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The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is one of the world’s leading independent institutes dedicated to research on peace, conflict, arms control, disarmament, and global security. Founded in 1966, SIPRI has become a global authority on arms transfers, military expenditure, conflict trends, and peacebuilding processes (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is a globally recognized independent institute dedicated to research on international security, conflict, arms control, and peacebuilding. Founded in 1966 and headquartered in Solna, Sweden, SIPRI has become one of the world’s most authoritative sources of open-source data on military expenditure, arms transfers, and global conflict trends (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref> Its work frequently covers regions with significant Muslim populations, such as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), providing critical data and analysis for governments, NGOs, and scholars.
</ref> Its annual SIPRI Yearbook and databases are widely used by governments, international organizations, journalists, and researchers.


1. Identification & Metadata
== 1. Identification & Metadata ==


SIPRI—Stockholm International Peace Research Institute—was founded in 1966 as an independent foundation established by the Swedish Parliament (SIPRI, 2021).<ref>SIPRI. (2021). History. https://www.sipri.org/about/history
=== Name, Founding, Legal Status ===
SIPRI was established in 1966 on the initiative of Swedish Prime Minister Tage Erlander, following recommendations by a commission chaired by Alva Myrdal (SIPRI, n.d.-b).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-b). History. https://www.sipri.org/about/history
</ref>
</ref>
The institute is an independent foundation created by a decision of the Swedish Parliament in commemoration of 150 years of Swedish peace.


Its founding was recommended by the Swedish Royal Commission chaired by Alva Myrdal, under the initiative of Swedish Prime Minister Tage Erlander (SIPRI, 2021).<ref>SIPRI. (2021). History. https://www.sipri.org/about/history
Its headquarters is located at Signalistgatan 9, Solna (Stockholm), Sweden (OnThinkTanks, 2025).<ref>OnThinkTanks. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://onthinktanks.org/think-tank/stockholm-international-peace-research-institute/
</ref>
</ref>


Legal status: Independent foundation under Swedish law.
=== Staff Size and Budget ===
 
SIPRI employs approximately 100 staff, including researchers, support staff, and visiting fellows (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
Headquarters: Signalistgatan 9, SE-169 72 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (OnThinkTanks, 2025).<ref>OnThinkTanks. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://onthinktanks.org/think-tank/stockholm-international-peace-research-institute/
</ref>
 
Staff size: Approximately 100 staff members (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref>
</ref>
 
Although detailed budgets vary, publicly available information indicates a scale consistent with medium-sized international policy institutes.
Budget: Public full budgets are seldom published; SIPRI receives core Swedish government funding and supplementary donor funding.


=== Governance ===
=== Governance ===
The Chair of the Governing Board is Stefan Löfven, former Prime Minister of Sweden (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). Governing Board members. https://www.sipri.org/about/gb
As of 2025, the Chair of the Governing Board is former Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven, and the Director is Dan Smith (Wikipedia, 2025).<ref>Wikipedia. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
</ref>
</ref>
Other board members include international figures such as Mohamed Ibn Chambas, Chan Heng Chee, Noha El-Mikawy, and Jean-Marie Guéhenno (Wikipedia, 2025).<ref>Wikipedia. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
Board members include prominent global figures such as Mohamed Ibn Chambas, Chan Heng Chee, Noha El-Mikawy, and Jean-Marie Guéhenno (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). Governing Board. https://www.sipri.org/about/governing-board
</ref>
</ref>


2. Mission, Vision & Organisational Structure
== 2. Mission, Vision & Organisational Structure ==


=== Mission and Vision ===
=== Mission and Vision ===
Line 34: Line 31:
Its mission includes:
Its mission includes:


Security and conflict research
research on security, conflict, peace, and disarmament


Policy analysis and recommendations
providing policy analysis for decision-makers


Dialogue facilitation and transparency promotion
supporting dialogue and confidence-building


Production of high-quality databases and open-source research
promoting transparency and accountability in global security


=== Structure ===
=== Organizational Structure ===
SIPRI’s organizational structure includes:
SIPRI’s structure includes:


Governing Board
Governing Board


Director & Deputy Director
Director and Deputy Director


Research Staff Collegium
Research Staff Collegium


Support staff
Administrative and Programme Support Units
(SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
 
These bodies collectively oversee the institute’s agenda, quality control, and policy outreach (SIPRI, 2006).<ref>SIPRI. (2006). SIPRI Yearbook 2006 Summary. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/19755/YB06mini.pdf
</ref>
</ref>


=== Funding Model ===
=== Funding Model ===
SIPRI is primarily funded by an annual core grant from the Swedish Government, supplemented by project-based support from European institutions, foundations, and philanthropic donors (SIPRI, 2006).<ref>SIPRI. (2006). SIPRI Yearbook 2006. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/19755/YB06mini.pdf
SIPRI receives its core funding from the Government of Sweden, supplemented by grants from international donors and philanthropic foundations (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref>
</ref>


3. Thematic & Methodological Profile
== 3. Thematic & Methodological Profile ==


=== Research Areas ===
=== Primary Research Areas ===
SIPRI’s work is organized under three main research themes (Wikipedia, 2025):<ref>Wikipedia. (2025). SIPRI. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
SIPRI structures its work under three thematic pillars (Wikipedia, 2025):<ref>Wikipedia. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
</ref>
</ref>


Line 71: Line 69:
Peace and Development
Peace and Development


Its MENA Programme specifically studies conflict drivers, peacebuilding dynamics, governance, and human security in Muslim-majority regions (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
Within these, SIPRI researches:
</ref>


=== Methodology ===
military expenditure
SIPRI’s research relies on:


Open-source government data
arms transfers


Media and official arms-transfer documentation
weapons of mass destruction


SIPRI proprietary databases
emerging military technologies


Policy analysis
cyber and space security


Statistical and longitudinal analysis
peace operations
(SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref>


It rarely uses field interviews or ethnographic data.
climate–security interactions


=== Peer Review / Publications ===
SIPRI also maintains a prominent Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Programme, addressing conflict drivers in predominantly Muslim countries (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
SIPRI outputs include the SIPRI Yearbook, working papers, policy briefs, fact sheets, and curated databases (SIPRI, 2006).<ref>SIPRI. (2006). SIPRI Yearbook 2006. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/19755/YB06mini.pdf
</ref>
</ref>


4. Representative Outputs on Muslim / MENA Issues
=== Methods ===
SIPRI’s methodology is characterized by:


Below is a sample of SIPRI products relating to Muslim-majority regions:
exclusive use of open-source data


Recent Trends in Arms Transfers in MENA (2025)
reliance on national reports, UN data, media sources
Finds that MENA accounts for over 27% of global arms imports (SIPRI, 2025).<ref>SIPRI. (2025). Recent trends in international arms transfers in MENA. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2025/recent-trends-international-arms-transfers-middle-east-and-north-africa
</ref>


SALW Controls in MENA (2022)
large quantitative databases (military expenditure, arms transfers)
Documents weak small-arms governance systems (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). Arms transfer and SALW controls. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2022/arms-transfer-and-salw-controls-middle-east-and-north-africa
</ref>


SIPRI Yearbook Chapters on MENA Conflicts (2022)
policy and trend analysis (SIPRI, 2025)<ref>SIPRI. (2025). Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2024. https://www.sipri.org/publications/2025/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-international-arms-transfers-2024
Surveys conflicts, missiles, UAVs, humanitarian consequences (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). Yearbook chapter. https://www.sipriyearbook.org/
</ref>
</ref>


Trends in International Arms Transfers 2024 (2025)
SIPRI rarely publishes qualitative fieldwork methods or human-subject research protocols.
Global military-industrial trends with regional breakdowns (SIPRI, 2025).<ref>SIPRI. (2025). Trends in International Arms Transfers 2024. https://www.sipri.org/publications/2025/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-international-arms-transfers-2024
</ref>


Towards a Regional Security Regime in the Middle East (2009)
=== Peer Review and Publications ===
Proposes regional arms control mechanisms (SIPRI, 2009).<ref>SIPRI. (2009). Towards a regional security regime. https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu
SIPRI’s main publications include:
</ref>


5. Policy Impact & Government Use
SIPRI Yearbook


SIPRI’s databases are used by governments, parliaments, and international organizations such as the UN for:
SIPRI Policy Reports


Arms embargo monitoring
Backgrounders


Treaty compliance checks
Fact Sheets


Military expenditure comparisons
Datasets


Regional conflict assessments
Yearbook chapters undergo internal expert review (SIPRI, 2006).<ref>SIPRI. (2006). SIPRI Yearbook 2006 Summary. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/19755/YB06mini.pdf
(SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref>
</ref>


SIPRI receives annual Swedish government funding due to its recognized policy role (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). Governing Board. https://www.sipri.org/about/gb
== 4. Representative Outputs (Islam / MENA Affairs) ==
 
=== 2025: Recent Trends in Arms Transfers in MENA ===
The 2025 SIPRI backgrounder reported that the Middle East accounted for over 27% of global major arms imports from 2020–2024 (SIPRI, 2025).<ref>SIPRI. (2025, April 10). Recent trends in international arms transfers in MENA. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2025/recent-trends-international-arms-transfers-middle-east-and-north-africa
</ref>
</ref>


6. Stakeholder Engagement & Fieldwork Ethics
=== 2022: SALW Controls in MENA ===
A 2022 backgrounder identified gaps in small arms control frameworks and documented the proliferation of illicit weapons across conflict zones (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). Arms transfer and SALW controls in MENA. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2022/arms-transfer-and-salw-controls-middle-east-and-north-africa-challenges-and-state-play
</ref>


SIPRI uses open-source research, minimizing human-subject ethical risks. However, there is little public documentation of:
=== SIPRI Yearbook MENA Chapters ===
Annual chapters provide overviews of MENA conflicts, peace processes, and weapons proliferation dynamics (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). SIPRI Yearbook: MENA Chapter. https://www.sipriyearbook.org
</ref>


local partnerships
== 5. Policy Impact ==


community engagement in Muslim-majority regions
Government agencies, parliaments, and NGOs widely use SIPRI’s data.


consent/ethics protocols
The Swedish Government regularly highlights SIPRI’s role in evidence-based peace and security research (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref>


Thus, while ethically low-risk, SIPRI’s analysis may lack grassroots perspectives (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
SIPRI’s Arms Transfers Database is used by the UN, EU, and national governments for monitoring compliance with arms-control regimes (Wikipedia, 2025).<ref>Wikipedia. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
</ref>
</ref>


7. Funding & Conflict of Interest Analysis
== 6. Stakeholder Engagement & Ethics ==


SIPRI receives a core Swedish government grant and supplementary donor funding, but does not publish a full donor list (SIPRI, 2006).<ref>SIPRI. (2006). SIPRI Yearbook. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/19755/YB06mini.pdf
SIPRI seldom conducts field research requiring formal human-subjects protocols. Thus, it rarely publishes ethical guidelines, informed consent procedures, or community-partner statements.
Its MENA programme does seek to examine “local peacebuilding,” but concrete evidence of engagement with Muslim religious scholars or local civil society actors is limited (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref>
</ref>


This creates:
== 7. Funding & Conflict of Interest Analysis ==
 
SIPRI receives a core grant from the Swedish Government, plus additional contributions from international donors (SIPRI, n.d.-a).<ref>SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
</ref>
However, SIPRI does not publicly disclose a full list of private or philanthropic donors annually, and this partial transparency raises potential concerns about conflict-of-interest assessment.


Strength: stable public funding
== 8. Editorial Independence ==


Weakness: limited donor transparency
The Governing Board’s international composition supports institutional independence. Board members are not responsible for the views expressed in SIPRI publications (SIPRI, 1968–69).<ref>SIPRI. (1969). SIPRI Statutes. https://www.sipri.org
</ref>


Estimated transparency score: 7/10.
SIPRI maintains an internal editorial review system rather than double-blind academic peer review.


8. Editorial Independence & Governance Scrutiny
== 9. Academic Critique ==


SIPRI’s statutes emphasize research independence.
=== Epistemic Rigor ===
Board members are international, mitigating national bias (SIPRI, 2022).<ref>SIPRI. (2022). Governing Board. https://www.sipri.org/about/gb
SIPRI’s rigorous quantitative datasets enable global comparability but risk underreporting covert or non-state arms flows (SIPRI, 2025).<ref>SIPRI. (2025). Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2024. https://www.sipri.org/publications/2025/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-international-arms-transfers-2024
</ref>
</ref>


Publication decisions rest with the Director and Research Staff Collegium, not funders.
=== Normative Framing ===
The institute adopts a state-centric, arms-control-oriented understanding of peace, which may under-emphasize social, religious, and identity dimensions of conflict.
 
=== Bias & Positionality ===
As a Western-based institution receiving public funding, SIPRI’s epistemic position aligns with liberal internationalist frameworks.


9. Academic Critique
=== Policy Relevance vs Academic Depth ===
While SIPRI excels in timely policy analysis, it lacks grassroots-level fieldwork and qualitative perspectives essential for studying Muslim-majority contexts.


=== Epistemic Rigor ===
== 10. Controversies & Criticisms ==
Strength: transparent, open-source data.
Limitation: opaque/illicit arms flows and non-state actors not fully captured.


=== Normative Framing ===
No major public controversies or ethical scandals are documented.
SIPRI’s framing is:
However, scholars have noted:


state-centric
limited inclusion of local voices in conflict regions


arms-control oriented
structural bias toward state-centered security paradigms


secular-liberal in peace conceptualization
partial transparency in donor disclosures


=== Bias & Positionality ===
== 11. Comparative Positioning ==
Being European and government-funded, SIPRI reflects Western security paradigms.


=== Policy Relevance vs Academic Rigor ===
SIPRI is often compared with:
Strong macro-data → weak micro-level, cultural, or religious analysis.


=== Contribution & Gaps ===
PRIO (more qualitative, identity-focused, academically oriented)
Major contribution: global arms-transfer and military-expenditure datasets.
Major gap: lack of local, identity-based, ethnographic perspectives.


10. Criticisms & Responses
GCSP (more practitioner-oriented, diplomacy-focused)


There are no major public scandals.
SIPRI stands out for its large databases, transparency of methods, and global influence.
Scholarly critiques include:


state-centrism
== 12. Recommendations ==


lack of community engagement
For researchers:


incomplete donor transparency
Use SIPRI data as a quantitative baseline; complement with qualitative research.


SIPRI has not publicly issued formal responses to these concerns.
For policymakers:


11. Comparative Positioning
Note that SIPRI offers macro-level analysis; localized policy design requires local data.
Institute Strength Weakness
SIPRI Arms data, transparency Limited qualitative depth
PRIO Strong academic & qualitative research Less global coverage
GCSP Applied diplomacy & training Less quantitative data
12. Recommendations


Researchers should supplement SIPRI data with qualitative and field research.
For SIPRI:


Donors should encourage SIPRI to increase transparency.
Improve donor transparency


SIPRI should enhance MENA field partnerships.
Expand partnerships with MENA civil society and scholars


Policymakers should use SIPRI as baseline data, not as sole analysis.
Incorporate more qualitative and social research


References
References
<references />

Revision as of 15:24, 26 November 2025

The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is a globally recognized independent institute dedicated to research on international security, conflict, arms control, and peacebuilding. Founded in 1966 and headquartered in Solna, Sweden, SIPRI has become one of the world’s most authoritative sources of open-source data on military expenditure, arms transfers, and global conflict trends (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[1] Its annual SIPRI Yearbook and databases are widely used by governments, international organizations, journalists, and researchers.

1. Identification & Metadata

Name, Founding, Legal Status

SIPRI was established in 1966 on the initiative of Swedish Prime Minister Tage Erlander, following recommendations by a commission chaired by Alva Myrdal (SIPRI, n.d.-b).[2] The institute is an independent foundation created by a decision of the Swedish Parliament in commemoration of 150 years of Swedish peace.

Its headquarters is located at Signalistgatan 9, Solna (Stockholm), Sweden (OnThinkTanks, 2025).[3]

Staff Size and Budget

SIPRI employs approximately 100 staff, including researchers, support staff, and visiting fellows (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[4] Although detailed budgets vary, publicly available information indicates a scale consistent with medium-sized international policy institutes.

Governance

As of 2025, the Chair of the Governing Board is former Swedish Prime Minister Stefan Löfven, and the Director is Dan Smith (Wikipedia, 2025).[5] Board members include prominent global figures such as Mohamed Ibn Chambas, Chan Heng Chee, Noha El-Mikawy, and Jean-Marie Guéhenno (SIPRI, 2022).[6]

2. Mission, Vision & Organisational Structure

Mission and Vision

SIPRI’s vision is “a world in which sources of insecurity are identified and understood, conflicts are prevented or resolved, and peace is sustained” (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[7]

Its mission includes:

research on security, conflict, peace, and disarmament

providing policy analysis for decision-makers

supporting dialogue and confidence-building

promoting transparency and accountability in global security

Organizational Structure

SIPRI’s structure includes:

Governing Board

Director and Deputy Director

Research Staff Collegium

Administrative and Programme Support Units

These bodies collectively oversee the institute’s agenda, quality control, and policy outreach (SIPRI, 2006).[8]

Funding Model

SIPRI receives its core funding from the Government of Sweden, supplemented by grants from international donors and philanthropic foundations (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[9]

3. Thematic & Methodological Profile

Primary Research Areas

SIPRI structures its work under three thematic pillars (Wikipedia, 2025):[10]

Armament and Disarmament

Conflict, Peace and Security

Peace and Development

Within these, SIPRI researches:

military expenditure

arms transfers

weapons of mass destruction

emerging military technologies

cyber and space security

peace operations

climate–security interactions

SIPRI also maintains a prominent Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Programme, addressing conflict drivers in predominantly Muslim countries (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[11]

Methods

SIPRI’s methodology is characterized by:

exclusive use of open-source data

reliance on national reports, UN data, media sources

large quantitative databases (military expenditure, arms transfers)

policy and trend analysis (SIPRI, 2025)[12]

SIPRI rarely publishes qualitative fieldwork methods or human-subject research protocols.

Peer Review and Publications

SIPRI’s main publications include:

SIPRI Yearbook

SIPRI Policy Reports

Backgrounders

Fact Sheets

Datasets

Yearbook chapters undergo internal expert review (SIPRI, 2006).[13]

4. Representative Outputs (Islam / MENA Affairs)

2025: Recent Trends in Arms Transfers in MENA

The 2025 SIPRI backgrounder reported that the Middle East accounted for over 27% of global major arms imports from 2020–2024 (SIPRI, 2025).[14]

2022: SALW Controls in MENA

A 2022 backgrounder identified gaps in small arms control frameworks and documented the proliferation of illicit weapons across conflict zones (SIPRI, 2022).[15]

SIPRI Yearbook MENA Chapters

Annual chapters provide overviews of MENA conflicts, peace processes, and weapons proliferation dynamics (SIPRI, 2022).[16]

5. Policy Impact

Government agencies, parliaments, and NGOs widely use SIPRI’s data.

The Swedish Government regularly highlights SIPRI’s role in evidence-based peace and security research (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[17]

SIPRI’s Arms Transfers Database is used by the UN, EU, and national governments for monitoring compliance with arms-control regimes (Wikipedia, 2025).[18]

6. Stakeholder Engagement & Ethics

SIPRI seldom conducts field research requiring formal human-subjects protocols. Thus, it rarely publishes ethical guidelines, informed consent procedures, or community-partner statements. Its MENA programme does seek to examine “local peacebuilding,” but concrete evidence of engagement with Muslim religious scholars or local civil society actors is limited (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[19]

7. Funding & Conflict of Interest Analysis

SIPRI receives a core grant from the Swedish Government, plus additional contributions from international donors (SIPRI, n.d.-a).[20] However, SIPRI does not publicly disclose a full list of private or philanthropic donors annually, and this partial transparency raises potential concerns about conflict-of-interest assessment.

8. Editorial Independence

The Governing Board’s international composition supports institutional independence. Board members are not responsible for the views expressed in SIPRI publications (SIPRI, 1968–69).[21]

SIPRI maintains an internal editorial review system rather than double-blind academic peer review.

9. Academic Critique

Epistemic Rigor

SIPRI’s rigorous quantitative datasets enable global comparability but risk underreporting covert or non-state arms flows (SIPRI, 2025).[22]

Normative Framing

The institute adopts a state-centric, arms-control-oriented understanding of peace, which may under-emphasize social, religious, and identity dimensions of conflict.

Bias & Positionality

As a Western-based institution receiving public funding, SIPRI’s epistemic position aligns with liberal internationalist frameworks.

Policy Relevance vs Academic Depth

While SIPRI excels in timely policy analysis, it lacks grassroots-level fieldwork and qualitative perspectives essential for studying Muslim-majority contexts.

10. Controversies & Criticisms

No major public controversies or ethical scandals are documented. However, scholars have noted:

limited inclusion of local voices in conflict regions

structural bias toward state-centered security paradigms

partial transparency in donor disclosures

11. Comparative Positioning

SIPRI is often compared with:

PRIO (more qualitative, identity-focused, academically oriented)

GCSP (more practitioner-oriented, diplomacy-focused)

SIPRI stands out for its large databases, transparency of methods, and global influence.

12. Recommendations

For researchers:

Use SIPRI data as a quantitative baseline; complement with qualitative research.

For policymakers:

Note that SIPRI offers macro-level analysis; localized policy design requires local data.

For SIPRI:

Improve donor transparency

Expand partnerships with MENA civil society and scholars

Incorporate more qualitative and social research

References

  1. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  2. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-b). History. https://www.sipri.org/about/history
  3. ↑ OnThinkTanks. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://onthinktanks.org/think-tank/stockholm-international-peace-research-institute/
  4. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  5. ↑ Wikipedia. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
  6. ↑ SIPRI. (2022). Governing Board. https://www.sipri.org/about/governing-board
  7. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  8. ↑ SIPRI. (2006). SIPRI Yearbook 2006 Summary. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/19755/YB06mini.pdf
  9. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  10. ↑ Wikipedia. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
  11. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  12. ↑ SIPRI. (2025). Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2024. https://www.sipri.org/publications/2025/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-international-arms-transfers-2024
  13. ↑ SIPRI. (2006). SIPRI Yearbook 2006 Summary. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/19755/YB06mini.pdf
  14. ↑ SIPRI. (2025, April 10). Recent trends in international arms transfers in MENA. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2025/recent-trends-international-arms-transfers-middle-east-and-north-africa
  15. ↑ SIPRI. (2022). Arms transfer and SALW controls in MENA. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical-backgrounder/2022/arms-transfer-and-salw-controls-middle-east-and-north-africa-challenges-and-state-play
  16. ↑ SIPRI. (2022). SIPRI Yearbook: MENA Chapter. https://www.sipriyearbook.org
  17. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  18. ↑ Wikipedia. (2025). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute
  19. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  20. ↑ SIPRI. (n.d.-a). About SIPRI. https://www.sipri.org/about
  21. ↑ SIPRI. (1969). SIPRI Statutes. https://www.sipri.org
  22. ↑ SIPRI. (2025). Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2024. https://www.sipri.org/publications/2025/sipri-fact-sheets/trends-international-arms-transfers-2024
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