Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

2026-08-17T07:51:54Z

ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

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{{Infobox person
| name = Sadiq al-Mahdi
| image = صادق المهدی.jpg
| full_name = Al-Sadiq Al-Siddiq Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi
| birth_date = 25 December 1935
| birth_place = [[Omdurman]], [[Sudan]]
| death_date = 2020
| death_place = [[United Arab Emirates]]
| religion = [[Islam]]
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| notable_works = {{flatlist|''The Future of Islam in Sudan''|''Islam and the New World Order''|''Whither Sudan?''}}
| occupation = {{flatlist|Former [[Prime Minister of Sudan]]|President of the [[Umma Party (Sudan)|Umma Party]]|Founding member of the [[Global Union for the Rapprochement of Political Activists' Institutions]] and the [[World Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects]]}}
}}

'''Sadiq al-Mahdi''' was the former [[Prime Minister of Sudan]], head of the [[Umma Party (Sudan)|Umma Party]], and a founding member of the [[Global Union for the Rapprochement of Political Activists' Institutions]] and the [[World Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects]].

== Birth ==
Sadiq al-Mahdi was born on 25 December 1935 in Omdurman, Sudan.

== Al-Mahdi: A Statesman of Thought and Reform ==
Sadiq al-Mahdi, a renowned politician and head of the Umma Party (Al-Umma) of Sudan, passed away in November 2020 at the age of 85 due to COVID-19. During his relatively long political career, Sadiq al-Mahdi served twice as the head of the vast land of Sudan in the capacity of Prime Minister (the highest government post in the parliamentary system): his first term of leadership was in his youth after Sudan's independence (1956) from [[Colonialism|British colonial rule]] and between the years 1966 and 1967.

The military coup of [[Jaafar Nimeiry]] and his rule until 1985 kept Sudan under the yoke of his dictatorship until in that year, due to the deterioration of the economic situation and the intensification of the civil war in the south, [[Jaafar Nimeiry|Nimeiry]] was ousted from power by the [[Coups d'état in Sudan|coup]] of General Swar al-Dahab. Swar al-Dahab, who was a well-regarded military figure, quickly handed the country over to civilians, and thus Sadiq al-Mahdi was elected to this position by the parliament for the second time between the years 1986 and 1989.

The coup of General [[Omar al-Bashir]] in 1989, which was carried out in collusion with the country's second most influential party ([[Muslim Brotherhood in Sudan|Muslim Brotherhood]]), which [[Hasan al-Turabi]], another prominent politician, was leading, overthrew the legal and elected government of Sadiq al-Mahdi. Contrary to Turabi's expectation, who aspired to leadership, the country's political system, like the period of General Jaafar Nimeiry (1969-89), came under the dominance of the military.

Sadiq al-Mahdi was arrested and imprisoned several times during his political life, the last of which was in 2014 during the rule of and in criticism of the government of Omar al-Bashir.

He had previously been arrested and imprisoned several times in the years 1969, 1973, 1983, and 1989. Interestingly, Hasan al-Turabi, who played a key role in overthrowing Sadiq al-Mahdi's government, also spent some time in General al-Bashir's prison. Sadiq al-Mahdi was a graduate of the [[University of Oxford]].

== Works ==
Numerous works remain from him, including ''The Future of Islam in Sudan'', ''Islam and the New World Order'', and ''Whither Sudan?''.

[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Sudan]]
[[Category:Sudanese politicians]]
[[Category:University of Oxford alumni]]
[[Category:Sunni Muslims]]

[[fa:صادق المهدی]]

== Special Characteristics of Sadiq al-Mahdi ==
# The al-Mahdi family holds a special status in the religious-political arena of Sudan. [[Muhammad Ahmad al-Mahdi|Imam Muhammad Ahmad al-Mahdi]], known as the "[[Muhammad Ahmad al-Mahdi|Sudanese Mahdi]]," the grandfather of Sadiq al-Mahdi, between the years 1881 to 1885 under the name "Mahdist Movement," undertook the leadership of struggles against the Turkish ([[Ottoman]]) - [[Arab Republic of Egypt|Egyptian]] occupiers who had ruled over the vast land of Sudan since 1820, raising the banner of struggle. Muhammad Ahmad al-Mahdi, claiming [[Mahdism]], gathered many supporters around himself and with a movement titled "Mahdists," defeated the occupiers and expelled them from Sudan. After the death of the Sudanese Mahdi in 1885, [[Abd al-Rahman al-Mahdi]], the grandfather of Sadiq al-Mahdi and founder of the Ansar Party, engaged in struggle against General Charles George Gordon, who was first appointed as Governor-General of Sudan by the Khedive of the [[Arab Republic of Egypt|Egypt]] and after Sudan's separation from Egypt (1884) by the [[United Kingdom]], until 1886 and his defeat against British and [[France]] forces who had attacked Sudan from two fronts, north and west, it became a British colony until 1965. The Mahdist sect and its political party, known as "Ansar," alongside the "Khatmiyyah" sect under the leadership of the Mirghani family, are the two great [[Sufism|Sufi]] families in Sudan.
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# Sadiq al-Mahdi is a graduate with a master's degree in Philosophy and Economics from Oxford University (1957), who from the very beginning of his youth started the struggle against [[Colonialism|colonialism]] of the [[United Kingdom|British]]. Al-Mahdi, following his ancestors, was a devout and committed Muslim and while believing in people's freedom in religious rituals, considered Islam a factor of national unity in the vast country of Sudan, and despite affiliation with the Mahdist sect, was a free-thinking intellectual, reformist, and believer in governance based on [[Democracy|democracy]] and popular sovereignty through free elections. Al-Mahdi during his second premiership intended to solve the "South Sudan" problem, which had started since Nimeiry and at the instigation of the [[United Kingdom|England]] and neighboring [[Christian]] governments, through solutions based on autonomy and preserving the territorial integrity of Sudan. The coup of Omar al-Bashir and the removal of Sadiq al-Mahdi, provided the opportunity for the rebel leaders of the South to establish a country under the name "South Sudan" separated from the main land in 2011, under the incompetent government of General Omar al-Bashir and with international pressure, a large part of the Sudanese land where most of the oil resources, Nile water reserves, and forests of this country are located. A country that despite immense wealth, currently ranks among the poorest and most corrupt countries in the world.
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# The people of Sudan due to historical and civilizational characteristics and despite poverty enjoy a high level of culture and influence. In fact, Sudan geographically is an extension of Egypt and culturally alongside this country is a major cultural producer of the [[Arab World|Arab world]]. Until a few years ago, a significant portion of university professors, employed engineers, and even physicians of the [[Persian Gulf|Gulf]] countries were formed by Sudanese graduates. This characteristic, as we witnessed, caused the formation of resistance and protest against the normalization of relations with the [[Zionist regime|Israel]] in Khartoum and other major cities of Sudan. [[Sadiq al-Mahdi]] himself also had a deep belief in the issue of Palestine and opposed any "normalization" of Arab relations with Israel. He had stated in a meeting titled "Dangers of Compromise with the [[Zionist regime]]" in Khartoum, "The current normalization plan has no connection with peace. Israel is not a natural state but something contrary to the norm and imposed, and we must take the same position that we had against [[Apartheid]] in [[South Africa]], now against the [[Racism|racism]] of the Zionist regime." Al-Mahdi evaluated the normalization of relations of Arab countries with the [[Zionist regime|Israel]] as strengthening the chance of [[Donald Trump]], President of the [[United States|America]] in the next elections and saving [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] and also paving the way for [[War|war]] with the [[Islamic Republic of Iran|Iran]]. [[Hezbollah Lebanon]] in issuing a statement remembered Sadiq al-Mahdi as a personality of "Thought and [[Jihad|struggle]] in the way of [[God]], supporter of the cause of [[Palestine]] and [[Axis of Resistance|Resistance]] and opponent of any kind of normalization of relations with the Zionist regime especially normalization of relations between Khartoum and [[Tel Aviv]]."
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# Sadiq al-Mahdi was among the loyal friends of [[Ruhollah Khomeini|Imam Khomeini]] and serious supporters of the [[Islamic Revolution of Iran|Islamic Revolution]]. He traveled to Iran after assuming premiership. He also traveled to Iran after the premiership period and was among the politicians supporting the Dialogue Among Civilizations plan of [[Mohammad Khatami|Sayyid Mohammad Khatami]] (President of the Reformist period). For this reason, wealthy and compromising Arab countries did not support him during his reign in the years 1986 to 1989. Unfortunately, after the overthrow of Sadiq al-Mahdi, Iran with the assumption of "coming to power of an Islamic government" supported [[Omar al-Bashir]] and multiple visits were conducted between the two countries at the level of presidents.
Iran placed generous aids at the disposal of a government that not only due to incompetence caused the separation of a large part of a large Islamic country, but ultimately cut relations with Iran, joined the [[Saudi Arabia|Saudi]] coalition in the attack on [[Yemen]] and finally as mentioned, agreed to establish relations with the [[Zionist regime|Israel]]<ref>Author: Dr. Javad Ghorbanoghli (Director General of Africa at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Reformist Government)</ref><ref>Adapted from the Shargh Newspaper website [https://www.magiran.com/article/4119263 Adapted from Shargh Newspaper Archive]</ref>.

== Presence at the Islamic Ummah Unity Conference ==
[[Islamic Ummah Unity Conference Tunisia|The Islamic Ummah Unity Conference in Tunisia]] was held with the efforts of the [[Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects|Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects]], the Iranian Cultural Counsel, and the Global Moderation Association in [[Tunisia|the country of Tunisia]].

In this conference, dozens of religious, cultural, and academic scholars and elites, as well as some heads of Tunisian parties, [[Sadiq al-Mahdi|Sadiq al-Mahdi]], the former Prime Minister of Sudan, and Ayatollah [[Mohsen Araki|Mohsen Araki]], the Secretary-General of the Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects, participated.

The Secretary-General of the Assembly for Approximation of Islamic Sects, at the "Islamic Ummah Unity" conference held in Tunisia, said: "Would it not be better for [[Yusuf al-Qaradawi|Yusuf al-Qaradawi]] and others like him, instead of fanning the flames of [[war|war]] in [[Syria|Syria]], to draw people's attention to the real enemy, namely the usurping [[Zionism|Zionist]] regime?"<ref>[http://www.qudsonline.ir/news/132644/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%81%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C-%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C%D9%85 Quoted from Quds Online News Agency]</ref>.

== Sadiq al-Mahdi's Support for the Actions of the Islamic Republic of Iran ==
[[File:صادق المهدی و خامه یار.jpg|frameless|left]]
Abbas Khamahyar, the Cultural Counsel of the [[Islamic Republic of Iran|Iran]] in [[Lebanon|Lebanon]], wrote in a note on the occasion of the death of [[Sadiq al-Mahdi|Sadiq al-Mahdi]], the former Prime Minister of Sudan: "Perhaps there are few among my contemporaries who do not know 'Sadiq al-Mahdi', the former Prime Minister and head of the 'Ummah' Party of Sudan, who passed away on early Thursday morning, 6th of Azar (26 November 2020 (CE)), due to coronavirus at the age of 85, and are not aware of his prominent presence in the regional and international political arena.

Sadiq al-Mahdi and his political party played a prominent and influential role in the developments of [[North Africa|North Africa]] and the Arab Maghreb in the last half-century. In addition to the presidency of the 'Ummah' Party in Sudan, he held the position of Prime Minister of that country from 1986 to 1989, which was overthrown in 1989 following the coup of '[[Omar al-Bashir|Omar al-Bashir]]', and thereafter, al-Bashir abolished the position of Prime Minister of Sudan.

The Ummah Party, which Sadiq al-Mahdi headed, is the largest political party in Sudan and has always been considered a strong opponent of the normalization of relations between this country and the [[Zionist regime|Zionist regime]].
He stood firmly, bravely, and honestly on this position until the last moments of his life, despite numerous threats and bribes from regional powers, and no threat or encouragement could shake his will.

Sadiq al-Mahdi was very intelligent, witty, realistic, and real-world. He knew the popular movement and the Islamic Revolution of Iran and had special and particular respect for the Iranian nation and always supported the positions of the Islamic Republic; both when he was within the government and when he was outside it.

I had known Sadiq al-Mahdi for years and met with him in [[Tehran|Tehran]], Khartoum, and Doha. The last time was when we were both guests of the Qataris to participate in the annual symposium of the [[Al Jazeera Center for Studies|Al Jazeera]] Center for Studies in [[Qatar|Qatar]] on 15 and 16 April 2017 (CE) for the conference 'Crisis of the State and the Future of the Regional System in the Middle East'."

What reminds me of him most in these difficult regional conditions and in his sad absence is a sentence he said to me after the end of my speech at the conference.

The topic and title of my speech was, "A Review of One Hundred Years of the [[Balfour Declaration|Balfour Declaration]]: The Reason for the Existence of the Future of Israel in the Region", which faced a reaction from a number of Syrian opponents who had gathered at that conference from various countries.
The late Sadiq al-Mahdi sat me next to himself (as shown in the photo below) and while praising and confirming my remarks and repeating the sentence: "Bravo upon you", stated: "Doctor! Do not be sad! Two-thirds of the crowded population of this hall are heartfeltly with Iran and you. But what can we do that..." (He continued his sentence by rubbing two fingers of his hand together, which is a common gesture for receiving money).
I nodded and asked: "Your Excellency the President! Does it mean, in the words of the Master of Martyrs (peace be upon him): 'Their hearts are with us, but their swords are upon us'?". With a nod of his head, he gave me his answer.
<ref>[https://iqna.ir/fa/news/3937554/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF Quoted from IQNA News Agency]</ref>.

== Death ==
[[File:تشییع صادق المهدی.jpg|frameless|left]]
Sadiq al-Mahdi passed away on 26 November 2020 (CE) (early Thursday morning, 6th of [[Azar|Azar]]) due to coronavirus at the age of 84.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[fa:صادق المهدی]]

== Condolence messages on the occasion of the death of Sadiq al-Mahdi ==

=== Message of Hezbollah Lebanon Movement ===

The [[Hezbollah|Hezbollah Lebanon]] movement announced in a statement on Thursday that Sadiq al-Mahdi was one of the figures of thought and jihad in the way of God and a defender of the cause of [[Palestine]] and the path of the [[Axis of Resistance|Resistance]].

Hezbollah offered condolences to his family and supporters on the death of al-Mahdi, who was previously the Prime Minister of Sudan, and emphasized that he was opposed to any kind of normalization of relations with the Zionist regime, especially the normalization of relations between Sudan and this regime.

The Hezbollah statement stated: "The late al-Sadiq was known for his great care and attention to the unity and integrity of the people of Sudan and the preservation of their national and Islamic identity."

Sudanese media reported that the former Prime Minister of Sudan died early Thursday morning at the age of 84 due to infection with the coronavirus.

The [[Hamas|Islamic Resistance Movement of Palestine]] ([[Hamas]]) also offered condolences in a statement and appreciated his positions in support of Palestine and the rights of the people of this country.

Sadiq al-Mahdi, in a note in response to the possibility of Sudan's normalization with the [[Israeli regime|Tel Aviv regime]] in exchange for lifting [[United States|America]] sanctions against Khartoum, had written: "Compromise with Israel will never financially help Sudan and will not lift the imposed sanctions against it."

The head of the Umma Party of Sudan had emphasized: "Those who say that compromise with Israel serves Sudan's interests are delusional." According to al-Mahdi, relations with Israel are acceptable under the shade of a just peace, but under the shade of the Deal of the Century, it is a national, ethnic, Islamic, and international betrayal<ref>[https://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/1017553/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA-%DA%AF%D9%81%D8%AA Source text of the statement]</ref>.

=== Islamic World Assembly of Approximation of Islamic Sects ===

The [[Islamic World Assembly of Approximation of Islamic Sects]] offered condolences on the death of Sayyid Sadiq al-Mahdi, head of the [[Umma Party (Sudan)|Umma Party of Sudan]] and former Prime Minister of this country, by publishing a message.

The text of the message is as follows:

Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un (We belong to God and to Him we return)

The soul of Sayyid Sadiq al-Mahdi, the great mujahid, after spending a life of intellectual, cultural, educational, and political leadership of the Islamic Ummah, departed to the divine mercy.

The entire [[Islamic world]] and especially the Sudanese community have lost this prominent figure and the resistant Sudanese leader who stood firm against challenges for a lifetime.

Sadiq al-Mahdi (may God have mercy on him) in his positions relied on three "nos": no to normalization of relations with Israel, no to surrender, and no to defeat. He had inherited the slogan "Hayhat minna al-dhilla" (Humiliation is far from us) from his fathers and ancestors and was a brave preacher for the dignity of Sudan and the [[Islamic Ummah]].

