Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

2026-05-11T10:40:25Z

ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

New page

{{Infobox person
| title = Lady Aminah
| image = Aminah.jpg
| name = Aminah bint Wahb
| other_names =
| birth_year =
| birth_date = c. 557 CE
| birth_place = [[Yathrib]]
| death_year =
| death_date =
| death_place = 47 BH (Before Hijra)
| teachers =
| students =
| religion =
| sect =
| works =
| activities = Mother of [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny)]]
| website =
}}
'''Aminah bint Wahb ibn Abd Manaf''' was the mother of [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny)]]. In terms of lineage, modesty, etiquette, and purity, she was among the most virtuous daughters of the [[Quraysh]]. In the seventh year after the [[Year of the Elephant|Year of the Elephant]], Aminah took her son, [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|Muhammad]], to [[Medina]] to visit the grave of his father, Abdullah, and to meet Abdullah's uncles from the Banu Najjar tribe. She passed away on the return journey at a place called "Abwa'," near Medina, and was buried there.

== Lineage of Aminah ==
Aminah was the daughter of Wahb ibn Abd Manaf. Her respected grandmother was "Barrah," daughter of Abd al-Uzza<ref>Riyahin al-Shari'ah, by Zabihullah Mahallati, Vol. 2, p. 386.</ref>. Both of these noble women traced their noble lineage back to Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy. In fact, Aminah's father and mother were cousins, sharing similar noble traits.
The "Banu Zuhrah" clan consistently participated in the great honors of the [[Quraysh]] and the magnificent events of [[Mecca]], leaving a golden page in Meccan history adorned with their achievements.

Abd Manaf, the third great-grandfather of [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|the Prophet of Islam]], was named Mughirah and was known as "Qamar al-Batha'" (Moon of Mecca)<ref>Excerpts from the History of the Prophet of Islam, by Ja'far Subhani, p. 38.</ref>. He held a special place in the hearts of the people. Historians write about him: "His motto was piety, calling to [[taqwa]] (God-consciousness), good conduct toward people, and maintaining kinship ties. The provision of water and hospitality for pilgrims to the [[Masjid al-Haram|House of God]] belonged to the descendants of [[Abd Manaf|Abd Manaf]], and this honorable position remained intact until the time of the Prophet." Aminah, daughter of "Qamar al-Batha'" (Moon of Mecca), inherited not only physical beauty but also qualities such as piety and kindness toward people from her father. "Barrah," Aminah's mother, also belonged to the noble and honorable clan of "Banu Kilab." She shared lineage with Wahb ibn Abd Manaf. Barrah's mother, Umm Habibah, was also from this same lineage and is considered one of the most beautiful manifestations of the "Pure Kinship Ties."

== Noble Characteristics of Aminah ==
What immortalizes a person above all else is their noble qualities and virtuous character. The moral traits of individuals reflect the greatness of their personality.
The most prominent of these qualities are expressed by [[Abd al-Muttalib]], the Elder of Batha'. Before proposing marriage on behalf of his son, Abd al-Muttalib approached Abdullah, the young, accomplished, and handsome man of the [[Banu Hashim]], and said:

"My son, Aminah is a girl from your relatives, and there is no girl in Mecca like her." He then stated:
"By Allah, there is no girl among the daughters of the people of Mecca like her, for she is modest in herself, pure, purified, wise, and religious.<ref>Bihar al-Anwar, by Allamah Majlisi, Vol. 15, p. 99.</ref> By the might and glory of [[God]], there is no girl in Mecca like her (Aminah).

For she is modest and well-mannered, possesses a pure soul, and is wise, understanding, and faithful." The depth of her insight, chastity, and purity was such that history records:

"She (Aminah) was, at that time, regarding lineage and marriage, the most virtuous among the daughters of the Quraysh<ref>The Mother of the Prophet, by Dr. Bint al-Shati, translated by Dr. Ahmad Beheshti, p. 99.</ref>."
Another prominent trait of this lady was her simple lifestyle and avoidance of material ostentation.
This is evidenced by the saying of [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny)]]:
"Innama ana ibn imra'atin min Quraysh ta'kul al-qadid"<ref>Ibid., p. 18.</ref> "Verily, I am the son of a woman from the Quraysh who ate dried meat."

== Some of Aminah's Prominent Traits ==

=== Devoutness (Dinah) ===
The Noble Prophet of Islam was referred to as "Sayyid al-Nas wa Diyan al-Arab" (the Master of People and the Most Devout among the Arabs). [[Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him)]] has also been praised with this description: "He was the most devout." Some interpret the term "din" (devoutness) as obedience, while others define it as everything through which one worships God<ref>Monjed al-Tollab, p. 231.</ref>. However, some short-sighted individuals, who view surrounding matters through a materialistic lens, claim that:

"Since Aminah lived before the advent of [[Islam]], she could not have been a [[believer]] and must be counted among the [[polytheist]] women." Nevertheless, historians and researchers from the [[Shia]] school of thought maintain that the fathers and mothers of the Prophet possessed [[faith]]. To substantiate this claim, they cite the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny): "Lam yazal yanquluni Allah min aslabi al-shamikhah ila al-arhami al-mutahharat hatta akhrajani ila alamikum hadha wa lam yudassini dansa al-jahiliyyah<ref>Rayihin al-Shariah, Vol. 2, p. 388.</ref>; God continually transferred me from pure loins to pure wombs until He brought me forth into your world, and I was never tainted by the impurities or ideologies of the Age of Ignorance." This noble hadith, expressed in various wordings, establishes the spiritual purity and intellectual cleanliness of Aminah. Many scholars from the [[Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah|Sunni]] tradition have affirmed Aminah's [[faith]], citing the following narration as evidence:

"Ka'b al-Ahbar said to [[Muawiyah]]: 'I have read in seventy-two books that the [[angels]] descended to earth for the birth of no prophet except for [[Maryam|Mary]] and Aminah bint Wahb, nor were the veils of Paradise raised for any woman except for Mary and Aminah'<ref>Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 15, p. 117.</ref>." [[Al-Waqidi]] and a group of Sunni scholars, after mentioning the above hadith, state: "God Almighty would never place an unbelieving woman alongside a believing woman such as [[Maryam|Mary (peace be upon her)]]. If Aminah had not possessed faith, the stations granted to Mary (peace be upon her) would never have been bestowed upon her. For there exists a vast chasm between faith and [[disbelief]], and these two can never coexist<ref>Ibid.</ref>." [[Shaykh Saduq]] also states in his work ''Al-I'tiqadat'': "Our belief regarding the fathers of the Prophet is that they were Muslims from [[Adam]] down to his father Abdullah and [[Abu Talib]], and likewise Aminah bint Wahb, the mother of the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny)<ref>Ibid.</ref>. Our belief is that the fathers of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny), from [[Adam]] to Abdullah and [[Abu Talib]], as well as Aminah, the mother of the Prophet, were all Muslims."

[[Ja'far ibn Muhammad (al-Sadiq)|Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him)]] also said:
[[Gabriel]] descended upon the Prophet and said:

"O Muhammad, verily God, Glorified and Exalted be He, conveys His greetings unto you and says: 'I have indeed forbidden the Fire upon the loins that brought you forth, the womb that carried you, and the lap that nurtured you...'"<ref>Ibid.</ref> O [[Muhammad ibn Abdullah (Khatam al-Anbiya)|Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny)]], God Almighty sends His greetings upon you and declares: "I have forbidden the Fire upon the loins and back that brought you down, the womb that bore you, and the lap that raised you."

The late [[Muhammad Baqir Majlisi|Allamah Majlisi]] writes: This narration indicates the faith of Abdullah, Aminah, and Abu Talib; for God has made the Fire obligatory upon all [[polytheists]] and [[disbelievers]], and had these individuals not been believers, the Fire would not have been forbidden upon them.

=== Modesty and Chastity (Muhtashimah) ===
Another distinguished trait of this noble lady is her modesty and etiquette, due to which she was known among the Arabs as "Muhtashimah" (the modest one).

Lexicographers have defined this term as follows:

"Ihtisham is derived from hashmah, meaning restraint and shyness; hashmah signifies modesty and good manners<ref>Ibid., pp. 99–100.</ref>." Ihtisham stems from hashmah and denotes restraint and modesty. Hashmah signifies etiquette and modesty, representing the most beautiful attribute noble women can possess, through which they attain physical and psychological tranquility.

The episode of the marriage proposal for "Fatimah," the wife of [[Abd al-Muttalib]], to Aminah, and the events that transpired during that gathering, illustrate the modesty and etiquette of this chosen daughter of the Arabs: When the wife of Abd al-Muttalib arrived at the home of Wahb ibn Abd Manaf, Aminah stood before her, welcomed her warmly, and honored her presence. Upon witnessing Aminah's virtuous conduct, Fatimah said to her mother:
"I had seen Aminah before, yet I did not imagine she would possess such beauty and perfection<ref>Rayihin al-Shariah, Vol. 2, p. 387.</ref>." She then conversed with Aminah and found her to be the most eloquent woman in Mecca. Thereafter, she rose from her seat, hastened to Abdullah, and said:
"My son, I have never seen among the daughters of the Arabs anyone like her. I approve of her..."

== Wisdom and Nobility (Aqilah) ==
Being insightful is among the attributes and characteristics of the divine saints. Abdul-Muttalib praised Aminah with the term "Aqilah" (wise and noble woman).
Aminah, the noblewoman of the Arabs, was unparalleled in understanding and perfection. The words of this great lady at the time of her death demonstrate the extent of her wisdom and insight. She said to her son [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny)]]:
"Every living being dies, every new thing becomes old, every group perishes, and I too shall die; yet my memory shall remain forever. I have left behind goodness and given birth to a pure offspring [such as you]"<ref>Ibid.</ref>.

=== Eloquence and Rhetoric (Adibah) ===
Among other qualities of this virtuous daughter of Mecca was the sweetness of her expression and the clarity of her speech.
The beautiful poems remaining from her serve as testimony to this claim. Addressing her son, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny), she composed the following verses<ref>Ibid.</ref>:
{{Poem}}{{B |If what I saw in the dream is true, |Then you shall be sent unto all mankind. }}{{End Poem}}
{{Poem}}{{B |From the Possessor of Majesty and Generosity, |You are sent to declare the permissible and the forbidden. }}{{End Poem}}
{{Poem}}{{B |With certainty and Islam, the religion of your righteous father Abraham, |Thus God has forbidden you from idols, lest you turn to them along with the people.}}{{End Poem}}

The meaning of the poem, in brief, is as follows:
If the dream I saw is true, you shall be [[sent]] unto mankind by the Lord possessing majesty and generosity.
You are sent to proclaim the [[halal]] (permissible) and [[haram]] (forbidden). You are raised for the sake of truth and Islam, the religion of your father [[Abraham]]. Thus, God has restrained you from worshipping idols and following your kinsfolk in such practices.

=== Purity and Chastity (Tahirah, Mutahharah, Afifah) ===
The purity and chastity of Aminah were not hidden from the people of Mecca. This purity has been mentioned in various occasions within Arab speeches and poetry. Regarding the description of this noble lady, it has been written:
"Indeed, her face was like a radiant fragment of the moon; she was among the most beautiful and perfect of women, and superior in lineage and ancestry"<ref>Khasa'is Fatimiyyah, Mulla Baqir Wa'iz Kajuri, p. 292.</ref>. Truly, her countenance (Aminah's) was like the luminous moon; she was counted among the finest of women in beauty and perfection, and likewise among the best in character and lineage. She possessed both outward cleanliness and spiritual purity (chastity).

== The Marriage of Aminah ==
In this heavenly marriage, several important matters must be considered:
The selection and criteria for selection by the family of "Abdullah" appear to have been summarized by Abdul-Muttalib and his wife in two aspects when choosing a worthy spouse for the "Moon" of Mecca, Abdullah:
# Lineage authenticity and individual characteristics.
# The criteria of Aminah's family were not based on material considerations; rather, they focused on the spiritual perfection and greatness of Abdullah's family.
Regarding the amount of the [[dower]], history testifies that Aminah's father, after the proposal ceremony, said to Abdul-Muttalib: "My daughter is a gift to your son; we desire no dower."
[[Abdul-Muttalib]] replied: "May God reward you with goodness; however, a bride must have a dower, and some of our relatives must serve as witnesses between us"<ref>Famous Women, Dr. Ahmad Beheshti, p. 19.</ref>.

The "dower" is not a spiritual value, and in many cases, it cannot indicate an individual's spiritual and social status. In the culture of the [[Ahl al-Bayt|Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them)]], a modest dower signifies the superiority of the bride. In any case, this [[marriage]] was realized without encountering difficulties such as dower or dowry, thereby paving the way for the birth of [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|Muhammad (peace be upon him and his progeny)]].

== Aminah Reflected in Motherhood ==
Before Aminah's first child had even set foot in the world, news of her kind husband's death plunged her into grief. Divine grace, patience, the elegies she composed in mourning for her husband, the dreams during her pregnancy, and the child who spoke to her before birth—these were the sole assets of this chaste woman; assets through whose shade she brought forth her son.

Perhaps it is for this reason that [[Muhammad ibn Abd Allah (Seal of the Prophets)|the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny)]] was addressed by the name of his honorable mother, just as [[Jesus|Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him)]] was.
When "Jarud" returned from the presence of the Messenger of God, he addressed his tribe with these verses:
"I have come to you, O son of Aminah, the Messenger, |That through you I may be guided to the straight path"<ref>Bihar al-Anwar, Vol. 15, p. 247.</ref>
O son of Aminah, O Messenger, I have come to you so that through you I may be guided to the right path.

== Footnotes ==
{{Footnotes}}

== Sources ==
[https://hawzah.net/fa/Magazine/View/4180/4198/26949/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%22%D8%B3%22-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AF Adapted from the website Aminah (AS), Mother of the Sun https://hawzah.net]

[[Category:Personalities]]
[[Category:Historical Figures]]

Draft:Aminah bint Wahb - Revision history

Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی