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'''Ammar ibn Yasir''' was one of the companions of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) who converted to Islam during the secret call of the era of the Prophethood. His family was severely tortured by the polytheist nobles of Mecca, so much so that his parents were martyred for accepting Islam, and he himself was tortured in a way that none of the companions of the Messenger of God were tortured as much as he was for accepting Islam. Ammar had a deep knowledge of Islam, and his insight and complete knowledge had enabled him to recognize the seditions well, explain the truth, and adopt firm positions in the ups and downs of events.
'''Ammar ibn Yasir''' was one of the companions of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) who converted to Islam during the secret call of the era of the Prophethood. His family was severely tortured by the polytheist nobles of Mecca, so much so that his parents were martyred for accepting Islam, and he himself was tortured in a way that none of the companions of the Messenger of God were tortured as much as he was for accepting Islam. Ammar had a deep knowledge of Islam, and his insight and complete knowledge had enabled him to recognize the seditions well, explain the truth, and adopt firm positions in the ups and downs of events.
During the period of migration, Ammar was always a defender of Islam and an active participant in all the battles. After the death of the Messenger of God, he supported the Ahl al-Bayt during the era of the first three caliphs and was among those who opposed the allegiance to the first caliph. He was the governor of Kufa for a while during the time of the second caliph, and during the reign of Uthman, he was among those who objected to his way of ruling and was tortured by him. During the caliphate of Imam Ali (a.s.), Ammar was one of the staunchest supporters of  Imam Ali (a.s.) and supported him in the battles of Jamal and Seffin, and was martyred in this way.
During the period of migration, Ammar was always a defender of Islam and an active participant in all the battles. After the death of the Messenger of God, he supported the Ahl al-Bayt during the era of the first three caliphs and was among those who opposed the allegiance to the first caliph. He was the governor of Kufa for a while during the time of the second caliph, and during the reign of Uthman, he was among those who objected to his way of ruling and was tortured by him. During the caliphate of Imam Ali (a.s.), Ammar was one of the staunchest supporters of  Imam Ali (a.s.) and supported him in the battles of Jamal and Seffin, and was martyred in this way.


==  A summary life of Ammar Yasir ==
Ammar, nicknamed Abu Yaqzan, was the son of Yasir ibn  Ammar, ibn Malik, ibn  Konaneh, ibn  Qeys, bin Al-Hasin, ibn Al-vazim, ibn  Tha’alabeh, ibn owf, ibn  Harithah, ibn  Amer Al-Akbar, ibn  Yam, ibn Anas, ibn  Malik, ibn  Adad, ibn Zeyd, and ibn  Yashjab Al-Mazhaji .<ref>Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.</ref>
His mother was Somayyah bint Khabat .<ref>Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 6, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir</ref>Ammar was from the Qahtani tribe of Yemen and an ally of the Bani Makhzoom .<ref>Ibid.</ref>
He was one of the prominent companions of the Messenger of God who, along with his parents, were among the first Muslims, and his mother Somayyah was the first female martyr for accepting Islam. She was among the thirty-odd people who converted to Islam at the beginning of Islam and suffered many tortures .<ref>Ibid.</ref>
Some reports consider Ammar  to be among the seven who publicly declared his conversion to Islam .<ref>Ibid.</ref>
Ammar's mother, Somayyah, was initially a slave girl of Abu Hozayfah Makhzoomi, who, after her release, married her to Yasir, who was allied with the Bani Makhzoom  tribe .<ref>6- Ibid. </ref>


A summary life of Ammar Yasir
.
 
It is reported that when the Prophet saw Ammar and his family being tortured, he would say: "O family of Yasir! Be patient, for Paradise is your promised destination.<ref>Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Ahmad ibn Ali.(1994). Al-Isabah  fi Tamiz al-Sahaba, first edition, researched by Abdul-Mujoud, Adel Ahmad, Mu'awaz, Ali Muhammad, vol.1, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutb Al-Ilmiyyah.</ref>
Ammar, nicknamed Abu Yaqzan, was the son of Yasir ibn  Ammar, ibn Malik, ibn  Konaneh, ibn  Qeys, bin Al-Hasin, ibn Al-vazim, ibn  Tha’alabeh, ibn owf, ibn  Harithah, ibn  Amer Al-Akbar, ibn  Yam, ibn Anas, ibn  Malik, ibn  Adad, ibn Zeyd, and ibn  Yashjab Al-Mazhaji[1].Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.
"Be patient, O family of Yasir, O Allah, forgive the family of Yasir".<ref>Ibn Abdul-Barr, Yusuf bin Abdullah.(1991). Al-Isti'aab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab, first edition, researched by Al-Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, vol. 4, Beirut:Dar Al-Jil</ref>
 
There is disagreement about Ammar's migration to Abyssinia.<ref>Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.</ref>
 
but he was one of the first emigrants to Medina, <ref>Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.</ref>and actively participated in the construction of the first mosque in that city (the Qoba Mosque),<ref>Ibn Hisham, Abdul Malik.(1989). Al-Sira al-Nabawiyyah (The Prophet's Biography), first edition, research, Al-Saqa, Mustafa, Al-Abyari, Ibrahim, Shalabi, Abdul Hafiz, vol.1, Beirut: Dar Al-Mara'fah.</ref> and was present in the (important) battles of the Prophet's time.<ref>Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir.(1967). History of Nations and Kings (Tabari's History), second edition, research, Ibrahim, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, vol.11, Beirut: Dar Al-Turath.</ref>
His mother was Somayyah bint Khabat[2].Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 6, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir
 
 
Ammar was from the Qahtani tribe of Yemen and an ally of the Bani Makhzoom[3].3-Ibid.
 
 
He was one of the prominent companions of the Messenger of God who, along with his parents, were among the first Muslims, and his mother Somayyah was the first female martyr for accepting Islam. She was among the thirty-odd people who converted to Islam at the beginning of Islam and suffered many tortures[4].4-Ibid.
 
 
Some reports consider Ammar  to be among the seven who publicly declared his conversion to Islam.[5]5-Ibid.
 
 
Ammar's mother, Somayyah, was initially a slave girl of Abu Hozayfah Makhzoomi, who, after her release, married her to Yasir, who was allied with the Bani Makhzoom  tribe.[6]- Ibid
 
 
It is reported that when the Prophet saw Ammar and his family being tortured, he would say: "O family of Yasir! Be patient, for Paradise is your promised destination.[7]7- Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Ahmad ibn Ali.(1994). Al-Isabah  fi Tamiz al-Sahaba, first edition, researched by Abdul-Mujoud, Adel Ahmad, Mu'awaz, Ali Muhammad, vol.1, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutb Al-Ilmiyyah.
 
 
"Be patient, O family of Yasir, O Allah, forgive the family of Yasir."[8]8-Ibn Abdul-Barr, Yusuf bin Abdullah.(1991). Al-Isti'aab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab, first edition, researched by Al-Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, vol. 4, Beirut:Dar Al-Jil.
 
 
There is disagreement about Ammar's migration to Abyssinia,[9] Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.
 
 
but he was one of the first emigrants to Medina,[10]- Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.
 
 
 
and actively participated in the construction of the first mosque in that city (the Qoba Mosque),[11]
 
11- Ibn Hisham, Abdul Malik.(1989). Al-Sira al-Nabawiyyah (The Prophet's Biography), first edition, research, Al-Saqa, Mustafa, Al-Abyari, Ibrahim, Shalabi, Abdul Hafiz, vol.1, Beirut: Dar Al-Mara'fah.
 
and was present in the (important) battles of the Prophet's time.[12]12-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir.(1967). History of Nations and Kings (Tabari's History), second edition, research, Ibrahim, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, vol.11, Beirut: Dar Al-Turath.
 
 
Ammar Yasir after the Prophet
 
Ammar also had an active presence in the social scene after the death of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his family). The second Caliph, after consulting with Imam Ali (peace be upon him), appointed Ammar as the governor of Kufa and wrote in his decree addressing the people of Kufa that Ammar was from the noble companions of the Prophet[13].13- Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali.(1994). Al-Isabah fi Tamiz al-Sahaba, first edition, researched by Abdul-Mujoud, Adel Ahmad, Mu'awaz, Ali Muhammad, vol.4, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutb Al-Ilmiyyah.
 
 
The narrator says: On the day of the Battle of Yamamah, I saw Ammar Yasir standing on a rock overlooking the battlefield and saying in a loud voice: O Muslims! I am Ammar Yasir! Are you fleeing from Paradise?! Come to me! I looked and saw that Ammar's ear was cut off and hanging, but Ammar was still continuing his fight fiercely[14].14- Ibn Abdul-Barr, Yusuf bin Abdullah.(1991). Al-Isti'aab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab, first edition, researched by Al-Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, vol. 3, Beirut:Dar Al-Jil; Al-Balādhurī, Aḥmad B. Yaḥyā B. Jābir.(1996).Ansāb al-Ashrāf, research, Zakar, Sohail, Beirut:Dar  Al-fekir,; Al-Zarkoli, Khair Al-Din.(1980).Al-A'lam, vol. 1,Beirut: Dar Al-Ilm Lil-Malayin.
 


Quran Verses revealed regarding Ammar
==  Ammar Yasir after the Prophet ==
Ammar also had an active presence in the social scene after the death of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his family). The second Caliph, after consulting with Imam Ali (peace be upon him), appointed Ammar as the governor of Kufa and wrote in his decree addressing the people of Kufa that Ammar was from the noble companions of the Prophet.<ref>Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali.(1994). Al-Isabah fi Tamiz al-Sahaba, first edition, researched by Abdul-Mujoud, Adel Ahmad, Mu'awaz, Ali Muhammad, vol.4, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutb Al-Ilmiyyah</ref>
The narrator says: On the day of the Battle of Yamamah, I saw Ammar Yasir standing on a rock overlooking the battlefield and saying in a loud voice: O Muslims! I am Ammar Yasir! Are you fleeing from Paradise?! Come to me! I looked and saw that Ammar's ear was cut off and hanging, but Ammar was still continuing his fight fiercely .<ref>Ibn Abdul-Barr, Yusuf bin Abdullah.(1991). Al-Isti'aab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab, first edition, researched by Al-Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, vol. 3, Beirut:Dar Al-Jil; Al-Balādhurī, Aḥmad B. Yaḥyā B. Jābir.(1996).Ansāb al-Ashrāf, research, Zakar, Sohail, Beirut:Dar  Al-fekir,; Al-Zarkoli, Khair Al-Din.(1980).Al-A'lam, vol. 1,Beirut: Dar Al-Ilm Lil-Malayin.</ref>


==  Quran Verses revealed regarding Ammar ==
According to some exegetical sources, the revelation of these verses is in some way related to Ammar Yasir:
According to some exegetical sources, the revelation of these verses is in some way related to Ammar Yasir:


Surah Al-Imran, verse 69:“A group of the People of the Book were eager to lead you astray; yet they lead no one astray except themselves,but they are not aware.”[Al-Imran–69] .<ref>Regarding the connection of this verse with Ammar ibn Yasir, Please refer to the book:Al-Balkhi,Abu al-Hasan Muqatil ibn Sulayman ibn Bashir al-Azdi.(2002). The Commentary of Muqatil ibn Sulayman, research, Shehata, Abdullah Mahmoud, first edition, vol. 1, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turat.</ref>


Surah Al-Imran, verse 69
Surah An'am, verse 122
 
“A group of the People of the Book were eager to lead you astray; yet they lead no one astray except themselves,
 
but they are not aware.”[Al-Imran–69] [15]15-Regarding the connection of this verse with Ammar ibn Yasir, Please refer to the book:Al-Balkhi,Abu al-Hasan Muqatil ibn Sulayman ibn Bashir al-Azdi.(2002). The Commentary of Muqatil ibn Sulayman, research, Shehata, Abdullah Mahmoud, first edition, vol. 1, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turat.
 
 
Surah An'am, verse 122  
 
And whoever was dead, we resurrected him and made him a light for people to walk in...
 
 
“Is he who was lifeless, then We gave him life and provided him with a light by which he walks among the people, like one who dwells in a manifold darkness…..” [An'am-122] [16]16-Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad ibn Hassan. Al-Tibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, vol. 4, Beirut: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-'Arabi.


"And whoever was dead, we resurrected him and made him a light for people to walk in...
“Is he who was lifeless, then We gave him life and provided him with a light by which he walks among the people, like one who dwells in a manifold darkness…..” [An'am-122] .<ref>Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad ibn Hassan.Al-Tibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, vol. 4, Beirut: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-'Arabi</ref>


Surah Nahl, verse 106
Surah Nahl, verse 106
“Whoever renounces faith in Allah after [affirming] his faith  - barring someone who is compelled while his heart is at rest in faith—...” [Nahl-106].<ref>Zamakhshari, Mahmoud ibn Umar.(2006). Al-Kashshaf an Haqa'iq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (The Revealer of the Truths of the Obscurities of Revelation), vol. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi</ref> 


 
It is narrated that Ammar was forced to declare disbelief, and some people said that Ammar had disbelieved, but the Prophet said: “No, indeed, Ammar is full of faith from head to toe, and faith is mixed with his flesh and blood.<ref>Ibn Abi Jumhur, Muhammad ibn Zayn al-Din.(1983). Awali al-Laali al-Aziziyyah fi al-Ahadith al-Diniyyah (The Exalted Pearls of the Precious in Religious Narrations),Researcher & Editor, Iraqi, Mujtaba,Vol.2,Qom: Seyyed al-Shohada Press</ref>
“Whoever renounces faith in Allah after [affirming] his faith  - barring someone who is compelled while his heart is at rest in faith—...” [Nahl-106] [17]17-Zamakhshari, Mahmoud ibn Umar.(2006). Al-Kashshaf an Haqa'iq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (The Revealer of the Truths of the Obscurities of Revelation), vol. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi .
 
 
It is narrated that Ammar was forced to declare disbelief, and some people said that Ammar had disbelieved, but the Prophet said: “No, indeed, Ammar is full of faith from head to toe, and faith is mixed with his flesh and blood.”[18]18-Ibn Abi Jumhur, Muhammad ibn Zayn al-Din.(1983). Awali al-Laali al-Aziziyyah fi al-Ahadith al-Diniyyah (The Exalted Pearls of the Precious in Religious Narrations),Researcher & Editor, Iraqi, Mujtaba,Vol.2,Qom: Seyyed al-Shohada Press.
 


Surah Al-Qasas, verse 61
Surah Al-Qasas, verse 61
 
“Is he to whom We have given a good promise,which he will receive,like him whom We have provided the wares of the life of this world, but who will be arraigned on the Day of Resurrection?”[Qasas–61] .<ref>Samarqandi, Nasr ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Bahr al-Uloom, research, commentary, al-Amravi, Muhib al-Din Abu Saeed Omar ibn Gharamah, vol. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Kitb al-Ilmiyah.</ref>‎
 
“Is he to whom We have given a good promise,which he will receive,like him whom We have provided the wares of the life of this world, but who will be arraigned on the Day of Resurrection?”[Qasas–61] ‎[19]
 
19-Samarqandi, Nasr ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Bahr al-Uloom, research, commentary, al-Amravi, Muhib al-Din Abu Saeed Omar ibn Gharamah, vol. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Kitb al-Ilmiyah.
 


Surah Az-Zumar, verse 9
Surah Az-Zumar, verse 9
"Is he who supplicates  in the watches of the night,prostrating and standing,apprehensive of the Hereafterand expecting the mercy of his Lord . . . ? " <ref>Ibn Saad, Kateb Vaqedi , Muhammad ibn Saad.(1989). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, first edition, research, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilmiyyah</ref>


 
.
Is he who supplicates  in the watches of the night,prostrating and standing,apprehensive of the Hereafter
 
and expecting the mercy of his Lord . . . ? [Zumar-22] ‎[20]20- Ibn Saad, Kateb Vaqedi , Muhammad ibn Saad.(1989). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, first edition, research, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilmiyyah.
 
 
Surah Az-Zumar, verse 22
Surah Az-Zumar, verse 22


“Is someone whose breast Allah has opened to Islam, so that he follows a light from His Lord?...” [Zumar-22] [21]21-Abu Hamza Thomali, Thabit ibn Dinar.(1999). Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim, research, Herz al-Din, Abdul Razzaq Muhammad Hussain; Ma’rifat, Muhammad Hadi, Qum: Daftar Nashr al-Hadi.
“Is someone whose breast Allah has opened to Islam, so that he follows a light from His Lord?...” [Zumar-22].<ref>Abu Hamza Thomali, Thabit ibn Dinar.(1999). Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim, research, Herz al-Din, Abdul Razzaq Muhammad Hussain; Ma’rifat, Muhammad Hadi, Qum: Daftar Nashr al-Hadi.</ref>
 
 
The Martyrdom of Ammar
 
Ammar ibn Yasir was finally martyred after years of struggle in the cause of Islam, in the Battle of Seffin in 37 AH at the age of 93[22]22-Ibn Jowzi, Abdul Rahman ibn Ali.(1991). Al-Muntazam, researcher, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, Atta, Mustafa Abdul Qadir, Vol. 5, first edition, Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilamiyah.
 
 
or 94[23].23- Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir.(1967). History of Nations and Kings (Tabari's History), second edition, research, Ibrahim, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, vol.11, Beirut: Dar Al-Turath.
 


==  The Martyrdom of Ammar ==
Ammar ibn Yasir was finally martyred after years of struggle in the cause of Islam, in the Battle of Seffin in 37 AH at the age of 93 <ref>Ibn Jowzi, Abdul Rahman ibn Ali.(1991). Al-Muntazam, researcher, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, Atta, Mustafa Abdul Qadir, Vol. 5, first edition, Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilamiyah</ref>
or 94.<ref>Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir.(1967). History of Nations and Kings (Tabari's History), second edition, research, Ibrahim, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, vol.11, Beirut: Dar Al-Turath</ref> [
He was martyred by Abu Ghayah Mazani and his blessed head was severed from his pure body by another person.
He was martyred by Abu Ghayah Mazani and his blessed head was severed from his pure body by another person.
The two men were feuding and fighting over who had killed Ammar, and each was proud that he had killed him. Amr ibn As said: "By God, they are feuding over the fire of Hell." Hearing this, Moawiyyah said to Amr As: "I have never seen anything like what you have done; for you say to the people who give their lives in our cause, 'Are you quarreling over the fire of Hell?'" Amr  As said: By God, it is so, and you know it, and I wished I had died twenty years ago.<ref>Ibn Saad Katib Waqidi, Muhammad ibn Saad, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, research, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, vol. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilmiyyah</ref>
Imam Ali (a.s.) said beside his body: “May Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day he accepted Islam, may Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day of his murder, and may Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day when he returns modesty".<ref>Al-Balādhurī, Aḥmad B. Yaḥyā B. Jābir.(1996).Ansāb al-Ashrāf. vol. 1,Beirut:Dar  Al-fekir.</ref>
Then he prayed over him and buried him in his own shirt without ghusl.<ref>Homayri, Abdullah ibn Ja'far.(1992). Qobr al-Asnad, Qom :Al al-Bayt Foundation (peace be upon them) for the Revival of Heritage.</ref>


The two men were feuding and fighting over who had killed Ammar, and each was proud that he had killed him. Amr ibn As said: "By God, they are feuding over the fire of Hell." Hearing this, Moawiyyah said to Amr As: "I have never seen anything like what you have done; for you say to the people who give their lives in our cause, 'Are you quarreling over the fire of Hell?'" Amr  As said: By God, it is so, and you know it, and I wished I had died twenty years ago.[24]24- Ibn Saad Katib Waqidi, Muhammad ibn Saad, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, research, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, vol. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilmiyyah.
Imam Ali (a.s.) said beside his body: “May Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day he accepted Islam, may Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day of his murder, and may Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day when he returns modesty.”[25] 25-Al-Balādhurī, Aḥmad B. Yaḥyā B. Jābir.(1996).Ansāb al-Ashrāf. vol. 1,Beirut:Dar  Al-fekir.
Then he prayed over him and buried him in his own shirt without ghusl.[26]26- Homayri, Abdullah ibn Ja'far.(1992). Qobr al-Asnad, Qom :Al al-Bayt Foundation (peace be upon them) for the Revival of Heritage.




References
References

Latest revision as of 13:36, 16 February 2026

Ammar ibn Yasir was one of the companions of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) who converted to Islam during the secret call of the era of the Prophethood. His family was severely tortured by the polytheist nobles of Mecca, so much so that his parents were martyred for accepting Islam, and he himself was tortured in a way that none of the companions of the Messenger of God were tortured as much as he was for accepting Islam. Ammar had a deep knowledge of Islam, and his insight and complete knowledge had enabled him to recognize the seditions well, explain the truth, and adopt firm positions in the ups and downs of events. During the period of migration, Ammar was always a defender of Islam and an active participant in all the battles. After the death of the Messenger of God, he supported the Ahl al-Bayt during the era of the first three caliphs and was among those who opposed the allegiance to the first caliph. He was the governor of Kufa for a while during the time of the second caliph, and during the reign of Uthman, he was among those who objected to his way of ruling and was tortured by him. During the caliphate of Imam Ali (a.s.), Ammar was one of the staunchest supporters of  Imam Ali (a.s.) and supported him in the battles of Jamal and Seffin, and was martyred in this way.

A summary life of Ammar Yasir

Ammar, nicknamed Abu Yaqzan, was the son of Yasir ibn  Ammar, ibn Malik, ibn  Konaneh, ibn  Qeys, bin Al-Hasin, ibn Al-vazim, ibn  Tha’alabeh, ibn owf, ibn  Harithah, ibn  Amer Al-Akbar, ibn  Yam, ibn Anas, ibn  Malik, ibn  Adad, ibn Zeyd, and ibn  Yashjab Al-Mazhaji .[1] His mother was Somayyah bint Khabat .[2]Ammar was from the Qahtani tribe of Yemen and an ally of the Bani Makhzoom .[3] He was one of the prominent companions of the Messenger of God who, along with his parents, were among the first Muslims, and his mother Somayyah was the first female martyr for accepting Islam. She was among the thirty-odd people who converted to Islam at the beginning of Islam and suffered many tortures .[4] Some reports consider Ammar  to be among the seven who publicly declared his conversion to Islam .[5] Ammar's mother, Somayyah, was initially a slave girl of Abu Hozayfah Makhzoomi, who, after her release, married her to Yasir, who was allied with the Bani Makhzoom  tribe .[6]

. It is reported that when the Prophet saw Ammar and his family being tortured, he would say: "O family of Yasir! Be patient, for Paradise is your promised destination.[7] "Be patient, O family of Yasir, O Allah, forgive the family of Yasir".[8] There is disagreement about Ammar's migration to Abyssinia.[9] but he was one of the first emigrants to Medina, [10]and actively participated in the construction of the first mosque in that city (the Qoba Mosque),[11] and was present in the (important) battles of the Prophet's time.[12]

Ammar Yasir after the Prophet

Ammar also had an active presence in the social scene after the death of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his family). The second Caliph, after consulting with Imam Ali (peace be upon him), appointed Ammar as the governor of Kufa and wrote in his decree addressing the people of Kufa that Ammar was from the noble companions of the Prophet.[13] The narrator says: On the day of the Battle of Yamamah, I saw Ammar Yasir standing on a rock overlooking the battlefield and saying in a loud voice: O Muslims! I am Ammar Yasir! Are you fleeing from Paradise?! Come to me! I looked and saw that Ammar's ear was cut off and hanging, but Ammar was still continuing his fight fiercely .[14]

Quran Verses revealed regarding Ammar

According to some exegetical sources, the revelation of these verses is in some way related to Ammar Yasir:

Surah Al-Imran, verse 69:“A group of the People of the Book were eager to lead you astray; yet they lead no one astray except themselves,but they are not aware.”[Al-Imran–69] .[15]

Surah An'am, verse 122

"And whoever was dead, we resurrected him and made him a light for people to walk in... “Is he who was lifeless, then We gave him life and provided him with a light by which he walks among the people, like one who dwells in a manifold darkness…..” [An'am-122] .[16]

Surah Nahl, verse 106 “Whoever renounces faith in Allah after [affirming] his faith  - barring someone who is compelled while his heart is at rest in faith—...” [Nahl-106].[17]

It is narrated that Ammar was forced to declare disbelief, and some people said that Ammar had disbelieved, but the Prophet said: “No, indeed, Ammar is full of faith from head to toe, and faith is mixed with his flesh and blood.[18]

Surah Al-Qasas, verse 61 “Is he to whom We have given a good promise,which he will receive,like him whom We have provided the wares of the life of this world, but who will be arraigned on the Day of Resurrection?”[Qasas–61] .[19]‎

Surah Az-Zumar, verse 9 "Is he who supplicates  in the watches of the night,prostrating and standing,apprehensive of the Hereafterand expecting the mercy of his Lord . . . ? " [20]

. Surah Az-Zumar, verse 22

“Is someone whose breast Allah has opened to Islam, so that he follows a light from His Lord?...” [Zumar-22].[21]

The Martyrdom of Ammar

Ammar ibn Yasir was finally martyred after years of struggle in the cause of Islam, in the Battle of Seffin in 37 AH at the age of 93 [22] or 94.[23] [ He was martyred by Abu Ghayah Mazani and his blessed head was severed from his pure body by another person. The two men were feuding and fighting over who had killed Ammar, and each was proud that he had killed him. Amr ibn As said: "By God, they are feuding over the fire of Hell." Hearing this, Moawiyyah said to Amr As: "I have never seen anything like what you have done; for you say to the people who give their lives in our cause, 'Are you quarreling over the fire of Hell?'" Amr  As said: By God, it is so, and you know it, and I wished I had died twenty years ago.[24] Imam Ali (a.s.) said beside his body: “May Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day he accepted Islam, may Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day of his murder, and may Allah have mercy on Ammar on the day when he returns modesty".[25] Then he prayed over him and buried him in his own shirt without ghusl.[26]


References

  1. ↑ Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.
  2. ↑ Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 6, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir
  3. ↑ Ibid.
  4. ↑ Ibid.
  5. ↑ Ibid.
  6. ↑ 6- Ibid.
  7. ↑ Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Ahmad ibn Ali.(1994). Al-Isabah  fi Tamiz al-Sahaba, first edition, researched by Abdul-Mujoud, Adel Ahmad, Mu'awaz, Ali Muhammad, vol.1, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutb Al-Ilmiyyah.
  8. ↑ Ibn Abdul-Barr, Yusuf bin Abdullah.(1991). Al-Isti'aab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab, first edition, researched by Al-Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, vol. 4, Beirut:Dar Al-Jil
  9. ↑ Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.
  10. ↑ Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad.(1989). Osodol-Ghabah Fi Ma’rafah Al-Sahabah, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Fekir.
  11. ↑ Ibn Hisham, Abdul Malik.(1989). Al-Sira al-Nabawiyyah (The Prophet's Biography), first edition, research, Al-Saqa, Mustafa, Al-Abyari, Ibrahim, Shalabi, Abdul Hafiz, vol.1, Beirut: Dar Al-Mara'fah.
  12. ↑ Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir.(1967). History of Nations and Kings (Tabari's History), second edition, research, Ibrahim, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, vol.11, Beirut: Dar Al-Turath.
  13. ↑ Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali.(1994). Al-Isabah fi Tamiz al-Sahaba, first edition, researched by Abdul-Mujoud, Adel Ahmad, Mu'awaz, Ali Muhammad, vol.4, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutb Al-Ilmiyyah
  14. ↑ Ibn Abdul-Barr, Yusuf bin Abdullah.(1991). Al-Isti'aab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab, first edition, researched by Al-Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, vol. 3, Beirut:Dar Al-Jil; Al-Balādhurī, Aḥmad B. Yaḥyā B. Jābir.(1996).Ansāb al-Ashrāf, research, Zakar, Sohail, Beirut:Dar  Al-fekir,; Al-Zarkoli, Khair Al-Din.(1980).Al-A'lam, vol. 1,Beirut: Dar Al-Ilm Lil-Malayin.
  15. ↑ Regarding the connection of this verse with Ammar ibn Yasir, Please refer to the book:Al-Balkhi,Abu al-Hasan Muqatil ibn Sulayman ibn Bashir al-Azdi.(2002). The Commentary of Muqatil ibn Sulayman, research, Shehata, Abdullah Mahmoud, first edition, vol. 1, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turat.
  16. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad ibn Hassan.Al-Tibyan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an, vol. 4, Beirut: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-'Arabi
  17. ↑ Zamakhshari, Mahmoud ibn Umar.(2006). Al-Kashshaf an Haqa'iq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (The Revealer of the Truths of the Obscurities of Revelation), vol. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi
  18. ↑ Ibn Abi Jumhur, Muhammad ibn Zayn al-Din.(1983). Awali al-Laali al-Aziziyyah fi al-Ahadith al-Diniyyah (The Exalted Pearls of the Precious in Religious Narrations),Researcher & Editor, Iraqi, Mujtaba,Vol.2,Qom: Seyyed al-Shohada Press
  19. ↑ Samarqandi, Nasr ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Bahr al-Uloom, research, commentary, al-Amravi, Muhib al-Din Abu Saeed Omar ibn Gharamah, vol. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Kitb al-Ilmiyah.
  20. ↑ Ibn Saad, Kateb Vaqedi , Muhammad ibn Saad.(1989). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, first edition, research, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, vol. 3, Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilmiyyah
  21. ↑ Abu Hamza Thomali, Thabit ibn Dinar.(1999). Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim, research, Herz al-Din, Abdul Razzaq Muhammad Hussain; Ma’rifat, Muhammad Hadi, Qum: Daftar Nashr al-Hadi.
  22. ↑ Ibn Jowzi, Abdul Rahman ibn Ali.(1991). Al-Muntazam, researcher, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, Atta, Mustafa Abdul Qadir, Vol. 5, first edition, Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilamiyah
  23. ↑ Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir.(1967). History of Nations and Kings (Tabari's History), second edition, research, Ibrahim, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, vol.11, Beirut: Dar Al-Turath
  24. ↑ Ibn Saad Katib Waqidi, Muhammad ibn Saad, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, research, Atta, Muhammad Abdul Qadir, vol. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Kutb al-Ilmiyyah
  25. ↑ Al-Balādhurī, Aḥmad B. Yaḥyā B. Jābir.(1996).Ansāb al-Ashrāf. vol. 1,Beirut:Dar  Al-fekir.
  26. ↑ Homayri, Abdullah ibn Ja'far.(1992). Qobr al-Asnad, Qom :Al al-Bayt Foundation (peace be upon them) for the Revival of Heritage.
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