Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

2026-06-13T03:51:43Z

ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

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{{Infobox person
| name = Sheikh Hasina Wazed
| image = حسینه واجد.jpg|250px
| native_name = Sheikh Hasina Wazed
| other_names =
| birth_year = 1947
| birth_date =
| birth_place = {{hlist | Tungipara | East [[Pakistan]] }}
| death_year =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| teachers =
| students =
| religion = [[Islam]]
| sect = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| works =
| occupation = Current leader of the [[Awami League]]
| website =
}}

'''Sheikh Hasina Wazed''' is the 10th Prime Minister of [[Bangladesh]]. She is the daughter of [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]], the first President of Bangladesh. She served as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 1996 to 2001, and from 2009 to 2014. She has been the leader of the [[Awami League]] of Bangladesh since 1981. She was elected as Prime Minister for the third time in the 2014 general elections. She is one of the most powerful women in the world. Forbes magazine ranked her 30th in the list of the most powerful women of 2017 <ref>.[https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF Adapted from Urdu Wikipedia]</ref>.

== Biography ==
[[Sheikh Hasina]] was born on 28 September 1947, in the '''Tungipara''' region in East [[Pakistan]]. She is the eldest child of Sheikh [[Mujibur Rahman|Mujib]], the founder of the country of Bangladesh and its first President. In many of her interviews, she has stated that due to her father's political activities, she grew up in fear. At the height of violence during the 1970 elections in Pakistan, concurrent with her father's arrest, she lived with her grandfather in a refugee camp. 
She also says: "I was not allowed to go to school because I had to cross a canal via a wooden bridge, and I was afraid of falling into the river."

== Political activities ==
She became involved in student and university political activities from adolescence. She studied law and graduated from the University of Dhaka in 1973. In August 1975, while she was visiting [[West Germany|West Germany]] with her sister Rehana, all members of her family were killed in a ruthless [[terrorism|terror]] attack, and thus the two sisters, as the only survivors of that incident, were forced to spend a six-year exile in [[India]].

=== Leadership of the Awami League ===
[[File:واجد 2.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Hasina Wajed with her father Mujibur Rahman in childhood]]
In 1981, she was elected as the leader of the Awami League party. The Awami League was considered a '''left'''-wing party. During the 1980s, she was sometimes imprisoned and sometimes free. In February and November 1984, she was placed under house arrest. In March 1985, she also spent three months under house arrest.

=== Elections ===
Her party, along with the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party|Bangladesh Nationalist Party]] led by [[Khaleda Zia]], wife of [[Ziaur Rahman]], continued to campaign for the election of a [[democratic]] government, and they achieved this goal by holding democratic elections in 1991, which led to the victory of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party.
She and her party participated in the 1986 parliamentary elections held under the presidency of '''Ershad'''. Her decision to participate in the elections was criticized by her opponents because the other opposition group led by Khaleda Zia had boycotted this vote. However, her supporters emphasized that she was using this opportunity to challenge the current government. '''Ershad''' dissolved the parliament in December 1987. He did this when Hasina Wajed and her party had resigned from parliament in an effort to hold free elections under a neutral government.

==== 1991 Elections ====
After several years of '''Ershad'''s rule, widespread protests and strikes created some instability that paralyzed the country's economy. Widespread protests in December 1990 forced Ershad, who had resigned in favor of his deputy Shahabuddin, to step down from power. The caretaker government led by '''Shahabuddin Ahmed''' held general parliamentary elections. [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]] led by Khaleda Zia won the majority, and the Awami League led by her became the largest opposition party. 
She campaigned in three constituencies, losing in two and winning in one. She accepted her defeat and resigned from the party leadership but remained at the request of the leaders.
[[File:واجد 3.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Hasina Wajed with Khaleda Zia, leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party]]

==== 1994 Elections ====
Politics in Bangladesh witnessed a significant transformation in 1994 and after the by-elections. These elections were held after the [[death]] of one of the MPs who was a member of the Awami League party. It was expected that the Awami League would regain the seat, but the Nationalist Party took hold of this seat. 
She and her party, along with other [[opposition]] parties, demanded that the next general elections be held under the supervision of a neutral government and that this demand be included in the constitution. The ruling party at the time rejected these demands.
The opposition parties launched an unprecedented struggle and demanded a strike for several weeks. The government accused them of destroying the economy, while opponents emphasized that the ruling party could solve this problem by meeting their demands. In late 1995, Awami League representatives and other parties resigned from parliament. The parliament completed its term and general elections were held on February 15, 1996. 
The elections were boycotted by all major parties except the ruling Nationalist Party. The new parliament, which consisted mainly of members of the ruling party, amended the constitution to add provisions regarding a caretaker government for elections. The next parliamentary elections were held on June 30, 1996, under the supervision of a neutral government.

=== Prime Ministership ===
From 1996 to 2001, she was elected as the Prime Minister of [[Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]. She was the first Bangladeshi prime minister who completed her term in office since the country's independence. She signed the Ganges River Water Sharing Treaty with [[India]]. Her government privatized the telecommunications industry. In 1999, the Government of Bangladesh launched the '''New Industrial Policy''', aimed at strengthening the private sector and boosting growth.
This policy allowed foreign companies to establish 100 percent owned companies. 
In the 2001 elections, Hasina's party won only 62 parliamentary seats. While the four-party alliance led by the Bangladesh Nationalist Party won 234 seats. Wajed and her party did not accept the result and alleged fraud. However, the international community was satisfied with the election result, and the four-party alliance formed its government. 
During this period, Awami League members did not regularly attend parliamentary sessions. In late 2003, the party launched its first major anti-government movement and stated that the government would be overthrown before April 30, 2004. This did not happen and a serious blow was dealt to her and her party.

==== Assassination attempts and arrest ====
In 2004, one of the MPs was killed. Then on August 21, one of the party gatherings was attacked with grenades, leading to the [[death]] of 24 party supporters, including the women's secretary in the party. 
Following the end of '''Khaleda Zia'''s government in late October 2006, protests and strikes took place during which 40 people were killed in the following month. It was unclear who would head the caretaker government. The caretaker government had trouble bringing all parties to the negotiating table. The Awami League party and its allies protested and called the caretaker government hired by the Nationalists. The President's advisor talked with all parties to participate in the January 22, 2007 elections. '''Fakhruddin Ahmed''' became the head of government with the support of the Bangladesh Army. 
On July 16, 2007, she was arrested by local police at her home and taken to the Dhaka local court. She was charged with extortion and denied bail and was imprisoned in a building. Her party considered this action politically motivated.
In July 2007, the Dhaka High Court ordered her release on bail. On September 2 of the same year, another charge was raised against her by the Anti-Corruption Commission, which was bribery. On June 11, 2008, she was released for medical reasons. The next day, she went to the [[United States|America]] for treatment of hearing, vision, and high blood pressure problems that had arisen during the imprisonment period. In the municipal elections, her party won in 12 out of 13 municipalities. Her medical release period, which was two months, was extended by another month.

==== Election victory and return to power ====
[[File:واجد 4.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Gathering after coming to power in 2008]]
In November 2008, she returned to her country to participate in the ninth parliamentary elections on December 29 and decided to participate in the elections under the title of Grand Alliance with '''[[Jatiya Party]]''' led by '''[[Hussain Muhammad Ershad]]''' as her main partner. The Awami Party and her Grand Alliance (consisting of 14 parties) won the election and obtained two-thirds of the parliamentary seats. Finally, [[Sheikh Hasina|Hasina Wajed]] took the [[oath|oath]] as Prime Minister for the second term on January 6, 2009. 
In 2012, a coup by army officers against her was exposed by the Indian intelligence agency and failed. Her government succeeded in this period in investigating suspects of crimes committed by the [[Pakistan]] army and its internal mercenaries.

==== 2014 Elections ====
General elections were held in January 2014, which were boycotted by major parties of the opposition alliance including the Nationalists. The Awami League took hold of 234 seats. Hasina formed the government with the Jatiya Party, which had won 34 seats. She became Prime Minister for the third term after winning the January 2014 elections, which were boycotted by the opposition. In March 2017, Bangladesh's first two submarines became operational. In September, her government gave temporary shelters and aid to Rohingya migrants and asked the [[Myanmar]] government to end violence against [[Rohingya Muslims]].

==== 2018 Elections ====
Her affiliated party achieved a decisive victory for the fourth consecutive time in the country's parliamentary elections on December 30, 2018, and won 288 out of 300 seats. As usual, allegations of fraud were raised by opponents. But she has good popularity in this country due to her efforts for the industrial development of Bangladesh<ref>.[https://www.jamaran.news/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84-15/1086994-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C-%D8%A2%D9%87%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B2%D9%86-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1 Taken from Jamaran website].</ref>.

== Trip to Iran ==
=== Meeting with the Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran ===
[[File:واجد 5.jpg|250px|thumb|left|Meeting with the Leader of Iran Seyyed Ali Khamenei in the year 1391 SH]]
[[Sheikh Hasina Wazed]] along with her delegation traveled to [[Islamic Republic of Iran|Iran]] in the year 1391 SH and had a meeting with the Leader of Iran [[Seyyed Ali Hosseini Khamenei|Seyyed Ali Khamenei]]. In this meeting, the following points were stated:
The Leader of Iran said: Deep cultural relations provide a very suitable ground for political, international, economic, and social cooperation. He also stated, referring to the influential position of Bangladesh in the [[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation|Organisation of Islamic Conference]], [[Non-Aligned Movement]], and D8 group, and the cooperation of [[Islamic world|Islamic countries]] and utilizing each other's capacities, will certainly be in the interest of [[Muslim]] nations and their increasing power. 
The only way to confront the policies of bullying powers is the closeness and cooperation of independent and Islamic countries. If this union and cooperation existed seriously, we should not now be witnessing regrettable issues in [[Syria]] and [[Bahrain]]. 
In confirmation of the Leader of Iran's words, she stated: Islamic countries and independent countries must prevent powers from making decisions for other countries by mobilizing their facilities and capacities. Bangladesh seeks to expand its relations with Iran in various fields, especially in economic and commercial sectors<ref>[https://farsi.khamenei.ir/news-content?id=20888 Adapted from the website of the Leader of Iran].</ref>.

== Opposition to Large Iftar Spreads for Ramadan 1445 ==
Sheikh Hasina ordered that to prevent waste in food consumption during the upcoming [[Ramadan|month of Ramadan]], no large-scale Iftar parties should be held. Sheikh Hasina Wazed expressed complaint and disappointment regarding the performance of private institutions in this regard for Iftar. She ordered the head of government that the costs of [[Iftar]] be donated to poor people. She issued this order in a cabinet ministers' session held on 28 February under her presidency.

== Resignation and Flight to India ==
Military officials and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bangladesh confirmed that after thousands of protesters stormed the official residence of "Sheikh Hasina", the Prime Minister of Bangladesh, defying martial law regulations, she resigned from her position.
"Waker-uz-Zaman", the Chief of Army Staff of Bangladesh, immediately announced that following the Prime Minister's resignation and her flight from the capital, an interim government would be formed.
In a televised speech, confirming the Prime Minister's resignation, he said: "We will form an interim government".
The Chief of Army Staff of Bangladesh said that "the country has suffered much damage, the economy has been hit, many people have been killed, and the time has come to stop the violence".
He stated that he has held talks with the President and main opposition parties to form an interim government.

Waker-uz-Zaman, who has served in the army for nearly four decades, added: "If the situation improves, there is no need for emergency conditions", and committed that new officials would "prosecute all killings" after weeks of deadly protests.
Bangladesh has been the scene of widespread and violent protests since July. These protests erupted following a court ruling to restore the old quota system in colleges, universities, and government offices of the country, which had been abolished in 2018 following widespread student protests.

According to this quota system, up to 30 percent of quotas belong to families and relatives of those who fought in the Bangladesh War of Independence against Pakistan in 1971.

Critics say that this quota system is considered a kind of priority and privilege for supporters of the "Bangladesh Awami League" party, which led the independence movement at that time. Sheikh Hasina had been the Prime Minister of Bangladesh since 2009.

== See also ==
* [[Pakistan]]
* [[Mujibur Rahman]]
* [[Awami League Party]]

== Footnotes ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

# [https://jang.com.pk/news/901711 14 people sentenced for plotting to assassinate Sheikh Hasina Wazed]
# [http://www.shabestan.ir/detail/News/555898 Sheikh Hasina Wazed: End the massacre in the name of Islam.]
# [https://aalmiakhbar.com/archives/45260 Pakistan does not want Bangladesh to progress.]
# [https://www.thedailyaftab.com/latestnews/6722/ I want to see humans as humans.]
# [https://www.express.pk/story/216814/ After controversial elections, Sheikh Hasina Wazed was sworn in as Prime Minister of Bangladesh for the third time.]
# [https://www.irna.ir/news/4151028/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE-%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4-%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA Sheikh Hasina Wazed: Bangladesh is the favorite of American companies.]
# [https://fa.alalam.ir/news/6916123/%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%DB%B1%DB%B5-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE-%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%9B-%D9%86%D8 End of Sheikh Hasina's 15-year rule in Bangladesh; Prime Minister fled the country.]

[[Category:Personalities]]
[[Category:Political Figures]]
[[Category:Heads of State]]
[[Category:Heads of Islamic Countries]]
[[Category:Bangladesh]]

Draft:Sheikh Hasina - Revision history

Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی