Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

2026-07-14T05:25:17Z

ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

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{{جعبه اطلاعات شخصیت
| عنوان = Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi
| تصویر = Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi.jpg
| نام = Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi
| نام‌های دیگر = Qa'id-e-Millat
| سال تولد = 1940 CE
| تاریخ تولد =
| محل تولد = [[پاکستان|Pakistan]]
| سال درگذشت =
| تاریخ درگذشت =
| محل درگذشت =
| استادان = {{فهرست جعبه عمودی | [[سید محمد باقر صدر|Sayyed Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr]] |[[سید ابوالقاسم خوئی|Sayyed Abul-Qasim al-Khoei]] | [[سید روح الله موسوی خمینی|Imam Khomeini]]}}
| شاگردان = {{فهرست جعبه عمودی | Sayyed Iftikhar Naqvi | Ghulam Rasul Irfani}}
| دین = [[اسلام|Islam]]
| مذهب = [[مذهب شیعه|Shia]]
| آثار = {{فهرست جعبه افقی | Translation of ''Lamhatun Dastur al-Jumhuriyah al-Islamiyah''}}
| فعالیت‌ها = Institute of the Assembly of [[مذهب شیعه|Imamiyyah Scholars]]
| وبگاه = {{نشانی وب|jafariapress.com}}
}}

'''Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi''' is the current leader of the [[مذهب شیعه|Shia]] Muslims of [[پاکستان|Pakistan]] and the Representative of the Wali Faqih, member of the Supreme Council of the [[مجمع جهانی اهل بیت|World Assembly of Ahl al-Bayt (AS)]] and the [[مجمع جهانی تقریب مذاهب اسلامی|World Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects]]. He was appointed as the Representative of the Wali Faqih in Pakistan by [[سید روح الله موسوی خمینی|Imam Khomeini]] after [[سید عارف حسین الحسینی|Martyr Arif Hussaini]], and after him by the Leader of [[ایران|Iran]] [[سید علی حسینی خامنه‌ای|Ayatollah Sayyed Ali Khamenei]]. Sajid Ali Naqvi is recognized as one of the proponents of [[وحدت اسلامی|Islamic Unity]] in the [[جهان اسلام|Islamic World]] and Pakistan, and his name is on the list of the 500 most influential [[مسلمان|Muslim]] figures in the world. He is a graduate of the seminaries of [[قم|Qom]] and [[نجف|Najaf]], and has benefited from these two seminaries. Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi took over the leadership of the Shias of this country after the martyrdom of Sayyed Arif Hussain al-Hussaini. He has had many activities in the fields of education, culture, society, and politics. He has been able to establish many institutions to create unity among [[مسلمان|Muslims]], especially among the Muslims of Pakistan.

==Biography==
Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi was born on June 1, 1940 CE in Malhu Wali, a suburb of Attock, Punjab province, [[پاکستان|Pakistan]]<ref>Naqvi, Tazkirat al-Ulama, 1991 CE, p. 84.</ref>.
His name is on the list of the 500 most influential Muslim figures in the world. After Martyr Arif Hussaini, he was appointed as the Representative of the Wali Faqih in Pakistan by the late Sayyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini, and after him by the Leader of Iran Sayyed Ali Khamenei<ref>Iskandari, Religious Trend Identification of Pakistan, 2022 CE, p. 243.</ref>.

==Education==
He began his religious education in the city of Multan, at the Makhzan al-Ulum Jafariya school<ref>Naqvi, Tazkirat al-Ulama, 1991 CE, p. 84.</ref>.
He also completed the Dars-e-Nizamiya curriculum in the same place<ref>Saeidi, Analysis and Critique of the Shia Religious Reformist Trend, 2020 CE, p. 261.</ref>.
Among his teachers, Sayyed Gulab Shah and Muhammad Hussain are notable<ref>Naqvi, Tazkirat al-Ulama, 1991 CE, p. 85.</ref>.
Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi was engaged in teaching [[اهل بیت|Sciences of Ahl al-Bayt (AS)]] at this school from 1958 to 1970 CE<ref>Saeidi, Analysis and Critique of the Shia Religious Reformist Trend, 2020 CE, p. 261.</ref>.
===Najaf Ashraf===
In 1970 CE, he departed for [[نجف اشرف|Najaf Ashraf]] to continue his higher education and studied until 1975 CE. His teachers were as follows:
# Hujjat al-Islam Mudarris Afghani;
# Ayatollah Sheikh Jawad Tabrizi;
# [[سید محمد باقر صدر|Ayatollah Sayyed Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr]];
# [[سید ابوالقاسم خوئی|Ayatollah Sayyed Abul-Qasim al-Khoei]];
# [[امام خمینی (ره)|Imam Khomeini]]<ref>Saeidi, Analysis and Critique of the Shia Religious Reformist Trend, 2020 CE, p. 261.</ref>.

===Qom===
When the Ba'ath Party of [[عراق|Iraq]] expelled Shia scholars from Iraq, he came to [[قم|Qom]] in 1975 CE and participated in the outer lessons of Ayatollah al-Uzma [[سیدمحمدرضا گلپایگانی|Sayyed Mohammad Reza Golpaygani]], and after completing his studies, he engaged in teaching in Qom and [[نجف|Najaf]]. Sayyed Iftikhar Hussain Naqvi and Ghulam Rasul Irfani were among his students <ref>Naqvi, Tazkirat al-Ulama, 1991 CE, p. 86.</ref>.

==Departure to Pakistan==
In 1978 CE, he returned to Rawalpindi and became the senior teacher at Ayatollah Hakim School, and since his entry, this school gained prosperity and new life. He founded the Institute of the Assembly of Imamiyyah Scholars, and this assembly held a [[مذهب شیعه|Shia]] gathering in Islamabad in 1980 CE, and thereby raised the insight and political sentiment of the [[مذهب شیعه|Shia]] Muslims<ref>Saeidi, Analysis and Critique of the Shia Religious Reformist Trend, 2020 CE, p. 262.</ref>.

In addition to activity in the fields of politics and society, he is active in the field of research and investigation. Due to this motivation and interest in research, despite his preoccupations, he wrote the translation of the '''book ''Lamhatun Faqih an Dastur al-Jumhuriyah al-Islamiyah''''' written by Imam Baqir al-Sadr the martyr, may God have mercy on him, into Urdu, which was published by the Propagation Office of [[اسلام آباد|Islamabad]]<ref>Naqvi, Tazkirat al-Ulama, 1991 CE, p. 86.</ref>.

== Leadership of Shia Muslims in Pakistan ==
The Shia Muslims of Pakistan have gone through various periods, and the leadership of Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi began from the year 1988, with the leadership of Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi (First Deputy and Political Advisor to [[سید عارف حسین الحسینی|سید عارف‌ حسین الحسینی]]) starting on 4 September 1988<ref>''Arifi, Jonbesh-e Eslami Pakistan'', 1382 SH, p. 150.</ref>. The fundamental difference between the third period and the second period lay in the macro approach of the Ja'faria Movement towards national issues. The second period was a period of idealism, during which the leader of the Movement engaged in revolutionary struggle against the influence of [[ایالات متحده آمریکا|آمریكا]] and domestic tyranny, and strove to establish an [[حكومت‌ اسلامی‌]] in Pakistan <ref>''Arifi, Jonbesh-e Eslami Pakistan'', 1382 SH, pp. 143, 160.</ref>.
=== National Solidarity ===
However, in the third period, this approach was revised, and the Movement adopted a realistic and somewhat pragmatic strategy. He took measures to quell sectarian conflicts and sought to establish organized relations with Sunni Islamic parties, such as Jamaat-e-Islami, Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan, and Jamiat Ahl-e-Hadith Pakistan. The Federal Religious Minister, Abd al-Sattar Niazi, formed the Committee for Unity among Muslims, with the membership of 30 scholars from Islamic sects, for the unity of [[مذهب شیعه|شیعه‌]] and Sunni Deobandi, Barelvi, and Ahl-e-Hadith groups. They drafted and approved a collection titled '''Code of Ethics''' in Mehr 1370 / September 1994, which the leaders of the Movement also signed<ref>''Javadi, Tahqiqi Dastaviz'', 1997 CE, p. 24.</ref>. In the Code of Ethics, sectarianism in the country was condemned, and adherence to methods for resolving disputes was recommended to the groups<ref>''Gahlavi, Qomi Tahrik aur Qayadat ka Kirdar'', 2019 CE, p. 120.</ref>.

In early 1995, the Movement took another step for unity among [[مذهب|مذاهب‌ اسلامی‌]], which led to the formation of the [[شورای‌ همبستگی‌ ملی پاکستان]] (Milli Yakjehti Council) on 24 March of the same year. In this council, Islamic groups including Tehrik-e-Jafaria, Jamaat-e-Islami, Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (Fazlur Rahman and Samiul Haq groups), Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan, Niazi Group, [[تحریك‌ منهاج‌ القرآن‌]], and Jamiat Ahl-e-Hadith participated <ref>''Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan'', 1995, pp. 13-15.</ref>. The goal of forming this alliance was to end religious conflicts and isolate Sipah-e-Sahaba, and to pressure those [[وهابیت|وهابی]] groups in Egypt to stop their violent operations; however, this alliance could not end the conflicts of the [[فرقه احمدیه|فرقه‌ احمدیه]]. On 27 June 2001, six Islamic parties united in Islamabad under the title Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal. The goal of this alliance was declared to be the establishment of a true Islamic republican system<ref>''Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan'', pp. 2-3.</ref>.

=== Activities ===
The major activities of the Ja'faria Movement during the leadership of Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi in the 1370s SH / 1990s were mainly concentrated in two sections:
=== Educational and Welfare Activities ===
# Islamic Employees (Organization of Islamic Employees), composed of specialists and experts from all fields and branches, such as the Professors Branch, Adolescents Branch, Students Branch, and Physicians Branch. The goal of this organization was to train individuals for employment, create jobs, and combat poverty and unemployment<ref>''Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan'', 1999 CE, p. 11.</ref>.
# Ja'faria Trust (Ja'fari Foundation), which was established in 1369 SH / 1990 with educational, propagational, and welfare objectives. This institution financially supported twelve new schools in the field of education, and in the field of welfare affairs, carried out 95 small projects including bridge construction, dam construction, water diversion, canalization, well digging, piping, road construction, and the like<ref>''Ja'faria Trust'', p. 7.</ref>.
# Pakistan Educational Council. This body was established with the aim of developing education and growing new skills among Shias, especially in deprived areas, on 11 Khordad 1375 / 1 June 1996 in Islamabad, and covered 26 schools and educational centers in Punjab, Baltistan, Sarhad, Gilgit, and Quetta<ref>''Pakistan Educational Council'', pp. 2-3; ''Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan'', 1999, pp. 10-11.</ref>.
=== Political and Legal Activities ===
During the 1990s and the first half of the 2000s, a period marked by efforts to quell conflicts and sectarian tensions, violent and sectarian operations by [[سپاه‌ صحابه‌]] and Lashkar-e-Jhangvi increased significantly. In the 1980s, many individuals affiliated with the Movement for the Implementation of Ja'fari Fiqh were subject to sectarian attacks, but from the early 1990s onwards, all Shias became targets of attacks by Sipah-e-Sahaba and Lashkar-e-Jhangvi in some way. Most attacks during this period were directed at gatherings and worship ceremonies, such as congregational and Friday prayers and mourning rituals, which also resulted in many casualties<ref>''Gahlavi, Qomi Tahrik aur Qayadat ka Kirdar'', 2019 CE, p. 123.</ref>.

== His role in the unity of Pakistani Muslims ==
Azam Tariq, the leader of [[Sipah-e-Sahaba]], who was elected to the Parliament of Pakistan in the 1990 elections, submitted the '''Law of the Sanctity of the Companions''' bill to the parliament in 1993, having collected the signatures of forty representatives; its provisions mandated the preservation of respect for the Companions and deemed opponents of the Companions as apostates<ref>Arifi, ''Shian Pakistan'', 1385 SH, p. 138</ref>. Additionally, the Sharia Bill, which had been one of the important topics of discussion in the legislative parliament of [[Pakistan]] since the time of [[Zia-ul-Haq]], was considered by the Ja'fariya Movement to be in need of amendment. The Ja'fariya Movement was able, through consultation, to prevent the approval of anti-Shia bills in the parliament and government<ref>Naqvi, ''Shian va Chaleshhaye Pishro'', 1384 SH, p. 221.</ref>.

With the continuation of sectarian, ethnic, and political tensions in Pakistan, the social and political situation in the late years of the 1370s SH, equivalent to the 1990s CE, had become severely critical, leading to General [[Pervez Musharraf]]'s coup on 12 October 1999 and the fall of Nawaz Sharif's government. He considered the fight against sectarianism one of his main programs. The incident of 20 Shahrivar 1380 / 11 September 2001 in the [[United States|America]] and the action of America and the Islamic community of North America to combat [[terrorism]], compelled the President of Pakistan to take stricter measures against [[radical Islamic parties]] in the country; therefore, the Musharraf government declared Sipah-e-Sahaba and Jaish-e-Mohammad illegal, and on 12 January 2002, placed the Ja'fariya Movement among them, banning its activities<ref>Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, 2002, pp. 1–3.</ref>.

Afterwards, the Movement changed its name to [[Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan|Islamic Tehrik-e-Pakistan]] and immediately began its activities under the new name; however, on 15 November 2003, the government declared any type of activity by its leaders under any other title illegal. From that date until September 2005, the government sealed the Movement's offices and prevented its gatherings. This government decision caused severe damage to the Movement's organization and practically isolated many of its activists. Sajid Ali Naqvi was compelled to continue his political activities through the [[Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan]], of which the Ja'fariya Movement is one of the members, and to continue public relations through holding or participating in mourning ceremonies and religious programs, and to express his views and positions<ref>Naqvi, ''Shian va Chaleshhaye Pishro'', 1383 SH, p. 220.</ref>.
=== Arrest ===
Concurrently with the banning of the Islamic Movement's activities, Sajid Ali Naqvi was also arrested on charges of involvement in the murder of [[Azam Tariq]], the head of Sipah-e-Sahaba. His arrest led to collective protests by Shias, and prominent Shia elders and scholars formed a committee to resolve the issue and take further actions. He was finally released after four months, on 14 March 2004<ref>Gahlou, ''Qomi Tehrik aur Qayadat ka Kirdar'', 2019 CE, p. 123.</ref>.
=== Release and Resumption of the Movement's Activities ===
Since 2005, the Movement has been trying through legal channels to regain its activity license. In the current situation, its most important goals and demands from the government are:
* Lifting the ban on its activities;
* Securing the social and religious rights of Shias;
* Proportional participation of Shias based on their population in government departments and institutions, especially religious institutions, such as the Council of Islamic Ideology, "Federal Shariat Court", "Shariat Court of the Whole Country", "Ministry of Religious Affairs", "Islamic Research Bureau";
* Freedom to hold mourning ceremonies<ref>Naqvi, ''Shian va Chaleshhaye Pishro'', 1383 SH, pp. 116–118.</ref>.
The Ja'fariya Movement has shown attention to participating in political and electoral activities since approximately 1984. The Movement's policy initially was alliance with other parties or support for candidates of other parties<ref>Husseini, ''Mithaq-e-Khoon'', Lahore 1997, p. 70.</ref>. However, in the 1998 elections, it entered the electoral contest as an independent party, although it failed to send a representative to the parliament.<ref>Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, 199, p. 7.</ref>.

== Political Activities ==
The Movement achieved tangible successes only in two elections, 1994 and 1997. In the October 1997 elections, in the northern areas, it was able to secure eight out of 24 seats of the '''Northern Areas Council''' (Council of Northern Regions)<ref>Husseini Abadi, ''Tarikh-e-Baltistan'', 2004 CE, p. 312.</ref>. In the 1997 elections, it joined the [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|Muslim League]] coalition and, by supporting Nawaz Sharif, managed to send Sayyid Jawad Hadi, one of the clerics of Pakistan, to the Senate and individuals to the Council Parliament<ref>Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, 1999, p. 10.</ref>. The Ja'fari Movement's relations with the government, based on political conditions, have had ups and downs. So far, the Movement has mostly been in the opposition front against the government, such that it is a member of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal coalition, which forms the strongest opposition grouping in the parliament. The Movement also has good relations with the Islamic Republic of Iran, the [[Qom Hawza|Hawza Ilmiyya of Qom]], and sources of emulation in Qom and Najaf Ashraf. Friendly relations with Islamic movements in other countries and support for the Palestinian Intifada and holding rallies on Quds Day (the last Friday of the month of Ramadan each year) are among other actions of the Movement<ref>Gahlou, ''Qomi Tehrik aur Qayadat ka Kirdar'', 2019 CE, p. 211.</ref>.

== Notes ==
{{پانویس}}

==Sources==
# Eskandari, Mustafa, ''An Introduction to the Recognition of Religious Currents in Pakistan'', Tehran, World Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects, 1st ed, 1401 SH.
# Saeidi, Farman Ali, ''Analysis and Critique of the Shia Religious Reformists Current in Pakistan'', Qom, Al-Mustafa International University, 1399 SH.
# Naqvi, Sayyed Arif Hussain, ''Tazkirat Ulama-e-Imamiya Pakistan'', translated by Mohammad Hashem, Mashhad, Islamic Researches, Astan Quds Razavi, 1370 SH. Islamic *Tehrik Pakistan, ''Constitution of Islamic Tehrik Pakistan'', Rawalpindi 2002 CE.
# Pakistan Educational Council, ''Pakistan Educational Council: An Overview'', Rawalpindi, n.d.; Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, ''Ban on Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan: In the Mirror of Facts'', Rawalpindi, 2002 CE.
# Jawadi, Malik Aftab Hussain, ''Research Documents'', Rawalpindi.
# Cheragh, Mohammad Ali, ''History of Pakistan'', Lahore, 1990 CE.
# Hussainabadi, Mohammad Yusuf, ''History of Baltistan'', Skardu 2003 CE.
# Hussaini, Arif Hussain, ''Covenant of Blood'', Lahore 1997 CE.
# ''Biography of Martyr Ayatollah Arif Hussain al-Hussaini from Birth to Martyrdom'', Prepared by: Shahid al-Hussaini Institute, Qom: Shahed Publishing.
# Arefi, Mohammad Akram, ''Islamic Movement of Pakistan: Examining the Factors of Failure in Establishing an Islamic System'', Qom 1382 SH.
# Fahim Abbas, ''From Karbala Mualla to Which Karbala: History of Jafaria Martyrs of Balochistan'', Quetta 2004 CE.
# Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan, ''Constitution and Charter of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan'', Faisalabad: Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan.
# ''Al-Nasrah'', No. 12, March – May 1988 CE.
# Naqvi, Sajid Ali, "Shias and Emerging Challenges: Political, Economic and Cultural Status of Shias in Pakistan", ''Specialized Quarterly of Shia Studies'', Year 3, No. 10 (Summer 1384 SH).
# Gahlo, Imdad Ali, ''Ethnic Movement and the Role of Leadership'', Islamabad, Ashiqan-e-Millat Quaid Jafaria Pakistan, 2nd ed, 2019 CE.

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Draft:Sayyed Sajid Ali Naqvi - Revision history

Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی