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'''Ummah (Arabic: أمة‎ [ˈʊmmæ])''' is an Arabic word meaning "community". It is distinguished from shaʻb (شعب [ʃæ'b]), which means a nation with common ancestry or geography. Thus, it can be said to be a supra-national community with a common history.
[[File:The Sunna and Shi'a in History- Division and Ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East.jpg|thumb|]]
It is a synonym for ummat al-Islām (أمة الإسلام, 'the Islamic community'), and it is commonly used to mean the collective community of Islamic people. In the Quran the ummah typically refers to a single group that shares common religious beliefs, specifically those that are the objects of a divine plan of salvation.  In the context of pan-Islamism and politics, the word ummah can be used to mean the concept of a Commonwealth of the Believers (أمة المؤمنين ummat al-muʼminīn).  


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* '''''[[The Sunna and Shi'a in History: Division and Ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East (Book report)|The Sunna and Shi'a in History: Division and Ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East]]''''' is a 2011 edited academic volume published by [[Palgrave Macmillan]]. The book is edited by [[Ofra Bengio]] and [[Meir Litvak]] and examines the historical development of relations between [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] and [[Shia Islam|Shi'a]] Muslims from the early Islamic period to the contemporary Middle East. The volume emphasizes both patterns of division and periods of coexistence and ecumenical engagement, offering a historically grounded and interdisciplinary perspective on sectarian relations in Islamic societies. <span id="mp-more">[[The Sunna and Shi'a in History: Division and Ecumenism in the Muslim Middle East (Book report)|'''Continue
...''']]</span>

Latest revision as of 10:07, 20 January 2026