Draft:Sayyid Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi

Template:جعبه اطلاعات شخصیت Sayyid Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi, Shia Zaidi cleric, politician and military leader, former member of the Yemeni Parliament from Al-Haq Party between 1993 AD to 1997 AD, leader of the Zaidis of Yemen until 2004 AD and founder of the Yemeni Ansar Allah movement. His father Badreddin al-Houthi, was one of the most prominent religious authorities of the Shia Zaidi sect in Yemen, to which President Ali Abdullah Saleh also belongs.

Overview

Opinions differ regarding Sayyid Hussein's birth year, and his birth was between 1956 to August 20, 1959. Sha'ban 1379 AH / February 1960, the latter being the most probable. He was born in al-Sayfi village in the Haydan district of Saada Governorate, located 240 km northwest of Sanaa. He comes from an authentic scholarly family and one of the Alavi Hashemi families known in Yemen Lebanon, most of whose children are religious scholars and their ancestors are counted among religious authorities in Yemeni history. He was raised under the care of his father, the Scholar Hujjat Badreddin bin Amiruddin al-Houthi, one of the respected Zaidi authorities in Saada, alongside the Scholar Hujjat Majiduddin al-Muayyadi (may God have mercy on him). He learned various sciences of Sharia from his father and a group of Zaidi scholars until he became distinguished among the celebrities of his time and still is. His life was approved by prominent Zaidi scholars, and he accompanied his father in homes and travels, deriving praised ethics and beautiful virtues from him, and possessed specific qualities and characteristics of perfections. He was the brother of Yahya Badreddin al-Houthi and Sayyid Abdul-Malik al-Houthi. According to "Abdul-Rahim al-Hamran", who married one of Hussein al-Houthi's sisters, Hussein's grandfather was Allamah Amiruddin, who stood up against oppressors and took a decisive position, announcing at that time that Friday prayers should not be prayed for oppressive rulers; because praying for tyrants and oppressors whitens their faces (makes them look good). But Hussein al-Houthi's father also paid great attention to political issues and was always following current political matters. His uncle Abdul-Karim al-Houthi was martyred during the events of 1962 in the mosque.

Education

He was educated by his father Sayyid Badreddin al-Houthi, a scholar of the Quran, and spent his initial studies in the field of study, religious responsibility, ideal ethics, Jihad and courage there. Afterwards, he went to the Faculty of Sharia at the University of Sanaa and obtained a bachelor's degree in Sharia and Law. Al-Houthi also went to one of the universities in Sudan to prepare for a master's degree in Quranic Sciences, and in 2000 he obtained his master's degree with excellent rank, but after receiving his degrees and scientific ranks, he tore them up, because he believed that academic degrees were actually nothing but interference in work and an obstacle to political and revolutionary activity. Some sources have confirmed that he completed his university studies and obtained a master's and doctorate outside of Yemen! During his university studies in Sudan, he had a strong presence in works, activities, and insightful scientific debates. Colleagues, professors, and friends testified to his intelligence, growth, progress, and expansion in Islamic and sectarian studies. For this reason, he was praised and commended by doctors and students and enjoyed a prominent position and great popularity among intellectual circles. One of the notable points in al-Houthi's personality is that he spent his education in Sunni religious schools, while he belongs to an old Shia Zaidi family and joined "scientific institutions" that were previously managed by the Muslim Brotherhood movement, and this indicates his sectarian rapprochement spirit.

Religion

They are from a Hashemi family whose lineage goes back to Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him). As for his father, the Scholar Badreddin al-Houthi, he is the most prominent scholar and authority of the Zaidi sect in Yemen. Sayyid Hussein learned Zaidi beliefs from his father and his own religious scholars in Saada. He lived with the Quran from childhood and was raised in a Quranic home, and at a stage of life God granted him reasons to live with the Quran. An aware thinker, thinker and humble who suffered from the reality of the nation and was looking for a solution.

Activities

Sayyid Hussein established the "Maran Social Charity Association" with the aim of serving the community, and he always strove for its development, and through this presented many projects, the most important of which were: constructing the large Maran pharmacy and equipping it with medical equipment and technical staff, and constructing many official and religious schools...

In 1993, Mr. Houthi entered the House of Representatives on the list of "Al-Haq Party" and played an important role, particularly in activities regarding anti-corruption laws. He would not sign or approve any resolution that he believed would not benefit the people, but rather would be divided among the owners of power and influence.

In 1994, Sayyid played a prominent role in the crisis that arose following the unification of Yemen, as he supported reconciliation between the two conflicting parties and thereby saved Yemen from a bloody war.

However, after knowing that the authorities would not stop trying to create conflict, he and his companions tried to behave in such a way that they would by no means be complicit in the bloodshed he was eager to prevent. Despite the house arrest imposed on him for supporting War, he left Saada, but insisted on his position and led many demonstrations against the then-government of Yemen, until they confronted him with military force and arrested many of the demonstrators and his supporters. They even destroyed his house. Afterwards, while he was in the House of Representatives, Sayyid received a scholarship to Sudan and completed his graduate studies there, pursuing his cultural and political activities in the academic community, and after several years returned to Yemen and continued.

Sayyid was known for his anti-Arrogance positions, as decades earlier he had warned Yemenis about the ambitions of America in Yemen and for this reason, he was the first person to raise the slogan "God is Great, Death to America, Death to America" Death to Israel, Curse upon the Jews, Victory to Islam".

After the then-President of Yemen participated in an unusual meeting of the eight industrialized countries in the state of Georgia, America, Mr. Houthi was surprised and realized that a war was being prepared. Mr. Hussein Houthi always tried to make everyone understand the validity of his positions and warned the President of Yemen that if he separated [from the people], he would meet the fate of the Shah of Iran who became separated from his people.

Political activity

• In 1990, Hussein and his father joined a number of Zaidiyyah leaders to establish the Al-Haq party, and following the efforts of the ruling regimes of Yemen and Saudi Arabia to create division among the leaders of this party, they terminated their membership. In addition to them, suddenly three thousand people left this party because the effort to reform the party from within had failed.
• In 1992, Houthi decided to engage in political work as the founder of the opposition "Al-Haq Party", which was composed of scholars, intellectuals, and tribes affiliated with the Zaidi sect, who were the source of its origin, legal sciences, and political history.
• The Yemeni Socialist Party, "the partner of the then-government", supported the establishment of the Al-Haq party within the framework of its own political calculations and its desire to create political forces with a religious orientation to confront its main rival.
• In 1993, Houthi won one of the seats of the House of Representatives for the Al-Haq Party in Saada Province in the parliamentary elections.
• He withdrew from candidacy in the 1997 elections to devote himself to promoting and establishing the "Believing Youth" association, which attracted many Zaidi sect intellectuals.
• Colleagues, professors, and friends of Houthi testify to his intelligence, scientific superiority, and expansion in Islamic and sectarian studies, but they criticize him for extremism and sectarian prejudice.
• He was a member of the House of Representatives for the Maran district in Saada from 1993 AD to 1997 AD, and after leaving the House of Representatives, he devoted himself to spreading his beliefs and ideas through lessons, speeches, and preaching tours to the regions. Leading the "Believing Youth" organization and forming its branches, and establishing affiliated seminaries and mosques, brought prosperity to the source of the Islamic World.

Conflict

• Clashes occurred between his supporters and Yemeni forces, and security agencies arrested hundreds of his followers.
• Yemeni authorities had set a $55,000 bounty for anyone providing information leading to his arrest.
• Houthi refused to negotiate with the government and rejected mediators' initiatives to revert his sectarian extremism before the clashes began in Saada on June 18.
• He was stationed in the Maran mountains with hundreds of his supporters.
• Sana'a accused Houthi of declaring himself Amir al-Mu'minin and fueling sectarian conflicts that harm national unity, but he denied this and emphasized that his hostility towards America is what provoked the Yemeni government against him.

Hussein Houthi's Trip to Iran

In 1986, Hussein accompanied by Abdulrahim al-Hamran, his sister's husband, departed for Iran. Al-Hamran, describing the atmosphere of this trip, says: Hussein, who was a full-fledged revolutionary, made every effort to enter Iran, as Iran was going through the days of War, resulting in strict security measures being implemented there, and since Hussein was not a well-known figure at that time, he waited in Syria for over a month until he was able to find a channel to travel to Iran. After traveling to Iran, he stayed there for 18 days and was able to meet with some Iranian and Iraqi scholarly figures.

Al-Hamran quoting Hussein says: This flag, the flag of Imam Khomeini (RA), has no substitute. He even thought of joining the Badr Corps, which was being formed at that time to defend the Islamic Republic of Iran in the imposed Iraqi war by Saddam.

Death

Hussein Badreddin Houthi in the year 1425 AH corresponding to 2004 AD in the Maran region was besieged by the army of the Yemeni government led by Ali Abdullah Saleh. After a war that lasted more than eighty days, he was martyred along with his family and a group of wounded in Maran mountain due to a bomb explosion. The body of Martyr Sayyid Hussein was returned to his family in 2013 AD and buried in Maran during a ceremony. A shrine was built on his grave which was destroyed in 2015 AD due to attacks by the Saudi coalition.

See also

• Ansar Allah movement
• Yemen
• Socialist

References

• Retrieved from website alkhanadeq.org.lb
• Retrieved from website www.aljazeera.net
• Retrieved from website www.saba.ye
• Retrieved from website /shamela.ws
• Retrieved from website defapress.ir