Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Khalid al-Barqi - Revision history

imported>Mohsenmadani at 12:39, 16 February 2022

2022-02-16T12:39:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:09, 16 February 2022
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	==Life==		==Life==

	Al-Barqi was born around 200/815-16 in Kufa.His ~~father~~ was a disciple of Imam al-Kazim (a), Imam al-Rida (a), and Imam al-Jawad (a) and a scholarly man. <ref>Najāshī, Rijāl, p. 335. </ref>		Al-Barqi was born around 200/815-16 In Kufa.His faher was a disciple of Imam al-Kazim (a), Imam al-Rida (a), and Imam al-Jawad (a) and a scholarly man. <ref>Najāshī, Rijāl, p. 335. </ref>
	He was called al-Barqi because his ancestor, Ahmad, settled in the Barqrud area of Qom. Among al-Barqi's family members were several traditionists and scholars of jurisprudence and hadith.		He was called al-Barqi because his ancestor, Ahmad, settled in the Barqrud area of Qom. Among al-Barqi's family members were several traditionists and scholars of jurisprudence and hadith.

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	==Notes==		==Notes==
			<references />

imported>Peysepar at 14:32, 16 February 2021

2021-02-16T14:32:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:02, 16 February 2021
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	==Life==		==Life==

	Al-Barqi was born around 200/815-16 in Kufa.His father was a disciple of Imam al-Kazim (a), Imam al-Rida (a), and Imam al-Jawad (a) and a scholarly man.~~[1]~~		Al-Barqi was born around 200/815-16 in Kufa.His father was a disciple of Imam al-Kazim (a), Imam al-Rida (a), and Imam al-Jawad (a) and a scholarly man. <ref>Najāshī, Rijāl, p. 335. </ref>
	He was called al-Barqi because his ancestor, Ahmad, settled in the Barqrud area of Qom. Among al-Barqi's family members were several traditionists and scholars of jurisprudence and hadith.		He was called al-Barqi because his ancestor, Ahmad, settled in the Barqrud area of Qom. Among al-Barqi's family members were several traditionists and scholars of jurisprudence and hadith.

	Al-Barqi Family		Al-Barqi Family

	Scholars of rijal regard al-Barqi as one of the disciples of Imam al-Jawad (a) and Imam al-Hadi (a),~~[2]~~ but there is no mention of these two Imams (a) in al-Barqi's narrations. It is just mentioned in a hadith that in a travel to Samarra, a courier came from "the Man" and according to evidences, "the man" was Imam al-hadi (a).~~[3]~~		Scholars of rijal regard al-Barqi as one of the disciples of Imam al-Jawad (a) and Imam al-Hadi (a), <ref>Ṭūsī, Rijāl Ṭūsī, vol. 1, p. 383; Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, vol. 1, p. 116.</ref> but there is no mention of these two Imams (a) in al-Barqi's narrations. It is just mentioned in a hadith that in a travel to Samarra, a courier came from "the Man" and according to evidences, "the man" was Imam al-hadi (a). <ref>Kashshī, Ikhtīyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, vol. 2, p. 831. </ref>
	Al-Najashi states that al-Barqi passed away in 274/887-88 but 'Ali b. Muhammad Majilawayh, his grandson and his student says that he passed away in 280/893-894.~~[4]~~ In his funeral Ahmad b. Muhammad b.'Isa al-Ash'ari who banished him from Qom, participated barefoot as a sign of regret for what he has done.		Al-Najashi states that al-Barqi passed away in 274/887-88 but 'Ali b. Muhammad Majilawayh, his grandson and his student says that he passed away in 280/893-894. <ref>Najāshī, Rijāl, p. 70. </ref> In his funeral Ahmad b. Muhammad b.'Isa al-Ash'ari who banished him from Qom, participated barefoot as a sign of regret for what he has done.

	==Position in Narrating Hadith==		==Position in Narrating Hadith==
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	===Reliability===		===Reliability===

	All the major shi'a scholars like al-Najashi, al-Shaykh al-Tusi and al-'Allama al-Hilli have praised al-Barqi and considered him as a reliable narrator.~~[5]~~ Al-Barqi also has a special position among the Sunnis.		All the major shi'a scholars like al-Najashi, al-Shaykh al-Tusi and al-'Allama al-Hilli have praised al-Barqi and considered him as a reliable narrator. <ref>Najāshī, Rijāl, p. 76; Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, p. 62; Ḥillī, Khulāṣat al-aqwāl, p. 63. </ref> Al-Barqi also has a special position among the Sunnis.

	===Narrating from Unreliable Narrators and Being Banished from Qom===		===Narrating from Unreliable Narrators and Being Banished from Qom===

	The fact that al-Barqi used to narrate from unreliable narrators and take mursal hadiths as reliable hadiths caused that Ahmad b. Muhammad b. 'Isa al-Ash'ari, the head of hadith scholars of Qom, banish al-Barqi from Qom but after a while al-Ash'ari returned al-Barqi to Qom and apologized him. Al-Ash'ri participated in al-Barqi's funeral bareheaded (without 'imama (turban) ) and barefoot to show his sorrow and compensate his previous action.~~[6]~~		The fact that al-Barqi used to narrate from unreliable narrators and take mursal hadiths as reliable hadiths caused that Ahmad b. Muhammad b. 'Isa al-Ash'ari, the head of hadith scholars of Qom, banish al-Barqi from Qom but after a while al-Ash'ari returned al-Barqi to Qom and apologized him. Al-Ash'ri participated in al-Barqi's funeral bareheaded (without 'imama (turban) ) and barefoot to show his sorrow and compensate his previous action. <ref>Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, p. 62; Ḥillī, Khulāṣat al-aqwāl, p. 63; ʿAllāma al-Ḥillī, Rijāl, p. 14; Farshchīyān, Pīshgāmān-i tashayyuʿ, p. 104. </ref>

	===A Response to the Criticism of Narrating from Unreliable Narrators===		===A Response to the Criticism of Narrating from Unreliable Narrators===

	Al-Wahid al-Bihbahani writes: al-Barqi is certainly reliable and what the critics say is not proved and even if he trusted in unreliable narrators, we can just say that his approach in narrating hadith is not right. ~~[7]~~		Al-Wahid al-Bihbahani writes: al-Barqi is certainly reliable and what the critics say is not proved and even if he trusted in unreliable narrators, we can just say that his approach in narrating hadith is not right. <ref>Bihbahānī,al-Fawāʾid al-rijālīyya, p. 43. </ref>
	Ibn al-Ghada'iri also says: The criticism of Qummi hadith scholars were about those who al-Barqi narrated from, not al-Barqi himself.~~[8]~~		Ibn al-Ghada'iri also says: The criticism of Qummi hadith scholars were about those who al-Barqi narrated from, not al-Barqi himself. <ref>Ibn al-Ghaḍāʾirī, al-Rijāl, p. 39. </ref>

	==Scientific Life==		==Scientific Life==
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	===Professors===		===Professors===

	Al-Barqi has narrated approximately from 200 persons and mentioned about 100 books in the field.~~[9]~~ Ayatollah al-Khoei has discussed about them several times in his book.~~[10]~~		Al-Barqi has narrated approximately from 200 persons and mentioned about 100 books in the field. <ref>Āqāyī, Muqāayisa taḥlīlī-yi si chāp-i kitāb-i al-Rijāl-i Barqī. </ref> Ayatollah al-Khoei has discussed about them several times in his book. <ref>Khoeī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 2, p. 31,32,226,227,266,267. </ref>

	===Students===		===Students===
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	• Muhammad b. Yahya		• Muhammad b. Yahya
	• 'Ali b. Muhammad Majilawayh		• 'Ali b. Muhammad Majilawayh
	• Mu'alla b. Muhammad.~~[11]~~		• Mu'alla b. Muhammad. <ref>Khoeī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, vol. 2, p. 32. </ref>

	==Works==		==Works==

	~~Al-Mahasin~~		His most important works are Rijal al-Barqi and Al-Mahasin. His other works are as followings: <ref>12. Ziriklī, Al-Aʿlām, vol. 1, p. 205; Kaḥḥālah, Muʿjam al-muʾalifīn, vol. 2, p. 98. </ref>
	His most important works are Rijal al-Barqi and Al-Mahasin. His other works are as followings:[12]
	• Kitab al-buldan		• Kitab al-buldan
	• Ikhtilaf al-hadith		• Ikhtilaf al-hadith
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	• Kitab al-makasib		• Kitab al-makasib
	• Kitab al-rifahiyya		• Kitab al-rifahiyya
	• Kitab al-rijal		• Kitab al-rijal

	==Notes==		==Notes==

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Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Khālid b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Barqī (Arabic: أحمد بن محمد بن خالد بن عبدالرحمن البرقي, b. 200/815-16 - d. 274/887-88 or 280/893-94) was a renowned Twelver Shi'a hadith scholar (muhaddith) and historian of 3rd/9th century. Both Shi'a and Sunni scholars have relied on his hadiths. His most important work is al-Mahasin.

