Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

2026-09-20T12:34:37Z

ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی

New page

{{Infobox person
| name = Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf
| image = عبدالرحمن بن عوف.jpg
| full_name = Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf ibn Abd Awf
| other_names = Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf
| birth_date = 10th Year of the Elephant (approx. 570 CE)
| birth_place = [[Mecca]]
| death_date = 32 AH (652–653 CE)
| death_place = [[Medina]]
| religion = [[Islam]]
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| known_for = {{plainlist|1=
* Command of the Dumat al-Jandal expedition
* Membership in the six-person council for the selection of [[Uthman ibn Affan|the third Caliph]]
}}
}}

'''Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf''' was from the [[Quraysh|Quraysh tribe]] and the Banu Zuhrah clan. During the [[pre-Islamic era (Jahiliyyah)|pre-Islamic era]], his kunya was Abu Muhammad and his name was Abd Amr; he was also called Abd al-Ka'bah. [[Muhammad|The Prophet Muhammad]] (peace be upon him and his progeny) named him Abd al-Rahman. Abd al-Rahman is counted among the first eight people to accept Islam.

== Introduction ==

"Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf ibn Abd Awf ibn Abd ibn al-Harith ibn Zuhrah ibn Kilab<ref>Ibn Athir al-Jazari, Ali ibn Muhammad, ''Asad al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifat al-Sahabah'', vol. 3, p. 376, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1409 AH.</ref>", was born in the 10th Year of the Elephant<ref>Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Ahmad ibn Ali, ''Al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah'', verified by Abd al-Mawjud, Adil Ahmad, Muwwad, Ali Muhammad, vol. 4, p. 290, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, 1415 AH.</ref>. His mother's name was "Shifa", daughter of "Awf ibn Abd ibn Harith ibn Zuhrah"<ref>Ibn Abd al-Barr, Yusuf ibn Abdullah, ''Al-Isti'ab fi Ma'rifat al-Ashab'', verified by Bajawi, Ali Muhammad, vol. 2, p. 844, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1st edition, 1412 AH.</ref>. During the pre-Islamic era, his name was Abd Amr, and after becoming [[Muslim]], the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) named him Abd al-Rahman<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali, ''Al-Muntazam'', verified by Ata, Muhammad Abd al-Qadir, Ata, Mustafa Abd al-Qadir, vol. 5, p. 33, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, 1412 AH.</ref>.

He was among the first Muslims who accepted Islam through [[Abu Bakr]]<ref>Ibn Kathir al-Dimashqi, Ismail ibn Umar, ''Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah'', vol. 7, p. 163, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1407 AH.</ref>.
Abd al-Rahman is among the ten people whose names appear in the [[narration]] of the [[Ten Promised Paradise]]<ref>See: 38389; Examination of the narration "Promise of Paradise to Ten of the Companions of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny)".</ref>. He was also among the group who had two [[migration (Hijrah)|migrations]]; meaning he was with the Muslims during the journey to [[Abyssinia]] and after returning to [[Mecca]], after some time he migrated to [[Medina]]<ref>''Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra'', vol. 3, p. 92.</ref>.

After migrating to Medina, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) established a bond of brotherhood among the Muslims; [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] sources believe that a bond of brotherhood was established between Abd al-Rahman and Sa'd ibn Rabi'<ref>Dhahabi, Muhammad ibn Ahmad, ''Tarikh al-Islam'', verified by Tadmiri, Umar Abd al-Salam, vol. 3, p. 392, Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 2nd edition, 1409 AH; Bukhari, Muhammad ibn Ismail, ''Al-Jami' al-Musnad al-Sahih al-Mukhtasar min Umur Rasul Allah (peace be upon him and his progeny) wa Sunanihi wa Ayyamihi (Sahih al-Bukhari)'', verified by al-Nasir, Muhammad Zuhayr ibn Nasir, vol. 3, p. 53, Beirut, Dar Tawq al-Najat, 1st edition, 1422 AH.</ref>. However, some [[Shia]] sources have stated that this bond of brotherhood was between Abd al-Rahman and Uthman<ref>Qummi, Ali ibn Ibrahim, ''Tafsir al-Qummi'', verified by Musawi al-Jaza'iri, Sayyid Tayyib, vol. 2, p. 109, Qom, Dar al-Kitab, 3rd edition, 1404 AH; Tabarsi, Fadl ibn Hasan, ''A'lam al-Wara bi-A'lam al-Huda'', p. 184, Tehran, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 3rd edition, 1390 AH.</ref>.

It is narrated that Abd al-Rahman was present in all of the Prophet's (peace be upon him and his progeny) battles<ref>Salihi al-Dimashqi, Muhammad ibn Yusuf, ''Subul al-Huda wa al-Rashad fi Sirat Khayr al-Ibad'', vol. 11, p. 318, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1st edition, 1414 AH.</ref>. and in one of them he was in command.

== Expedition of Dumat al-Jandal ==

One day the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny) summoned Abd al-Rahman and said to him: "Prepare yourself, for by the will of God, today or tomorrow I will send you for a battle". He then unwrapped his turban and tied it again on his head, leaving the end hanging down by four fingers, and said: "O son of Awf! If you tie your turban like this, it is better... Go forth in the name of God to [[jihad]] and fight only in the way of God with the [[unbelievers]], do not use deceit or trickery, and do not kill any child<ref>Ibn Hisham, Abd al-Malik, ''Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah'', verified by al-Saqqa, Mustafa, al-Abyari, Ibrahim, Shalabi, Abd al-Hafiz, vol. 2, p. 632, Beirut, Dar al-Ma'rifah, 1st edition, n.d.</ref>".

Abd al-Rahman set off with his companions until they reached "Dumat al-Jandal". They waited there for three days and invited the enemies to Islam. At first, they refrained from accepting Islam and said that their response would be nothing but the sword, but on the third day, Asbagh ibn Amr al-Kalbi, who was their chief and a [[Christian]], converted to Islam. Following this, Abd al-Rahman wrote a letter to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) and informed Him that he wanted to choose a wife from that tribe for himself. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) advised him to marry Asbagh's daughter. Abd al-Rahman married Asbagh's daughter and came to Medina with her<ref>Waqidi, Muhammad ibn Umar, ''Kitab al-Maghazi'', verified by Marsden Jones, vol. 2, p. 560-561, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 3rd edition, 1409 AH.</ref>.

According to some narrations, the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny) himself told Abd al-Rahman from the beginning: "If they accept the invitation to Islam; marry the daughter of their chief<ref>Ibn Sayyid al-Nas, ''Uyun al-Athar'', vol. 2, p. 149, Beirut, Dar al-Qalam, 1st edition, 1414 AH.</ref>". In any case, it is clear that this order was to strengthen the pact between the two parties.

== The Prophet Following Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf in Prayer ==

Some sources from [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] have narrated from [[Al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba]] as follows:
[During one of the battles] [[Muhammad|The Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his progeny)]] went out to relieve himself. I was with him. [After relieving himself] the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) said: "Do you have water with you?" So I brought a vessel of water for the Prophet. I poured water and the Prophet washed his face and wanted to wash his hands, but since his sleeve was tight, he had to take his hands out from under his cloak and wash them... . When we returned, we saw that Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf had recited the first rak'ah [while he was the prayer leader] and when he noticed the presence of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny), he wanted to go back, but the Prophet signaled him to stay in his place and then prayed one rak'ah of [[prayer]] behind him. When the people and Abd al-Rahman said the salutation, the Prophet stood up and recited the other rak'ah and said the salutation and said to the people: "You did very well<ref>Qushayri Nishaburi, Muslim ibn Hajjaj, ''Al-Musnad al-Sahih al-Mukhtasar bi-Naql al-Adl an al-Adl ila Rasul Allah (peace be upon him and his progeny) (Sahih Muslim)'', verified by Abd al-Baqi, Muhammad Fu'ad, vol. 1, p. 317, Beirut, Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi, n.d.</ref>". Similar matters have been narrated in other ways<ref>See: Nasa'i, Abu Abd al-Rahman Ahmad ibn Shu'ayb, ''Al-Sunan al-Kubra'', verified by Shalabi, Hasan Abd al-Mun'im, vol. 1, p. 63, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-Risalah, 1st edition, 1421 AH; Sajistani, Abu Dawud Sulayman ibn Ash'ath, ''Sunan Abi Dawud'', verified by Abd al-Hamid, Muhammad Muhyi al-Din, vol. 1, p. 37, Beirut, Al-Maktabah al-Asriyyah, Sidon, n.d.</ref>.

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== References ==

[[Category:Companions of the Prophet]]
[[Category:Sunni Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Mecca]]
[[fa:عبدالرحمن بن عوف]]

== Abd al-Rahman after the Demise of the Prophet ==

Some sources have counted Abd al-Rahman among the companions of [[Umar|Second Caliph]] in the incident of the alley of [[Banu Hashim]] and the threat to [[Fatima bint Muhammad|Lady Fatima (peace be upon her)]]<ref>Jawhari Basri, Ahmad ibn Abd al-Aziz, ''al-Saqifa wa Fadak'', Researcher: Amini, Muhammad Hadi, p. 70, Tehran, Maktabat Ninawa al-Haditha, n.d.</ref>.

But certainly the most important event in Abd al-Rahman's life in which he had a prominent presence and the course of Islamic history changed with his decision was the matter of the six-member council that the Second Caliph appointed to choose the [[Caliph]] after himself. Abd al-Rahman was chosen as the most important individual of this group; because in case of a tie in votes, the person he approved would become the Caliph of the [[Muslims]]. In the end, it was his vote that made [[Uthman]] the Caliph of the Muslims.

From some historical sources it is obtained that later Abd al-Rahman regretted this decision: "After the martyrdom of [[Abu Dharr al-Ghifari|Abu Dharr]] in Rabdhah which Uthman was the cause of; [[Ali ibn Abi Talib|Ali (peace be upon him)]] says to Abd al-Rahman that you are the cause of this work [since you made Uthman Caliph] Abd al-Rahman said: If you want, take your sword and I will also take my sword and [go to war against Uthman, since] he has opposed the conditions with which I gave him the Caliphate<ref>Baladhuri, Ahmad ibn Yahya, ''Ansab al-Ashraf'', Research: Zakar, Suhayl, Zirkali, Riyadh, Vol. 5, p. 546, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, First Edition, 1417 AH.</ref>."

Abd al-Rahman was among the wealthiest individuals of his time and there are narrations regarding his wealth<ref>Masudi, Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn al-Husayn, ''Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma'adin al-Jawhar'', Research: Daghir, As'ad, Vol. 2, p. 333, Qom, Dar al-Hijra, Second Edition, 1409 AH.</ref>. His wealth was to the extent that at the time of his death he had huge financial wills and in one of them he [[will|willed]] fifty thousand dinars to be given to stranded individuals<ref>''Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra'', Vol. 3, p. 100.</ref>.

He had many children and in some sources he is considered the father of twenty sons and eight daughters<ref>''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 5, p. 34.</ref>.

== Death of Abd al-Rahman ==

Abd al-Rahman finally died in the year 32 AH (652 CE) and was buried in [[Al-Baqi Cemetery]]<ref>''Tarikh al-Islam'', Vol. 3, p. 396.</ref>.

== Notes ==

{{reflist}}

== References ==

[https://www.islamquest.net/fa/archive/fa67586 Adapted from the website Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf; What kind of person was the Companion of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his progeny)...]

[[Category:Personalities]]
[[Category:Historical figures]]
[[Category:Companions]]

[[fa:عبدالرحمن بن عوف]]

Draft:Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf - Revision history

Translationbot: ترجمه خودکار از ویکی فارسی