Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

2026-07-12T07:18:14Z

ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

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{{Infobox person
| name = Sayyid Ahmad Khan
| image = Sayyid Ahmad Khan Hindi.jpg
| birth_name = Sayyid Ahmad Khan
| other_names = Sir Sayyid
| birth_year = 1817
| birth_place = [[India]]
| death_year = 1898
| death_date =
| death_place =
| teachers = {{Unbulleted list|}}
| students = {{Unbulleted list|}}
| religion = [[Islam]]
| sect = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| works = {{Flatlist|Translation|''Book Tafsir al-Quran wa huwa al-Huda wa al-Furqan''}}
| organizations = Translation Society Institute
| website =
}}
'''Sayyid Ahmad Khan Hindi''' was a reformist scholar, Quran exegete, and an Indian materialist interpreter. He has many works on various Islamic topics. He established several schools and Aligarh University.

== Biography ==
Sayyid Ahmad was born on the 5th of Dhu al-Hijjah 1232 AH / 1817 CE in Delhi. He had a genealogy and traced his lineage to [[Muhammad|the Messenger of God]] and took pride in this <ref>Marashi, Collection of Works of Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan, p. 383</ref>. He was the son of Sayyid Muhammad Mutqi Khan. His ancestors came from [[Saudi Arabia|Arabia]] to Herat and during the reign of Emperor Akbar went from there to [[India]]. He became an orphan at the age of nineteen and one year later entered the service of the Indian government. His first mission was the job of clerk in the Criminal Courts Department of Delhi. In the year 1257, he was promoted to the rank of Munsif, i.e., Assistant Judge in Fatehpur Sikri from the districts of Agra, and a few years later authored a book regarding the ancient monuments of Delhi called ''Asar-al-Sanadid''.<ref>Sayyid Ahmad Khan Hindi, [https://rasekhoon.net/article/show/1256808/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C rasekhoon.net]</ref>. He had connections with the [[United Kingdom|occupying English]] in India and in his writings had a materialistic view of religion. At the age of fifty-two, when he took his two children to [[United Kingdom|England]] for further studies, seeing the amazing progress of Europeans up close, rooted his thought deeper in the importance of [[Education]] and upbringing in a new and modern style and inspired by Western culture <ref>Amin Misri, Ahmad, Zuama al-Islah fi al-Asr al-Hadith, p. 138-120.</ref>
After returning, he established a scientific-literary and university society in the style of European universities in Aligarh, India, around which a pioneering intellectual tendency emerged based on the university and its graduates.

== Views ==
He is one of the Indian personalities who made extensive efforts to reconcile new scientific findings with Islamic standards. He became famous among reform-seeking youth. It did not take long before he took up their leadership. In his opinion, the problem of the people of India is not the English, but their own cultural poverty; thus, to grow and elevate the culture of his land, he took action to establish schools and universities: establishment of a school in Bijnor (1859 CE), a school in Ghazipur (1864 CE), Mehr University (the largest Islamic university in the world) (1775 CE) and also Aligarh Hospital (1867 CE). [[Jamal al-Din al-Afghani|Sayyid Jamal al-Din Asadabadi]] is the biggest opposing personality to Sayyid Ahmad Khan and condemns his materialistic view of religion and [[Quran exegesis]]. Sayyid Jamal al-Din, during his stay in [[India]] (1296 AH), became familiar with the thoughts of Sayyid Ahmad Khan and wrote two treatises, one refuting the naturalist thoughts of Sayyid Ahmad Khan and the other refuting his interpretation, and ''Risalah Nichariyah'' of Sayyid Jamal was a response to the thoughts of Sayyid Ahmad <ref>P. Hardy, Muslims of British India, translated by Hassan Lahuti, p. 143.</ref>.
He strove in favor of the English in peacefully extinguishing a revolutionary uprising in which Indians attacked the English <ref>Arifi, Islamic Movement of Pakistan, 1382 SH, p. 64.</ref>.
His important political recommendation for Muslims was that they should, by adhering to the shade of [[Islam]]'s grace, be an independent and single nation themselves. But this adherence to the shade of Islam, in practice, became recourse to the shade of grace of the British Government. The English gave the honorable title of Sir in the year 1305 AH / 1888 CE to Sayyid Ahmad Khan in the direction of strengthening the foundations of Islam and realization of [[Ummah|Islamic Ummah]].

== Founding of University ==
Aligarh University India was established by Sayyid Ahmad Khan. This university is the largest Islamic university in India where in addition to Hindi, English, Persian and Arabic languages are also taught and Islamic sciences and European sciences are both taught there and sciences and arts are mostly studied in Eastern languages. This university has nearly a thousand students and a large number of great teachers and is the only higher school in India that was established only by the effort and money of the natives. This university has an important library and a printing press and a [[Mosque]] and also a weekly newspaper in two languages Urdu and English called ''Dar al-Ulum'' magazine. He was influenced by [[Western science]] which was scientific modernism. He called the Muslim society of India to learn new sciences. With the promotion of new sciences, he established the '''Translation Society''' in 1863 and then opened "Aligarh" University in 1877.
In this university, new sciences and [[Islamic sciences]] were taught side by side. In his belief, the main factor of the backwardness of Muslims is abstaining from learning the knowledge of the time.<ref>Arifi, Islamic Movement of Pakistan, 1382 SH, p. 65.</ref>

== Works ==
Approximately 39 works remain from him and some of them are stated:
* ''Tafsir al-Quran'';
* ''Al-Khutbat al-Ahmadiyah fi al-Arab wa Sirat al-Muhammadiyah'';
* ''Risalah Itaam Ahl al-Kitab'';
* ''Al-Du'a wa al-Istijabah'';
* ''Usul fi Usul al-Tafsir'';
* ''Tafsir al-Jinn wa al-Jan ala ma fi al-Quran'';
* ''Jam-e Jam'';
* ''Intikhab al-Akhawayn'';
* ''Jala al-Qulub bi Dhikr al-Mahbub'';
* ''Tuhfah Hasan'', translation of the tenth and twelfth chapters of ''Tuhfah Ithna Ashar''.<ref>Marashi, Collection of Works of Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan, p. 378-389</ref>.

== Footnotes ==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* Arefi, ''Islamic Movement of Pakistan'', Qom, Bustan-e Kitab Institute, 1382 SH.
* Amin Misri, Ahmad, ''Zu'ama' al-Islah fi al-'Asr al-Hadith'', Sharikat Nawabigh al-Fikr, Cairo, Egypt, 1429 AH.
* Hardy, P., ''Muslims of British India'', trans. Hassan Lahuti, Mashhad, Astan Quds Razavi, 1369 SH.
* Marashi, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, ''Collection of Works of Sir Seyyed Ahmad Khan and a Look at the Book Jam-e Jam'', Payam-e Baharestan, No. 21, 13912 SH.

[[Category:Personalities]]
[[Category:India]]

Draft:Sayyid Ahmad Khan Hindi - Revision history

Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی