Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

2026-06-13T04:26:03Z

ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

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{{Infobox person
| title = Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
| image = 220px-Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani.jpg
| name = Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
| other_names =
| birth_year = 1952 AD
| birth_date =
| birth_place = Qatar
| death_year =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| teachers =
| students =
| religion =
| sect =
| works =
| occupation = Former Emir of Qatar from 1995 to 2013
| website =
}}
'''Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani''' (born 1 January 1952 in Doha) was the Emir of the country of [[Qatar]] from 27 June 1995 until 2013. On 25 June of that year, he voluntarily handed over power to his son [[Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani|Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani]].

== Biography ==
His father, Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, is the former Emir of the country of Qatar. He completed his preliminary education in Qatar and then went to England where he studied at a military academy. Afterwards, he returned to his country and in 1971 began serving in the Qatar Armed Forces with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and command of the country's First Battalion was assigned to him.

In 1972, when his father, [[Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani]], took power in [[Qatar]], he was also promoted and selected as the Commander-in-Chief of the Qatar Armed Forces.

Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani took power from his father in a bloodless coup in 1995, while his father was in [[Switzerland]], and became the Emir of the country. After removing his father from power, he said in a short television speech: "I am not happy about what happened, but it was something that had to be done and I did it"<ref>"Emir of Qatar deposed by his son". The Independent. 1995-06-28. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
</ref>.

== Political Policies ==
During his emirate over Qatar, the country's permanent constitution was drafted and approved, and the first council elections in Qatar were also held during his period of power in the country.

Also, during his leadership, elections for the selection of members of the Chamber of Commerce and the selection of members of the Qatar Industries Board were held.

The former Emir of Qatar expanded press freedom in Qatar after abolishing the Ministry of Information in the country; also, efforts are now being made to hold the first parliamentary elections in the country soon.

However, during his period of power over the country, in an action that provoked the protest of the Human Rights Defense Organization, he invalidated the passports of more than 6,000 citizens of this country who were from the Al Murrah tribe, because he accused them of having two identity cards and nationalities.

=== Foreign Policy ===
Hamad Al Thani, after coming to power, tried to have good relations with the US and Israel; therefore, he established a large base for American forces at Al Sailiya camp, which is considered the largest US military base in the Middle East region; from this military base, the US carried out multiple military operations against Afghanistan and Iraq<ref>[https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1392/04/04/85491/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AE-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%87-%D8%A2%D9%84-%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF Tasnim News Agency website]</ref>.

== Abdication ==
Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani officially abdicated power in June 2013 after 18 years of rule, having come to power via a coup against his father, and made his son Sheikh Tamim his successor<ref>[https://www.hamshahrionline.ir/news/144813/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%87-%D8%A2%D9%84-%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-1952 Hamshahri Online website]</ref>. Al Jazeera television, after announcing this transfer of power, broadcast images showing princes, officials, merchants, influential members of the Al Thani family, and Qatar tribal leaders pledging allegiance to the new Emir of the country. On that day, Qatar was on holiday, and various radio and television networks of the country regularly asked people to come to the Emir's palace to pledge allegiance to Sheikh Tamim.

It is not yet clear whether Sheikh Hamad's decision to abdicate power was a personal decision or whether he took this action according to the order of a third country.

Prior to that, the newspaper Al-Safir of [[Lebanon]] had written that an American envoy had communicated Washington's definitive decision regarding the abdication of the Emir of Qatar to him and asked him to replace himself with the person desired by the US.

The American publication Times also cited Qatar's failure in confronting the Assad government and the worsening image of the country in the public opinion of the region's people as reasons for the transfer of power from Sheikh Hamad to Sheikh Tamim<ref>Kayhan newspaper, Wednesday 5 Tir 1392, Issue 20526</ref>.

== Children ==
Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani has three wives and 24 children (11 sons and 13 daughters).

His first marriage was to his cousin, Sheikha Maryam bint Muhammad Al Thani. Sheikh Hamad and his first wife have two sons and six daughters:

Sheikh Mishal bin Hamad Al Thani (born 1972), Sheikh Fahd bin Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Aisha bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Fatima bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Rawda bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Hessa bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Mashael bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Sara bint Hamad Al Thani,

Sheikh Hamad married his second wife, Sheikha Moza bint Nasser, in 1977, and has five sons and two daughters from her:

Sheikh [[Jassim bin Hamad Al Thani]] (born 1978) – Crown Prince of Qatar until 2003, [[Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani|Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani]] (born 1980) – Current Emir of Qatar and Crown Prince of Qatar between 2003 and 2013, Sheikha Mayassa bint Hamad Al Thani (born 1983), Sheikha Hind bint Hamad Al Thani (born 1984), Sheikh Joaan bin Hamad Al Thani (born 1984), Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad Al Thani (born 1988), Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (born 1991),

Sheikh Hamad's third wife, Sheikha Noora bint Khalid Al Thani, is another cousin of his. He has four sons and five daughters from his third wife:

Sheikh Khalid bin Hamad Al Thani, [[Sheikh Abdullah bin Hamad Al Thani]] – Deputy Emir of Qatar since 11 November 2014, Sheikh Thani bin Hamad Al Thani, Sheikh Qaqa bin Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Lolwah bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Maha bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Dana bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Anoud bint Hamad Al Thani, Sheikha Maryam bint Hamad Al Thani

== Footnotes ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:People]]
[[Category:Political figures]]
[[Category:Heads of state]]
[[Category:Heads of state of Islamic countries]]
[[Category:Qatar]]

Draft:Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani - Revision history

Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی