished figure in terms of sublime human qualities.
His father and mother were known as the Righteous Couple, and their virtue and chastity were renowned among both the elite and the common people. Many of the Martyr of Fakh's relatives, including his father, uncle, and maternal uncle, were martyred by Al-Mansur al-Dawaniqi.
Background of the Uprising of Martyr Fakh
The martyrdom of relatives and close kin of this honorable man, and the oppression and tyranny of the Abbasid dynasty, always deeply distressed his passionate and courageous soul, which was filled with anti-Abbasid sentiments, but due to unfavorable conditions, he was forced into a painful silence. However, the tyranny of Al-Hadi Abbasid and the Governor of Medina, who was a descendant of Umar ibn al-Khattab, overflowed his cup of patience. This was because Al-Hadi Abbasid had increased pressure and hardship on the Alavids to the highest level, cutting off all allowances and grants that his father, Al-Mahdi Abbasid, had given them, and wrote to all regions to pursue them and send them to him.
Also, the new governor of Medina had ordered that the Alavids go to the Dar al-Imarah every day and be roll-called in a humiliating manner. All these tyrannies committed against the Shia and Alavids caused Hussein and his companions to decide to start an uprising during the Hajj season, but after threats from the Governor of Medina, the uprising began on the 13th of Dhu al-Qi'dah.
The Martyr of Fakh, in the morning during prayer, along with 26 of the Alavids and several pilgrims and clients, entered the Mosque of Medina with the slogan "Ahad, Ahad" and compelled the Muezzin to recite the Adhan in the Shia style with the mention of "Hayya ala khayril amal". The Governor of Medina, upon hearing the sound of the Adhan, was terrified and fled Medina. The morning Prayer was held with the imamate of Hussein bin Ali in the Medina Mosque, and people pledged allegiance to him after the prayer, but after a few hours, Khalid Barbary, the commander of the city's forces, attacked the mosque. This attack also resulted in the defeat of the forces and Khalid Barbary, and according to historians, in the year 169 AH (785 CE), in a battle that took place in Medina, Hussein and his companions achieved victory and managed to take control of the city of Medina.[citation needed]
It is said that the Uprising of Fakh occurred ten months after Al-Hadi Abbasid came to power. When news of the Uprising of the Martyr of Fakh reached Al-Hadi Abbasid, he ordered some of the Abbasid elders who had gone for Hajj to confront Hussein bin Ali and placed the command of the war in the hands of Muhammad bin Sulayman.[citation needed]
The Martyr of Fakh, who after taking control of Medina intended to depart for the House of God with his companions, reached a place called Fakh, located north of Mecca and four kilometers from the Masjid al-Haram, on the 8th of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah. On the other hand, the Abbasids faced Hussein's army at Fakh with a force of 4,000 soldiers.[citation needed] It is said that Hussein bin Ali and his companions were martyred after reciting prayer and while in the state of Ihram. The Abbasids, according to their savage nature, severed the heads of the martyrs from their bodies, and the people of Mecca were able to bury the bodies of the martyrs after three days.[citation needed] The greatness of the Uprising of Fakh is sufficient in that Hazrat Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him) said: After the event of Karbala, there was no greater battlefield of martyrdom for us than Fakh.
And Imam Musa al-Kadhim (peace be upon him) also wept for the martyrs of Fakh and requested severe death and punishment from God the Exalted upon their killers, and always comforted the survivors of the martyrs of Fakh.
This incident is considered one of the bitterest incidents in the history of Shiism and the uprisings of the Alavids. After the Uprising of the Owner of Fakh, the Governor of Medina set fire to the houses and palm groves of Hussein and his companions and confiscated some of them.[citation needed]
The Prophet's Foretelling of the Event of Martyr Fakh
During the Abbasid Caliphate, many of the Hasanid Sayyids were martyred. Mr. Hussein bin Ali bin Hassan Muthallath is among the Hasanid Alavids who fought for the survival of Islam and were martyred with his companions. The interesting point in his martyrdom is that years before, the event of his martyrdom had been announced by Gabriel to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny).[citation needed]
In a narration from Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (peace be upon him), it is reported that he said: When Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny) passed through the location of Fakh, he stopped and prayed. After reciting the second rak'ah, he wept heavily, and the Companions also wept heavily. When they asked the reason, Hazrat said: Gabriel brought me news that O Muhammad, a man from your descendants will be killed here, whose reward for every martyr accompanying him is equal to two martyrs.[citation needed]
Also in another narration, Imam al-Kadhim (peace be upon him) says: By God's oath, he went and was martyred while he was a pious Muslim, fasting, and enjoining good and forbidding evil; indeed, he is not found in his family.[citation needed]
Tomb of the Martyrs of Fakh
The burial place of the Martyrs of Fakh is located on the slope of Mount Fakh; however, nothing remains of their tomb except ruins, as it was destroyed by Wahhabis. The portion that remained intact was hidden from view forever in 1381 SH (2002–2003 CE) by a wall constructed around it.