Umm Kulthum - Revision history

Translationbot: حذف لینک‌های بین‌زبانی موقت (هماهنگ شده در ویکی‌بیس)

2026-05-30T05:55:39Z

حذف لینک‌های بین‌زبانی موقت (هماهنگ شده در ویکی‌بیس)

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	== References ==		== References ==

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Translationbot: افزودن لینک‌های بین‌زبانی موقت (تا زمان هماهنگی ویکی‌بیس)

2026-05-26T05:06:19Z

افزودن لینک‌های بین‌زبانی موقت (تا زمان هماهنگی ویکی‌بیس)

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	== References ==		== References ==

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Rahmani at 09:49, 1 February 2026

2026-02-01T09:49:03Z

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	== Burial site ==		== Burial site ==
	Emad al-Din al-Tabari says: It is narrated that Umm Kulthum, the sister of Imam Hussein (a.s.), died in Sham (Syria)abari.(2005).Kamel Baha'i,Qom: Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2.<ref>~~abari~~.(2005).Kamel Baha'i,Qom: Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2.</ref>Ibn Battuta writes in his travelogue: Near the city of Sham and one farsakh(6 Kilometers) away from it, is the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and FatimaIbn Battuta, Muhammad ibn Abdullah.(1997). Al-Rahlah (The Travels of Ibn Battuta),Vol. 1, Rabat :Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco.<ref>Ibn Battuta, Muhammad ibn Abdullah.(1997). Al-Rahlah (The Travels of Ibn Battuta),Vol. 1, Rabat :Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco.</ref> Yaqut al-Hamwi also writes: Umm Kulthum’s grave is in the Damascus district.<ref>Al-Hamwi Shahab al-Din Abdullah Yaqut ibn Abdullah.(1979)., Mu'jam Al-Buldan ( Dictionary information of Countries),Volume 3, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi</ref>Ibn Asaker says in this regard: This grave in the Damascus district is not the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and Fatima. She died in Medina and was buried in the Baqi’ cemetery.<ref>Ibn Asaker, Ali ibn Hassan.(1994). History of Damascus, 1st edition, researcher, Shiri, Ali, vol. 2, Beirut:Dar al-Fakir</ref>Some have also said that this grave is the grave of Zeynab al-Kubra, the daughter of Ali (a.s.) and Fatima (a.s.), whose nickname is Umm Kulthum.<ref>Al-Baytar al-Maydani al-Dimashqi, Abd al-Razzaq ibn Hasan ibn Ibrahim.(1993). The Ornament of Mankind (Helyatolbashar) in the History of the Thirteenth Century, Beirut:Dar Sader.</ref>		Emad al-Din al-Tabari says: It is narrated that Umm Kulthum, the sister of Imam Hussein (a.s.), died in Sham (Syria)abari.(2005).Kamel Baha'i,Qom: Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2.<ref>Tabari.(2005).Kamel Baha'i,Qom: Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2.</ref>Ibn Battuta writes in his travelogue: Near the city of Sham and one farsakh(6 Kilometers) away from it, is the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and FatimaIbn Battuta, Muhammad ibn Abdullah.(1997). Al-Rahlah (The Travels of Ibn Battuta),Vol. 1, Rabat :Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco.<ref>Ibn Battuta, Muhammad ibn Abdullah.(1997). Al-Rahlah (The Travels of Ibn Battuta),Vol. 1, Rabat :Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco.</ref> Yaqut al-Hamwi also writes: Umm Kulthum’s grave is in the Damascus district.<ref>Al-Hamwi Shahab al-Din Abdullah Yaqut ibn Abdullah.(1979)., Mu'jam Al-Buldan ( Dictionary information of Countries),Volume 3, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi</ref>Ibn Asaker says in this regard: This grave in the Damascus district is not the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and Fatima. She died in Medina and was buried in the Baqi’ cemetery.<ref>Ibn Asaker, Ali ibn Hassan.(1994). History of Damascus, 1st edition, researcher, Shiri, Ali, vol. 2, Beirut:Dar al-Fakir</ref>Some have also said that this grave is the grave of Zeynab al-Kubra, the daughter of Ali (a.s.) and Fatima (a.s.), whose nickname is Umm Kulthum.<ref>Al-Baytar al-Maydani al-Dimashqi, Abd al-Razzaq ibn Hasan ibn Ibrahim.(1993). The Ornament of Mankind (Helyatolbashar) in the History of the Thirteenth Century, Beirut:Dar Sader.</ref>



	== References ==		== References ==

Rahmani at 09:46, 1 February 2026

2026-02-01T09:46:50Z

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	== Birth and lineage ==		== Birth and lineage ==
	There is disagreement among historians about the date of Umm Kulthum's birth; however, Shia and Sunni agree that Ali (a.s.) and Fatima (a.s.) had a child named Umm Kulthum.<ref>~~heikh~~ Mofid.(1993). Irshad, vol. 1, Qom:Dar Al-mofid publications ; Ibn Sa’d, Kateb Vaqedi, Muhammad ibn Sa’d.(1989). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, vol. 8, Beirut:Dar Sader;Yaqoobi, Ahmad ibn Ishaq(2005). Tarikh al-Ya’qubi . vol. 2, Beirut:al-'Alami publications; Tabari.(2004).Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk,vol. 4.</ref>		There is disagreement among historians about the date of Umm Kulthum's birth; however, Shia and Sunni agree that Ali (a.s.) and Fatima (a.s.) had a child named Umm Kulthum.<ref>Sheikh Mofid.(1993). Irshad, vol. 1, Qom:Dar Al-mofid publications ; Ibn Sa’d, Kateb Vaqedi, Muhammad ibn Sa’d.(1989). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, vol. 8, Beirut:Dar Sader;Yaqoobi, Ahmad ibn Ishaq(2005). Tarikh al-Ya’qubi . vol. 2, Beirut:al-'Alami publications; Tabari.(2004).Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk,vol. 4.</ref>
	They have written her birth date as the 6th lunar year,<ref>Dhahabi, Muhammad bin Ahmad.(1994). Siyar Al-Alam al-Nobala, vol. 3,Beirut: Al-resalah Institute;		They have written her birth date as the 6th lunar year,<ref>Dhahabi, Muhammad bin Ahmad.(1994). Siyar Al-Alam al-Nobala, vol. 3,Beirut: Al-resalah Institute;

Rahmani at 05:39, 5 January 2026

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 == Burial site ==
-Emad al-Din al-Tabari says: It is narrated that Umm Kulthum, the sister of Imam Hussein (a.s.), died in Sham (Syria).[41]
+Emad al-Din al-Tabari says: It is narrated that Umm Kulthum, the sister of Imam Hussein (a.s.), died in Sham (Syria)abari.(2005).Kamel Baha'i,Qom: Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2.<ref>abari.(2005).Kamel Baha'i,Qom: Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2.</ref>Ibn Battuta writes in his travelogue: Near the city of Sham and one farsakh(6 Kilometers) away from it, is the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and FatimaIbn Battuta, Muhammad ibn Abdullah.(1997). Al-Rahlah (The Travels of Ibn Battuta),Vol. 1, Rabat :Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco.<ref>Ibn Battuta, Muhammad ibn Abdullah.(1997). Al-Rahlah (The Travels of Ibn Battuta),Vol. 1, Rabat :Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco.</ref> Yaqut al-Hamwi also writes: Umm Kulthum’s grave is in the Damascus district.<ref>Al-Hamwi Shahab al-Din Abdullah Yaqut  ibn Abdullah.(1979)., Mu'jam Al-Buldan ( Dictionary  information of Countries),Volume 3, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi</ref>Ibn Asaker says in this regard: This grave in the Damascus district is not the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and  Fatima. She died in Medina and was buried in the Baqi’ cemetery.<ref>Ibn Asaker, Ali ibn Hassan.(1994). History of Damascus, 1st edition, researcher, Shiri, Ali, vol. 2, Beirut:Dar al-Fakir</ref>Some have also said that this grave is the grave of Zeynab al-Kubra, the daughter of Ali (a.s.) and Fatima (a.s.), whose nickname is Umm Kulthum.<ref>Al-Baytar al-Maydani al-Dimashqi, Abd al-Razzaq ibn Hasan ibn Ibrahim.(1993). The Ornament of Mankind (Helyatolbashar) in the History of the Thirteenth Century, Beirut:Dar Sader.</ref>
 == References ==

Rahmani at 05:30, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T05:30:01Z

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	Emad al-Din al-Tabari says: It is narrated that Umm Kulthum, the sister of Imam Hussein (a.s.), died in Sham (Syria).[41]		Emad al-Din al-Tabari says: It is narrated that Umm Kulthum, the sister of Imam Hussein (a.s.), died in Sham (Syria).[41]

	41-Tabari, Kamel Baha'i, Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2,		41-Tabari.(2004).Kamel Baha'i,Najaf: Al-Muktab Al-Heydariyyah, Vol. 2.

	Ibn Battuta writes in his travelogue: Near the city of Sham and one farsakh(6 Kilometers) away from it, is the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and Fatima.[42]		Ibn Battuta writes in his travelogue: Near the city of Sham and one farsakh(6 Kilometers) away from it, is the grave of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (a.s.) and Fatima.[42]

Rahmani at 05:25, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T05:25:23Z

Show changes

Rahmani at 04:52, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T04:52:34Z

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 == Marriage with Umar ibn al-Khattab ==
-According to some historical reports, Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (peace be upon him), married Umar, the second calipha[15].
+According to some historical reports, Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb (peace be upon him), married Umar, the second calipha.<ref>Koleyni, Muhammad ibn Yaqub.(1984).Kafi, researcher, corrector:Ghaffari, Ali Akbar, Akhundi, Muhammad, vol. 1, 4th edition, vol. 5, Tehran: Dar al-Kotob al-Islamiyya;Sheikh Tusi.(1985). Tahdhib al-Ahkam,vol. 8,; Tabarsi.(1996). Alam al-Wara, vol.1; Sheikh Mufid.(1993). Al-Mas'il al-Akbariyah.; Balathuri.(1999). Ansab al-Ashraf.</ref>
-- Koleyni, Muhammad ibn Yaqub.(1984).Kafi, researcher, corrector:Ghaffari, Ali Akbar, Akhundi, Muhammad, vol. 1, 4th edition, vol. 5, Tehran: Dar al-Kotob al-Islamiyya;Sheikh Tusi.(1985). Tahdhib al-Ahkam,vol. 8,; Tabarsi.(1996). Alam al-Wara, vol.1; Sheikh Mufid.(1993). Al-Mas'il al-Akbariyah.; Balathuri.(1999). Ansab al-Ashraf.
+On the other hand, some Shiite scholars, such as Sheikh Mufid, have denied this marriage, and Agha Bozorg Tehrani mentions several books written in refutation of this marriageEncyclopedia of the World of Islam.Entry(title) on the marriage of Umm Kulthum to Umar ibn al-Khattab, section on opponents of marriage.<ref>Encyclopedia of the World of Islam.Entry(title) on the marriage of Umm Kulthum to Umar ibn al-Khattab, section on
-The date of this marriage is mentioned as the month of Dhul-Qa’dah in the year 17 AH[16].
+== Umm Kulthum in Karbala ==
+Some Maqatel(The word "Maqatel" is the plural of "Maqtal" and "Maqtal" refers to books that describe the events of Karbala and the tragedy of the murder of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him)have spoken of Umm Kulthum’s presence in Karbala, in such a way that she has been mentioned in many cases alongside Hazrat Zeynab (peace be upon her) and they have narrated calamities for her. Majlisi narrates: After the martyrdom of the Imam (a.s.) and when the tents were being set on fire, the earring was pulled from the ear of Umm Kulthum, the sister of Hussein (a.s.).<ref>Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir.(2004). Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 45,second edition,Beirut:Dar Ihya al-Turas al-Araby.</ref>
--Naweyri, Ahmad ibn Abd al-Wahhab.(2002).Nehaytolarab  fi Fonooneladab, - vol. 19, Cairo:Ministry of Culture and National Guidance. Al-Mesriyya  General Institution .
+Umm Kulthum narrated the events of Ashura and delivered a sermon in Kufa and in the session of Ibn Ziyad. Ibn Tayfur in his book cites a sermon by Umm Kulthum that took place in Kufa and during the captivity of the Prophet’s household (a.s.).<ref>Ibn Abi Taher, Ahmad ibn Abi Taher Ibn Teyfur.(1993). Balaghat al-Nisa,Qom: Sharif al-Razi library</ref>Allamah Majlisi also mentioned Umm Kulthum’s speeches and poems in the session of Ibn Ziyad.<ref>Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir.(2004). Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 45,second edition,Beirut:Dar Ihya al-Turas al-Araby.</ref>On the other hand, some sources have stated that Umm Kulthum, who was present in Karbala, was not a Fatimid.<ref>Telmesani,Muhammad bin Abi Bakr. Barri (1981). Al-Jawharah fi Nasab al-Imam Ali and his family, Damascus: al-Nuri School</ref>
+Seyyed Mohsen Amin has rejected this issue and says: Amir al-Mu’minin (peace be upon him) had two daughters named Umm Kulthum, one of whom was Umm Kulthum Kubra, the daughter of Hazrat Zahra (peace be upon her), who died before the Karbala event, and the other, whose mother was a slave girl, was present in Karbala and delivered a sermon in Kufa. She was the wife of Muslim ibn Aqil.<ref>Al- Amin, Al-Seyyed Mohsen.(2000).Ayan al-Shi'a, vol. 1, and vol.3,Beirut: Dar al-Ta'arif</ref>
 == Umm Kulthum's Sermon in Kufa ==
 Umm Kulthum is known to have delivered a sermon in Kufa after the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (a.s.).[23] 23-Ibn Tawus, Lahuf,

Rahmani at 04:42, 5 January 2026

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	He clarifies: If the last two are the same, there are three, and otherwise there are four Umm Kulthums 8-Al- Amin, Al-Seyyed Mohsen.(2000).Ayan al-Shi'a, vol. 3,Beirut: Dar al-Ta'arif.<ref>8-Al- Amin, Al-Seyyed Mohsen.(2000).Ayan al-Shi'a, vol. 3,Beirut: Dar al-Ta'arif</ref>		He clarifies: If the last two are the same, there are three, and otherwise there are four Umm Kulthums 8-Al- Amin, Al-Seyyed Mohsen.(2000).Ayan al-Shi'a, vol. 3,Beirut: Dar al-Ta'arif.<ref>8-Al- Amin, Al-Seyyed Mohsen.(2000).Ayan al-Shi'a, vol. 3,Beirut: Dar al-Ta'arif</ref>
	However, some sources have called the name of Umm Kulthum, daughter of Ali (peace be upon him) and Fatima (peace be upon her) “Ruqayyah al-Kubra” and the name of Umm Kulthum al-Sughra ~~“Naïfs”~~.<ref>Alavi Omari, Ali bin Muhammad.(1988). Al-Majdi fi Ansab al-Talebyeen; Murteza Zobeydi.(1993). Taj al-Arous, vol. 15, Beirut: Dar al-Hedayah</ref>		However, some sources have called the name of Umm Kulthum, daughter of Ali (peace be upon him) and Fatima (peace be upon her) “Ruqayyah al-Kubra” and the name of Umm Kulthum al-Sughra “Naïfsah”.<ref>Alavi Omari, Ali bin Muhammad.(1988). Al-Majdi fi Ansab al-Talebyeen; Murteza Zobeydi.(1993). Taj al-Arous, vol. 15, Beirut: Dar al-Hedayah</ref>

	== Wife and Children ==		== Wife and Children ==
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	Mas'udi(The historian) considers Umm Kulthum childless.<ref>Mas’udi, Ali bin Hossein.(1988).Moruj al-Dhahab va maaden al-johar, vol. 1		Mas'udi(The historian) considers Umm Kulthum childless.<ref>Mas’udi, Ali bin Hossein.(1988).Moruj al-Dhahab va maaden al-johar, vol. 1

	Qom :Dar al-Hijrah Institution</ref>.		Qom :Dar al-Hijrah Institution</ref>

			Some historians have considered her children to be "Zeyd" and "Ruqayyah", both of whom were from UmarIbn Asaker, Ali ibn Hassan.(1994). History of Damascus, 1st edition, researcher, Shiri, Ali, vol. 19, Beirut:Dar al-Fakir; Balathuri.(1999). Ansab al-Ashraf.<ref>Ibn Asaker, Ali ibn Hassan.(1994). History of Damascus, 1st edition, researcher, Shiri, Ali, vol. 19, Beirut:Dar al-Fakir; Balathuri.(1999). Ansab al-Ashraf.</ref>
			Ibn Anbah, in mentioning the children of Muslim ibn Aqil, mentions a girl named "Hamida" whose mother was Umm Kulthum, daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb Hosseini, Ahmad bin Ali- Ibn Anbah.(1960). Omdattottaleb fi Ansab Al Abi Taleb, Najaf: Al-Haydariyya publications.<ref>Hosseini, Ahmad bin Ali- Ibn Anbah.(1960). Omdattottaleb fi Ansab Al Abi Taleb, Najaf: Al-Haydariyya publications.</ref>
	Some historians have considered her children to be "Zeyd" and "Ruqayyah", both of whom were from ~~Umar~~.~~[12]~~		Seyyed Mohsen Amin says: This news indicates that Muslim ibn Aqil married his cousin Umm Kulthum, but this is not Umm Kulthum al-Kubra, because no one has narrated it and she may have been the wife of Umm Kulthum al-Wosta .<ref>Al- Amin, Al-Seyyed Mohsen.(2000).Ayan al-Shi'a, vol. 3,Beirut: Dar al-Ta'arif</ref>

	12- Ibn Asaker, Ali ibn Hassan.(1994). History of Damascus, 1st edition, researcher, Shiri, Ali, vol. 19, Beirut:Dar al-Fakir; Balathuri.(1999). Ansab al-Ashraf.


	Ibn Anbah, in mentioning the children of Muslim ibn Aqil, mentions a girl named "Hamida" whose mother was Umm Kulthum, daughter of Ali ibn Abi Taleb.~~[13]~~


	13- Hosseini, Ahmad bin Ali- Ibn Anbah.(1960). Omdattottaleb fi Ansab Al Abi Taleb, Najaf: Al-Haydariyya publications.


	Seyyed Mohsen Amin says: This news indicates that Muslim ibn Aqil married his cousin Umm Kulthum, but this is not Umm Kulthum al-Kubra, because no one has narrated it and she may have been the wife of Umm Kulthum al-Wosta~~[14]~~.


	~~14-~~ Al- Amin, Al-Seyyed Mohsen.(2000).Ayan al-Shi'a, vol. 3,Beirut: Dar al-Ta'arif

	== Marriage with Umar ibn al-Khattab ==		== Marriage with Umar ibn al-Khattab ==

Rahmani at 16:32, 31 December 2025

2025-12-31T16:32:56Z

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	== Wife and Children ==		== Wife and Children ==
	According to some historians, Umm Kulthum first married Umar ibn al-Khattab and after Umar's death, she married her cousin "Aun", son of Ja'far ibn Abi Taleb. After Aun's death, she married her brother-in-law "Muhammad", and after Muhammad's death, their other brother "Abdullah". Before her, Abdullah was married to his sister Zeinab al-Kubra, daughter of Ali (a.s.).~~[10]~~		According to some historians, Umm Kulthum first married Umar ibn al-Khattab and after Umar's death, she married her cousin "Aun", son of Ja'far ibn Abi Taleb. After Aun's death, she married her brother-in-law "Muhammad", and after Muhammad's death, their other brother "Abdullah". Before her, Abdullah was married to his sister Zeinab al-Kubra, daughter of Ali (a.s.).<ref>Ibn Sa’d, Kateb Vaqedi, Muhammad ibn Sa’d.(1989). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, vol. 8, Beirut:Dar Sader</ref>
			Mas'udi(The historian) considers Umm Kulthum childless.<ref>Mas’udi, Ali bin Hossein.(1988).Moruj al-Dhahab va maaden al-johar, vol. 1

	~~10- Ibn Sa’d, Kateb Vaqedi, Muhammad ibn Sa’d.(1989). Al-Tabaqat~~ al-~~Kubra, vol~~. ~~8, Beirut:Dar Sader~~		Qom :Dar al-Hijrah Institution</ref>.


	~~Mas'udi(The historian) considers Umm Kulthum childless.[11]~~

	~~11- Mas’udi, Ali bin Hossein.(1988).Moruj al-Dhahab va maaden al-johar, vol. 1~~

	~~Qom :Dar al-Hijrah Institution~~