The rejection of normalization of relations with the Zionist regime and the strengthening of the spirit of resistance in all his positions was evident in that late Sayyid, and his voice and his resistant spirit in Sudan will remain to fight against the traitors to the rights of the Sudanese nation and the Islamic Ummah.

We convey our condolences to the family of that great deceased in the brotherly country, Sudan, and the friends and people of this country, and we ask God Almighty to hand over the flag of dignity and honor and the rejection of normalization and surrender to the generation that was educated by him, and may his soul be satisfied in the vicinity of his Lord. May God's pleasure be upon him and may God gather him with the [[Ahl al-Bayt|Ahl al-Bayt]] of [[Infallibility]] and [[Purity|Purity (peace be upon them)]] and grant patience to his family<ref>[https://www.ilna.news/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-3/1004187-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA-%DA%AF%D9%81%D8%AA According to ILNA News Agency]</ref>.

=== Arab League ===

[[Ahmed Aboul Gheit]], Secretary-General of the [[Arab League]], today (Thursday) in a message offered condolences on the death of "Sadiq al-Mahdi", head of the Umma Party of Sudan and former Prime Minister of this country due to infection with the coronavirus.

He said: History will remember Sadiq al-Mahdi as a great and wise president who believed in political dialogue as a means to advance the affairs of his country and sacrificed his life in defense of his homeland and Arab identity.

Aboul Gheit added: We offer condolences on the death of Sadiq al-Mahdi to the government and people of Sudan, as well as the Umma Party of Sudan and his family and lovers.

"Sadiq al-Mahdi", the former Prime Minister of Sudan who headed the "Umma" Party, passed away last night at the age of 85 in a hospital in the [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]] due to infection with Corona.

He was the leader of the Umma Party and the last Prime Minister of Sudan before the coming to power of Omar al-Bashir, the former president of this country in 1989 CE, because after that the position of Prime Minister of Sudan was dissolved by order of al-Bashir.

Sadiq al-Mahdi spent more than 7 years of his life in Sudanese prisons and also spent several years in exile. The Umma Party under his presidency is the largest political party in Sudan and is strongly opposed to the normalization of relations of this country with the Zionist regime.

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== References ==

[[Category:Deaths from COVID-19 in Sudan]]
[[Category:Sudanese politicians]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]

[[fa:پیام‌های تسلیت به مناسبت درگذشت صادق المهدی]]

[[Sadiq al-Mahdi]] announced his opposition to the normalization agreement by issuing a statement a few days before the announcement of the normalization of relations between [[Sudan]] and [[Israel]]. He said: "The position of the [[Umma Party]] regarding the process of normalizing relations with the Zionist regime is a principled position and is not based on the position of Arab countries. It is a form of 'blackmail' that Sudan has undertaken by bargaining to receive negligible financial aid in exchange for normalizing relations with [[Tel Aviv]]."<ref>[https://fa.shafaqna.com/news/1052317/ Source mentioning the statement]</ref>.

== Succession of Sadiq al-Mahdi ==

Following his death, Sadiq al-Mahdi, the leader of the Sudanese Umma Party, party officials appointed [[Fadlallah Burmah Nasir]], his first deputy, as the interim successor to the deceased leader of the party.

According to this report, Fadlallah Burmah Nasir will head the party until the Umma Party's general conference is held.

Burmah Nasir stated in this regard: "Sadiq al-Mahdi established capable institutions and organizations that are able to fulfill their roles."

He emphasized the unity of the Umma Party, continuing the path and implementing Sadiq al-Mahdi's vision, as well as holding the party's general conference as soon as possible.

The Sudanese official further stated that "Abdalmahmoud Abu" will serve as the prayer leader for the party's supporters until the Umma Party's general conference is held<ref>[https://www.isna.ir/news/99090805706/%D8%AA%D8%B9%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D8%AA-%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%BE%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C Quoted from ISNA news agency]</ref>.

== Notes ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Personalities]]
[[Category:Members of Islamic Unity Unions]]
[[Category:Sudan]]

[[fa:صادق المهدی]]

Draft:Sadiq al-Mahdi - Revision history

Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی