Jump to content

Draft:Ja'far al-Tayyar

Add links
From Wikivahdat
Revision as of 08:47, 6 June 2026 by Translationbot (talk | contribs) (ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Ja'far al-Tayyar
File:Ja'far al-Tayyar.jpg
NameJa'far al-Tayyar
Personal Details
Birth PlaceMecca
Death DateJumada al-Awwal
ReligionIslam

Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, kunya Abu Abdillah and titled al-Tayyar, cousin of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) and brother of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and among the great martyrs of early Islam. He was one of the prominent figures of Islam and is presented as a model of faith, action, jihad, and martyrdom.


Summary of the Biography of Ja'far al-Tayyar

Ja'far, son of Abu Talib and Fatimah bint Asad, known as Ja'far al-Tayyar, his kunya was Abu Abdillah[1]. The Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny) also gave him the title Abu al-Masakin because he associated frequently with the poor[2].

Ja'far was the brother of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), Aqil, Talib, and the cousin of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny). According to historical reports, he was born 20 years before the Bi'thah, while he was ten years younger than Aqil and ten years older than Ali (peace be upon him)[3].

Ja'far is among the great martyrs of early Islam who, after having both hands cut off in the Battle of Mu'tah [4] and his martyrdom, is known as "Dhu al-Janahayn"[5] and Ja'far al-Tayyar [6].

When a drought occurred in Mecca and Abu Talib faced financial hardship, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) suggested to Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib to go to his brother Abu Talib and bring Ja'far to his own house to take guardianship of him. Abbas accepted this suggestion, went to Abu Talib, and brought Ja'far to his home. Ja'far grew up under the guardianship of his uncle until he accepted Islam, after which he became independent[7].


Wife and Children

The name of Ja'far's wife was Asma bint Umays ibn Nu'man, from whom he had children named Abdullah, Muhammad, and Awn, all of whom were born in Abyssinia[8].

Some sources also add four other children named Muhammad al-Asghar, Humayd, Husayn, Abdullah al-Asghar from the same mother to his children and claim that they were also born in Abyssinia[9].


Conversion to Islam

There is disagreement regarding the time of his conversion to Islam. According to one report, he accepted Islam before the age of twenty[10]. It is said he was the second person to become Muslim after Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and along with his brother performed the first congregational prayer led by the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny)[11].

Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) also says in this regard: The first congregational prayer that the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny) established, only the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) was with Him, and Abu Talib told Ja'far to join them in the congregational prayer[12].

However, some believe he was the third[13], twenty-sixth[14], or thirty-second person to become Muslim[15].


Virtues and Characteristics of Ja'far al-Tayyar

Ja'far, in his time, was the most similar people to the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny) in terms of beauty and ethics[16]. Ali (peace be upon him) had a special devotion to his brother Ja'far, such that if Abdullah ibn Ja'far made a request from Him and swore by the life of Ja'far, He would not reject his request[17].

Ja'far was an orator, brave and courageous, gnostic, generous and benevolent man whose circle of generosity included everyone. He observed rights[18].

Prayer of Ja'far al-Tayyar which is among the emphasized recommended prayers and advised, is a gift that the Prophet gave to Ja'far[19].

It is narrated from Imam Ali (peace be upon him) that the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny) said: Prophets before me had seven ministers, deputies, and disciples, but God gave me fourteen disciples and deputies: Hamzah, Ja'far, Imam Ali (peace be upon him), Imam Hasan (peace be upon him), Imam Husayn (peace be upon him), and ...[20].

Ja'far holds such a position that after the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) and Infallible Imams (peace be upon them), he will be among the first to join the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) at the Pool of Kawthar[21].

The Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny) has said many words regarding Ja'far:

The best of people are Hamzah, Ja'far, and Ali (peace be upon him)[22].

People are from various trees, and I and Ja'far are from one tree[23].

O God! Ja'far sent the best reward to You. You also place the best individuals in his progeny[24].

I and these sons of Abd al-Muttalib are the nobles of the people of Paradise: Hamzah, Ja'far, Ali (peace be upon him), Fatimah (peace be upon her), and the Two Hasans (peace be upon them)[25].

In another narration, instead of Lady Fatimah (peace be upon her), the name Imam al-Mahdi (may God hasten his reappearance) is mentioned[26].

Ibn Abbas says: We were with the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny) when he responded to a greeting and then said to Asma: This Ja'far along with Gabriel, Michael, and Angels greeted me and I responded to them.

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) allocated fifty loads of date produce from Khaybar annually for Ja'far[27].

Martyrdom of Ja'far al-Tayyar

Ja'far, after returning to Medina, participated in the Battle of Mu'tah, which took place in the eighth year of the Hijrah[28], and after the martyrdom of زید بن حارثه, he took command of the Islamic army[29]. However, some reports indicate that the command was entrusted to Ja'far from the beginning[30].

After years of struggle and effort in defense of the nascent Islam, he was finally martyred in this battle at the age of forty-one[31] or forty-five[32]. It is reported that in the Battle of Mu'tah, Ja'far sustained about ninety wounds[33], and according to another report, his body was split in two by the blow of one of the Romans[34]. It is said that he was the first Muslim who hamstrung his mount in the battlefield[35].

In any case, it was after his martyrdom that the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) said: "God gave Ja'far two wings in place of his two hands, with which he flies wherever he wishes in Paradise"[36].

Upon Ja'far's martyrdom, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) came to his house, informed his wife Asma' of his martyrdom, and wept with her in mourning for Ja'far. Then Lady Fatimah (peace be upon her) entered weeping. The Prophet said: "It is fitting for eyes to weep over such a death"[37].

It is narrated from Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) that after Ja'far's martyrdom, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) told Fatimah (peace be upon her) to prepare lunch and dinner for Asma' for three days, and to go to console her with other female relatives and stay in her house; from here, a religious tradition was formed to send food for the mourners for three days[38].


Burial Place

Ja'far was buried in one grave along with Zayd ibn Harithah and Abdullah ibn Rawahah[39]. Visiting Ja'far in the region of Mu'tah is recommended and advised[40].


Footnotes

Template:پانویس

رده:شخصیت‌ها رده:صحابه

  1. ↑ Ibn Abd al-Barr, Yusuf ibn Abdullah, al-Isti'ab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab, research by al-Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, Vol. 1, p. 242, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, First Edition, 1412 AH
  2. ↑ Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Ahmad ibn Ali, al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah, research by Abd al-Mawjud, Adel Ahmad, Mu'awwad, Ali Muhammad, Vol. 7, p. 309, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, First Edition, 1415 AH
  3. ↑ al-Isti'ab, Vol. 1, p. 242
  4. ↑ Battle of Mu'tah, a battle that took place in the 8th year AH and during the lifetime of Messenger of God (peace be upon him) between Muslims and Roman Empire. See: "Commander of the Army of the Battle of Mu'tah", 44912
  5. ↑ al-Isti'ab, Vol. 1, p. 242
  6. ↑ Ibn Hisham, Abd al-Malik, al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, research by al-Saqqa, Mustafa, al-Abyari, Ibrahim, Shalabi, Abd al-Hafiz, Vol. 1, p. 505, Beirut, Dar al-Ma'rifah, First Edition, n.d.
  7. ↑ Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk (Tarikh Tabari), research by Ibrahim, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, Vol. 2, p. 313, Beirut, Dar al-Turath, Second Edition, 1387 AH
  8. ↑ Ibn Sa'd Katib al-Waqidi, Muhammad ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, research by Ata, Muhammad Abd al-Qadir, Vol. 4, p. 25, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, First Edition, 1410 AH
  9. ↑ Ibn Inabah Hasani, Sayyid Ahmad ibn Ali, Umdat al-Talib fi Ansab Al Abi Talib, p. 35, Qom, Ansarian, 1417 AH
  10. ↑ Muqaddasi, Mutahhar ibn Tahir, al-Bad' wa al-Tarikh, Vol. 5, p. 99, Port Said, Maktabat al-Thaqafah al-Diniyyah, n.d.
  11. ↑ Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad, Usd al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifat al-Sahabah, Vol. 1, p. 341, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1409 AH
  12. ↑ Shaykh Saduq, al-Amali, p. 508, Beirut, A'lami, Fifth Edition, 1400 AH
  13. ↑ Ibn Asakir, Ali ibn Hasan, Tarikh Madinat Dimashq wa Dhikr Fadlha wa Tasmiyat man Hallaha min al-Amathil aw Ijtaza bi-Nawahiha min Waridiha wa Ahliha, researcher, Shiri, Ali, Vol. 72, p. 125, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, First Edition, 1415 AH
  14. ↑ al-Isabah, Vol. 1, p. 592
  15. ↑ Usd al-Ghabah, Vol. 1, p. 341
  16. ↑ al-Isti'ab, Vol. 1, p. 244
  17. ↑ Abu Nu'aym Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Isbahani, Hilyat al-Awliya wa Tabaqat al-Asfiya, researcher, corrector, Shafi'i Kadkani, Muhammad Reza, Vol. 1, p. 114, Cairo, Dar Umm al-Qura for Printing and Publishing, First Edition, n.d.
  18. ↑ Abu Nu'aym Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Isbahani, Hilyat al-Awliya wa Tabaqat al-Asfiya, researcher, corrector, Shafi'i Kadkani, Muhammad Reza, Vol. 1, p. 114, Cairo, Dar Umm al-Qura for Printing and Publishing, First Edition, n.d.
  19. ↑ "Prayer of Ja'far al-Tayyar", 47577
  20. ↑ Usd al-Ghabah, Vol. 1, p. 342
  21. ↑ Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 36, p. 295, Beirut, Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi, Second Edition, 1403 AH
  22. ↑ Abu al-Faraj, Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Isfahani, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, researcher, Saqr, Sayyid Ahmad, p. 34, Beirut, Dar al-Ma'rifah, n.d.
  23. ↑ Abu al-Faraj, Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Isfahani, Maqatil al-Talibiyyin, researcher, Saqr, Sayyid Ahmad, p. 35, Beirut, Dar al-Ma'rifah, n.d.
  24. ↑ Shaybani, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hanbal, Fada'il al-Sahabah, Vol. 2, p. 1125, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-Risalah, First Edition, 1403 AH
  25. ↑ Tarikh Madinat Dimashq, Vol. 72, p. 127
  26. ↑ Tarikh Madinat Dimashq, Vol. 72, p. 127
  27. ↑ al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, Vol. 4, p. 30
  28. ↑ الاستیعاب، ج ‏1، ص 242
  29. ↑ السیرة النبویة، ج ‏2، ص 373
  30. ↑ یعقوبی، احمد بن أبی یعقوب‏، تاریخ الیعقوبی، ج 2، ص 65، بیروت، دار صادر، بیروت، چاپ اول، بی‌تا
  31. ↑ الاستیعاب، ج ‏1، ص 245
  32. ↑ تاریخ مدینة دمشق، ج ‏72، ص 135
  33. ↑ الاستیعاب، ج ‏1، ص 243
  34. ↑ مقریزی، تقی الدین‏، امتاع الاسماع بما للنبی من الأحوال و الأموال و الحفدة و المتاع‏، تحقیق، نمیسی، محمد عبدالحمید، ج 1، ص 340، بیروت، دار الکتب العلمیة، چاپ اول، 1420ق؛ الطبقات ‏الکبری، ج ‏4، ص 29
  35. ↑ الإصابة، ج 1، ص 593
  36. ↑ بلاذری، احمد بن یحیی، انساب الاشراف، تحقیق، زکار، سهیل، زرکلی، ج 2، ص 43، ریاض، بیروت، دار الفکر، چاپ اول، 1417ق
  37. ↑ الاستیعاب، ج ‏1، ص 243
  38. ↑ برقی، ابوجعفر احمد بن محمد بن خالد، محاسن، محقق، مصحح، محدث، جلال‌الدین، ج 2، ص 419، ‏ قم، دار الکتب الإسلامیة، چاپ دوم، 1371ق
  39. ↑ عمدة الطالب، ص 35 - 36
  40. ↑ بحار الأنوار، ج ‏97، ص 222
Retrieved from "https://en.wikivahdat.com/w/index.php?title=Draft:Ja%27far_al-Tayyar&oldid=3620"