==Life==

Al-Barqi was born around 200/815-16 in Kufa.His father was a disciple of Imam al-Kazim (a), Imam al-Rida (a), and Imam al-Jawad (a) and a scholarly man.[1]
He was called al-Barqi because his ancestor, Ahmad, settled in the Barqrud area of Qom. Among al-Barqi's family members were several traditionists and scholars of jurisprudence and hadith.

Al-Barqi Family

Scholars of rijal regard al-Barqi as one of the disciples of Imam al-Jawad (a) and Imam al-Hadi (a),[2] but there is no mention of these two Imams (a) in al-Barqi's narrations. It is just mentioned in a hadith that in a travel to Samarra, a courier came from "the Man" and according to evidences, "the man" was Imam al-hadi (a).[3]
Al-Najashi states that al-Barqi passed away in 274/887-88 but 'Ali b. Muhammad Majilawayh, his grandson and his student says that he passed away in 280/893-894.[4] In his funeral Ahmad b. Muhammad b.'Isa al-Ash'ari who banished him from Qom, participated barefoot as a sign of regret for what he has done.

==Position in Narrating Hadith==

===Reliability===

All the major shi'a scholars like al-Najashi, al-Shaykh al-Tusi and al-'Allama al-Hilli have praised al-Barqi and considered him as a reliable narrator.[5] Al-Barqi also has a special position among the Sunnis.

===Narrating from Unreliable Narrators and Being Banished from Qom===

The fact that al-Barqi used to narrate from unreliable narrators and take mursal hadiths as reliable hadiths caused that Ahmad b. Muhammad b. 'Isa al-Ash'ari, the head of hadith scholars of Qom, banish al-Barqi from Qom but after a while al-Ash'ari returned al-Barqi to Qom and apologized him. Al-Ash'ri participated in al-Barqi's funeral bareheaded (without 'imama (turban) ) and barefoot to show his sorrow and compensate his previous action.[6]

===A Response to the Criticism of Narrating from Unreliable Narrators===

Al-Wahid al-Bihbahani writes: al-Barqi is certainly reliable and what the critics say is not proved and even if he trusted in unreliable narrators, we can just say that his approach in narrating hadith is not right. [7]
Ibn al-Ghada'iri also says: The criticism of Qummi hadith scholars were about those who al-Barqi narrated from, not al-Barqi himself.[8]

==Scientific Life==

===Professors===

Al-Barqi has narrated approximately from 200 persons and mentioned about 100 books in the field.[9] Ayatollah al-Khoei has discussed about them several times in his book.[10]

===Students===

Main article: List of Students of Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Khalid al-Barqi
He has several students, the most important of which are 'Abd Allah b. ja'far al-Himyari, the author of the well-known book, Qurb al-isnad; 'Ali b. Ibrahim al-Qummi, a companion of Imam al-Hadi (a), hadith scholar, jurist, and the author of Tafsir al-Qummi; and Sa'd b. 'Abd Allah al-Ash'ari al-Qummi, the author of Basa'ir al-darajat
His other students are as following:
• Husayn b. Sa'id al-Ahwazi
• Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffar
• Bu Ali al-Ash'ari
• Ahmad b.Idris
• Ahmad b. Abd Allah
• Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Abd Allah
• Hasan b. Matil Daqaq
• Ali b. Husayn Sa'd Abadi
• Ali b. Muhammad Bandar
• Ali b. Muhammad b. Abd Allah Qummi
• Muhammad b. Abi al-Qasim
• Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Yahya
• Muhammad b. Isa
• Muhammad b. Yahya
• 'Ali b. Muhammad Majilawayh
• Mu'alla b. Muhammad.[11]

==Works==

Al-Mahasin
His most important works are Rijal al-Barqi and Al-Mahasin. His other works are as followings:[12]
• Kitab al-buldan
• Ikhtilaf al-hadith
• Al-Ansab
• Akhbar al-umam
• Al-Tarajim wa l-ta'atuf
• Adab al-nafs
• Adab al-mu'ashira
• Kitab al-makasib
• Kitab al-rifahiyya
• Kitab al-rijal

==Notes==